vmware 安装oracle 11g集群.docx

建立共享存储磁盘主机操作系统：windos7 64bitVmware版本：10.0.2 build-1744117创建共享磁盘先提前创建一个存放共享磁盘目录的文件夹本例为：G:wangdm11gsharedisk进入vmware软件的安装目录(本例vmware安装在e:Program Filesvmware)，找到vmware-vdiskmanager.exe程序，创建4个共享磁盘，3个1G给OCR和VOTE DISK，1个20G的用于存放数据，如下图表示创建成功。E:Program Filesvmwarevmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1024m -a lsilogic -t 2 G:wangdm11gsharediskocrdisk01.vmdkVixDiskLib: Invalid configuration file parameter. Failed to read configurationfile.Creating disk G:wangdm11gsharediskocrdisk01.vmdk Create: 100% done.Virtual disk creation successful.E:Program Filesvmwarevmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1024m -a lsilogic -t 2 G:wangdm11gsharediskocrdisk02.vmdkVixDiskLib: Invalid configuration file parameter. Failed to read configurationfile.Creating disk G:wangdm11gsharediskocrdisk02.vmdk Create: 100% done.Virtual disk creation successful.E:Program Filesvmwarevmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1024m -a lsilogic -t 2 G:wangdm11gsharediskocrdisk03.vmdkVixDiskLib: Invalid configuration file parameter. Failed to read configurationfile.Creating disk G:wangdm11gsharediskocrdisk03.vmdk Create: 100% done.Virtual disk creation successful.E:Program Filesvmwarevmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 20480m -a lsilogic -t 2 G:wangdm11gsharediskdata01.vmdkVixDiskLib: Invalid configuration file parameter. Failed to read configurationfile.Creating disk G:wangdm11gsharediskdata01.vmdk Create: 100% done.Virtual disk creation successful.E:Program Filesvmwarevmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 20480m -a lsilogic -t 2 G:wangdm11gsharediskdata02.vmdkVixDiskLib: Invalid configuration file parameter. Failed to read configurationfile.Creating disk G:wangdm11gsharediskdata02.vmdk Create: 100% done.Virtual disk creation successful.虚拟共享磁盘加入vmware主机通过vmware主界面添加磁盘，注意选择磁盘的时候必须选择“Use an existing virtual disk”，同时主备机设置必须保持一致，特别是磁盘的顺序千万别搞错了，下面以添加一块共享磁盘为例，仅供参考。上图点击下步后，在下图中选择前面我们创建的共享磁盘上图点击“完成”后，会出来如下提示，我们选择“保持现有格式”上图操作完成后我们点击“OK”按钮，然后回到vmware的主页面，切记集群的每个节点都按以上同样的步骤添加。添加完成后再依次添加其它的共享磁盘，方法类似。待所每个节点都按以上方法依顺序添加磁盘后，在每个共享磁盘的高级设置中，将“虚拟设备节点(V)”调整为“SCSI 1:X 磁盘(SCSI)”，如下图然后点击OK，切记是每个节点的每个共享存储都要调整，否则oracle 11g集群安装会存在问题。注意：由于我们此处建立的是共享磁盘，所以需要为这些共享磁盘选择一个单独的通道SCSI 1，不能与本地磁盘通道共用通道，否则共享磁盘无法创建成功。修改完成后如下图所示然后进入每个虚拟机节点存放目录找到后辍为.vmx的文件，确保文件内容中增加的共享磁盘配置类似于以下配置，如果不一致需要修改disk.locking = false diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = 0 diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = 0 diskLib.DataCacheMinReadAheadSize = 0 diskLib.dataCachePageSize = 4096 diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = 0 scsi1.sharedBus = virtual scsi1.present = TRUE scsi1.virtualDev = lsilogic scsi1:1.present = TRUEscsi1:1.fileName = G:wangdm11gsharediskdata01.vmdkscsi1:1.deviceType = diskscsi1:2.present = TRUEscsi1:2.fileName = G:wangdm11gsharediskdata02.vmdkscsi1:2.deviceType = diskscsi1:3.present = TRUEscsi1:3.fileName = G:wangdm11gsharediskocrdisk01.vmdkscsi1:3.deviceType = diskscsi1:4.present = TRUEscsi1:4.fileName = G:wangdm11gsharediskocrdisk02.vmdkscsi1:4.deviceType = diskscsi1:5.present = TRUEscsi1:5.fileName = G:wangdm11gsharediskocrdisk03.vmdkscsi1:5.deviceType = diskdisk.EnableUUID = TRUE修改完成后重启服务器，然后我们通过fdisk l命令我们可以在每个节点中看到共享磁盘信息，至此共享磁盘创建完毕。数据库的安装环境描述系统描述环境：redhat 6.4-x86-64 + oracle 11R2(11.2.0.4.0)说明：Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.4 (Santiago)虚拟机版本：10.0.2 build-1744117口令：本次实验过程中，所涉及的所有操作系统口令均为oracle，所有数据库及ASM口令均为oracle123网络描述Oracle RAC Node 1 - (rac1)Device IP Address Subnet Gateway Purpose eht0192.168.52.111255.255.255.0192.168.52.1Connects node01 to the public network eht110.10.10.1255.255.255.0Connects node01 (interconnect) to node02 (node02-priv) /etc/hosts127.0.0.1 localhost192.168.52.111node01192.168.52.112node02192.168.52.113node01-vip192.168.52.114node02-vip10.10.10.1node01-priv10.10.10.2node02-priv192.168.52.115 node-scanOracle RAC Node 2 - (rac2)Device IP Address Subnet Gateway Purpose eht0192.168.52.112255.255.255.0192.168.52.1Connects node02 to the public network eht110.10.10.2255.255.255.0Connects node02 (interconnect) to node01 (node01-priv) /etc/hosts127.0.0.1 localhost192.168.52.111node01192.168.52.112node02192.168.52.113node01-vip192.168.52.114node02-vip10.10.10.1node01-priv10.10.10.2node02-priv192.168.52.115 node-scan共享磁盘分配磁盘设备名称大小类型用途/dev/sdb/dev/asmdisk11G共享磁盘ocr 和 votedisk/dev/sdc/dev/asmdisk2/dev/sdd/dev/asmdisk3/dev/sde/dev/asmdisk420Gdata/dev/sdf/dev/asmdisk5安装前准备硬件要求安装Oracle 11gR2对硬件有一些要求，如下：每个节点至少2.5GB物理内存(建议3G) 根据下表设置Swap分区大小：/tmp至少1GB可用空间 CPU主频2.0G以上硬盘转速7200转以上(建议使用scsi硬盘) 软件要求Linux x86 (32-bit) System RequirementsLinux Distribution Requirements Red Hat Enterprise Linux Distributions Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 Update 7, kernel 2.6.9 or later Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Update 2, kernel 2.6.18 or late 或者比列出的版本更高。安装软件包安装oracle 11g所需要的软件包，但是不同的操作系统，需要的软件包不同：Item Requirement 、Asianux Server 3, Oracle Linux 5, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 The following packages (or later versions) must be installed: binutils-2.17.50.0.6 compat-libstdc+-33-3.2.3 elfutils-libelf-0.125 elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125 elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.125 gcc-4.1.2 gcc-c+-4.1.2 glibc-2.5-24 glibc-common-2.5 glibc-devel-2.5 glibc-headers-2.5 kernel-headers-2.6.18 ksh-20060214 libaio-0.3.106 libaio-devel-0.3.106 libgcc-4.1.2 libgomp-4.1.2 libstdc+-4.1.2 libstdc+-devel-4.1.2 make-3.81 sysstat-7.0.2 unixODBC-2.2.11 unixODBC-devel-2.2.11 pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64libcap-2.16-5.5.el6.x86_64查看软件包是否已经安装，用命令：rpm -qa|grep compat 查看软件包都是哪个版本的，版本只能高于上述，不能低于。上传没有的包，安装：rpm -ivh *.rpm关闭防火墙和selinux关闭服务端和客户端系统防火墙和selinux，然后需要重启机器停止系统停火墙chkconfig iptables off;service iptables stop;关闭selinuxvi /etc/selinux/configSELINUX=disabled停止不必要的服务chkconfigiscsi off;chkconfig iscsid off;chkconfigip6tables off;chkconfig xinetd off;chkconfig bluetooth off;chkconfig iptables off;设置系统参数Oracle 数据库 11gR2 需要以下所示的内核参数设置。其中给出的是最小值，因此如果您的系统使用的值较大，则不要更改它。切换到root用户: su rootConfiguring Kernel Parameters 修改/etc/sysctl.conf(vi /etc/sysctl.conf), 直接运行以下脚本就OKcat/etc/sysctl.conf/etc/pam.d/login/etc/security/limits.conf/etc/profile/etc/rc.localgrid集群组件的安装grid用户配置主机SSH互信(可以不配置，在安装的时候由grid用户自动生成等效)注：此文中采用GRID安装过程中自动配置SSH互信，以下流程可以忽略，仅供参考。在 clusterware (CRS) 和rac Database 安装过程中， Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) 必须能够以 grid的身份自动将软件复制到所有rac节点。这里我们通过配置 ssh 让 grid 用户拥有不输入密码即可访问各节点的能力。首先两个节点间互 ping ，要确保都是通的rootrac1 # ping 10.80.10.21 （此IP为节点二私有IP）rootrac1 # ping 10.70.10.21 （此IP为节点二Public IP）rootrac2 # ping 10.80.10.20 （此IP为节点一私有IP）rootrac2 # ping 10.70.10.20 （此IP为节点一Public IP）要建立用户等效性，需要在两个节点上以 grid 用户身份生成用户的公钥和私钥。首先在node1 执行rootrac1 # su - gridgridrac1 $ rm -r /.sshrm: cannot remove /home/grid/.ssh: No such file or directorygridrac1 $ mkdir /.sshgridrac1 $ chmod 700 /.sshgridrac1 $ /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t rsaGenerating public/private rsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/home/grid/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/grid/.ssh/id_rsa.Your public key has been saved in /home/grid/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:c9:30:85:da:88:d7:11:8f:74:bc:98:9e:fe:05:07:13 gridrac1The keys randomart image is:+- RSA 2048-+| o+E | .o=. | . =+. | . + =+.+ | . . .S . | o o | . . | . . | . |+-+gridrac1 $ /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t dsaGenerating public/private dsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/home/grid/.ssh/id_dsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/grid/.ssh/id_dsa.Your public key has been saved in /home/grid/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:bb:14:3f:ad:5b:29:0a:35:99:ad:c8:8e:1b:e8:70:63 gridrac1The keys randomart image is:+- DSA 1024-+| | | | + | S . | . . o * . . |. E . + + + + | = . + o o = | . o. o o. |+-+然后转node2执行rootrac2 # su - gridgridrac2 $ rm -r /.sshrm: cannot remove /home/grid/.ssh: No such file or directorygridrac2 $ mkdir /.sshgridrac2 $ chmod 700 /.sshgridrac2 $ /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t rsaGenerating public/private rsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/home/grid/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/grid/.ssh/id_rsa.Your public key has been saved in /home/grid/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:e2:1c:f5:97:3e:57:49:a9:ec:c9:3d:17:67:2f:23:3b gridrac2The keys randomart image is:+- RSA 2048-+| | .| . o | . . .o .| o S . oo o+| o o oo oo+| o +oo| E= oo| . |+-+gridrac2 $ /usr/bin/ssh-keygen -t dsaGenerating public/private dsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/home/grid/.ssh/id_dsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/grid/.ssh/id_dsa.Your public key has been saved in /home/grid/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:f2:a8:5f:d5:d7:d9:dd:25:b7:8c:03:8b:ed:1f:da:08 gridrac2The keys randomart image is:+- DSA 1024-+| | | . . o| o.o o+B| . S.o.o.+=| + . . | . oE . . | . . . = . | . o o |+-+切换回node1，接着执行gridrac1 $ cat /.ssh/id_rsa.pub /.ssh/authorized_keysgridrac1 $ cat /.ssh/id_dsa.pub /.ssh/authorized_keysgridrac1 $ ssh rac2 cat /.ssh/id_dsa.pub /.ssh/authorized_keysThe authenticity of host rac2 (10.70.10.21) cant be established.RSA key fingerprint is 4a:98:37:c5:fc:7d:c1:38:e5:7c:b0:bf:50:bc:f4:6d.Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yesWarning: Permanently added rac2,10.70.10.21 (RSA) to the list of known hosts.gridrac2s password: gridrac1 $ ssh rac2 cat /.ssh/id_rsa.pub /.ssh/authorized_keysgridrac2s password: gridrac1 $ scp /.ssh/authorized_keys rac2:/.ssh/gridrac2s p