专题.阅读填空题解题策略 doc.doc

专题：阅读简答题解题策略一、20102012年湖南卷考点统计与分析年份 考点分布 命题分析细 节理 解 题逻 辑推 理 题 1. 该题主要目的是测试考生阅读及简短表达能力。答题要求“准确”和“简洁”。2. 该题着重考查学生用英语获取与处理信息及思维和表达的能力。解题基础是阅读理解，但要求更高，涉及寻读信息能力和综合概括能力。3. 该题型开放度在加大，并加大了对考生表达能力和书写能力的考查。2010 3 12011 4 02012 4 0 题型特点：体裁多为记叙文或说明文，文章结构清楚，脉络清晰，易于把握。题材多为学生熟悉的日常话题，易于理解；文章简短，词数300左右。题目的命制从细节过渡到主旨，遵循由易到难的原则。二、原题操练 （2012 湖南）A wise teacher once told me that every teenager needs to experience a not-so-fun first job from working at a grocery store to the fast food industry. Now I still remember my first day at a fast food restaurant three years ago. I wanted to save up money and buy my own car, so I applied everywhere I could that summer. The restaurant called me right away and I thought to myself, this is going to be easy. Within four hours of my first shift(轮班), I had angry customers who complained how slow I was. I watched in fear as a kid spilled his milk everywhere, and I heard the words that no 16-year-old boy or anyone for that matter wants to hear:“Mike, theres a problem in the mens bathroom and you might want gloves for this one.”I realized right away that working at the restaurant was not going to be a picnic. The manager expected a clean environment and, particularly, fast service with a friendly smile. Over 3 years later I still work at that restaurant whenever I go home during vacations. I love my co-workers there and all the customers know who I am. Every morning the same senior citizens come in and get their morning coffees. They chat with us workers and joke around. Our smiles have just as much to do with them making us a part of their everyday lives as the coffee does. From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwork and devotion. I also learned staying positive no matter how rough things seem to get. I will forever carry the experience that I gained at the restaurant with me as I go forward in my life.81.Why did the author apply everywhere that summer? (No more than 12 words) 82.What did the manager particularly expect the workers to do? (No more than 14 words) 83.Why does the author still work at the restaurant during vacations? (No more than 13 words) 84.What did the author learn from his first job? (No more than 11 words) 三、失分原因四、解题步骤1. 浏览试题，画出关键词 2. 速读文章，定位答题信息 3. 推敲信息句，遣词组句答问题五、解题技巧技巧（一）快速定位原文用来定位原文的关键词一般有两种：1.原词定位。题干中有一些外表有特点且醒目的字，如人名、地名、数字、大写字母、专有名词等，在原文中可根据这些快速定位；还有一些题干表达主要意思的词，一般是实词，这样的词往往直接涉及文章中的重点细节信息，有利于定位的准确性。2.近义词定位。题干中的关键词可能在原文中以同义词或近义词的方式出现，不一定是原词的重现，即“同义改写”或“同义替换”。如：choice/alternative等。例文：The sculptors bring out their favorite tools that work best on the hard ice snow, but they are not allowed to employ tools that use electricity.题：What kind of tools are the sculptors NOT permitted to use? (No more than 6 words) 技巧（二）确定答案的基本形式1. what开头的问句：回答时用 、 、 或 。例文：Game hunters of the 19th century had hunted the creatures almost to extinction(绝种).题：According to this passage, what was the most probable reason for elephants almost extinction in north-eastern South Africa in the 19th century? (No more than 8 words) 2. why开头的问句：要用 、 或 来回答。例文：The fact that he was caught in the traffic jam might explain his being late.题：Why was he late？（No more than 10 words） 3. how开头的问句一般问方式，因此回答一般用表示方式的介词 开头。例文：Fortunately, he loaned some money from the bank, and set up his own company.题：How did he get the money to set up his own company? (No more than 8 words) 4. when开头的问句问时间，用 或 来回答。常用来开头的连词有 , 介词有in, on, at, before, between, after, during等。例文：He was born in 1993. And when he was 5 years old, he lost his legs in a car accident.题：When did he become disabled? (No more than 8 words) 5. where开头的问句问地点，用 或 来回答。常用来开头的连词有 ，介词有at, in, on等。例文：He went to Harvard University. There he found his interests in biology.题：Where did he find his interests in biology? (No more than 3 words) 技巧（三）转换表达方式1. 词语替代法。not in favor of= ; look back on= ;come to my mind= 。2.词类转换法。The rain was very heavy last night.= 3.合并分句法。把两个意义相关的简单句合并为一个简单句。如：He is a new teacher. He is called Sun Jun.= 4.句型转换法。比较状语从句句型转换：最高级=比较级+than any/the other 如：Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.= 状语从句与不定式转换The little girl was so tired that she couldnt go farther.= 宾语从句与不定式转换We all hope that we will be able to play games on the sports field.= 从句之间的转换He will miss the train if he does not take a taxi.= 从句与分词、动名词转换When I was going shopping yesterday= The girl who had been caught stealing= 巩固训练 My First Long Run Two weeks ago, I had a quarrel with my husband. After he had driven off in anger, I realized that I wasnt going to feel any better just sitting there. Feeling abandoned and guilty, I put on my gym shoes to get some fresh air. Our driveway has a slope(斜坡) that is easier just to jog down if you are lazy, taking advantage of gravity. Instead of shopping at the end of the slope, I decided to see if I could just jog to the end of the street. I had tried a few months ago and failed miserably. Since that first attempt I had been jogging regularly and was significantly fitter, but still very lazy. However this time around I managed to reach the stop sign with ease and I figured I would go a little further. After about a kilometer, however, I noticed that my upper body was tense. To make the movement easier I had to relax my body, and tried to take deep breaths of fresh air. I kept giving myself excuses to stop. No one would be disappointed. No one would even know. But I didnt stop. I wanted to keep going harder, better, faster, stronger. To my surprise, I ran 4.9 km in 31 min. When I got back, I had tears in my eyes. I did something I thought I could never do. It was the first run of my life. Since then, I have improved my stride(步幅) and time. After every run I feel fitter, happier and motivated to keep progressing. I love the runners high. I normally jog because I want to look good. I want to run because it makes me feel good.81. Why did the author feel guilty? (No more than 9 words) 82. What did the author fail to do miserably a few months ago? (No more than 11 words) 83. What excuses did the author keep giving herself to stop? (No more than 9 words) 84. How is running different from jogging to the author? (No more than 14 words) If you start each day desperately wishing for an extra hour in bed, the following is likely to leave you feeling even more bad-tempered. Scientists have identified a “sleepless elite(社会精英)”. Rather than being tired, bad-tempered under-achievers(差生), they are an energetic, outgoing and optimistic group who can happily and healthily get on by just four or five hours of shut-eye a night. If that were not annoying enough, they tend to be slim, able to keep two jobs at the same time, and breeze through(轻松完成) their extra-long days without needing caffeine or cat naps. Working out how the gene cuts sleep without any obvious impact on health could help in the design of drugs that will give us all a few extra hours in our day. The bad news is that while many of us get on by a few hours sleep a night, just 1 to 3 people in 100 qualify to be part of the sleepless elite. The research team is now appealing for members of the lucky group to come forward to allow their DNA to be studied. University of California researcher Ying-Hui Fu said, “My long-term goal is to someday learn enough so we can manipulate(控制) the sleep pathways without damaging our health. Everybody can use more waking hours, even if you just watch movies.” Many of those who have already volunteered share fascinating characteristics. They are thinner than average, relentlessly upbeat and seem to have a high tolerance for physical pain and psychological set-backs. Researcher Dr Christopher Jones told the Wall Street Journal, “Typically, at the end of a long-structured phone interview, they will admit they have been texting and surfing the Internet and doing crossword puzzles at the same time. All of them have no more than 6 hours of sleep.”81. Who is being appealed by the research team now? (No more than 6 words) 82. What is Ying-Hui Fus long-term goal? (No more than 14 words) 83. What do scientists think of the sleepless elite? (No more than 6 words) 84. What is the passage mainly about? (No more than 4 words) Keys:81. （Because he wanted ) To save up money and buy his own car.82. The manager particularly expected them to offer fast service with a friendly smile.83. Because he loves his co-workers and all the customers know who he is.84. (He learned) Teamwork, devotion and staying positive in rough situations.Tools that use electricity.n./动n.(短语)，n.性从句，句子 The hunting of the 1