罗马帝国-早期_盛期与晚期的建筑.ppt

1 罗马帝国 早期 盛期与晚期建筑TheRomanEmpire Early High LateArchitecture 3 TheEarlyEmpire 27B C 98C E UnderstandtheroleoftheColosseumandamphitheaterinRomanlife UnderstandthedevelopmentofRomanartandarchitectureastheempireexpandsanddevelops 4 Pont du Gard N mes France ca 16BCE 10 AerialviewoftheColosseum FlavianAmphitheater Rome Italy ca 70 80CE ovalshaped615 x510 outerwall 159 H topwallsupportedanawningforshade engagedcolumnsFrombottomtotop differentordersofarch Frombasictocomplex Hellenisticinfluence Tuscan plainorderongroundlevelIonic 2ndCorinthian 3rdCorinthianpilasters 4thAtticstoryhassmall squarewindowsthatalternatewithbronzecartouches shieldshapedornaments Colosseum mostofitwasdismantledduringMiddleAgesformarble metalfittingsandmaterialsforchurches Vaultedconstruction Thearch beginsduringFlaviandynastyaspartarchitecture partsculpturecelebratingaformalvictoryCommissionedbyemperorDomitiantohonorhisbrother TitusMadeofconcretebutfacedwithmarbleOriginallythebaseforastatueofa4horsechariotanddriverColumnsareintheCompositeorder THEARCHOFTITUS 24 ArchofTitus Rome Italy after81CE 25 SpoilsofJerusalem reliefpanelfromtheArchofTitus Rome Italy after81CE Marble 7 10 high TituscapturedJerusalemwhereJewswererevoltingRomansdestroyedtheSecondTempleinJerusalem carriedoffitssacredtreasuresanddisplayedtheminatriumphalprocessioninRomeUsedrelieftoshowsenseofspace 27 TriumphofTitus reliefpanelfromtheArchofTitus Rome Italy after81CE Marble 7 10 high 28 HighEmpire 96 192C E UnderstandthepoliticalnatureofRomanartandarchitecture especiallyasitcommunicatesideasofpowerfortheemperorandempire ExaminethearchitecturaldevelopmentoftheRomanforum themarkets thetriumphalarchesand inparticular thePantheon 29 ArtunderTrajaninSpain Africa Italy UnderstandthepoliticalnatureofRomanartandarchitecture especiallyasitcommunicatesideasofpowerfortheemperorandempire Examineartisticdevelopmentandformalchanges especiallyissuesofspaceandnarrationintheColumnofTrajan TrajanchoosesApollodorusofDamascustoredesigntheForum Rome scitycenter 30 Figure10 43APOLLODORUSOFDAMASCUS ForumofTrajan Rome Italy dedicated112CE JamesE PackerandJohnBurge 1 TempleofTrajan 2 ColumnofTrajan 3 libraries 4 BasilicaUlpia 5 forum 6 equestrianstatueofTrajan 1 2 3 3 4 6 5 31 ColumnofTrajan ForumofTrajan Rome Italy dedicated112CE marble Detail ColumofTrajan showsthemcrossingtheDanubeandbuildingafort propaganda LikeagiantscrollRefined pictoralnarrativeofDaciancampaigns102 103and105 106C E 2 500individualfigureswitharecurringTrajan 34 Figure10 47ArchofTrajan Benevento Italy ca 114 118CE 35 ArchitectureoftheHighEmpire ExaminethearchitecturaldevelopmentoftheRomanforum themarkets thetriumphalarchesand inparticular thePantheon ExploretheluxuriesofHadrian Pantheon Rome Italy 118 125CE 36 ReconstructiondrawingofthePantheon 39 Restoredcutawayview left andlateralsection right ofthePantheon Rome Italy 118 125CE 42 InteriorofthePantheon Rome Italy 118 125CE 44 LateEmpire 192 337C E UnderstandtheculturalinfluencesthatbringaboutchangesinRomanartandarchitectureintheLateEmpireperiod RelateaspectsofRomancultureandtheirinfluenceintoday slife Understandhowpower orderandlostindividualityareexpressedintheartoftheLateEmpire ExaminethechangesbroughtaboutintheartandarchitectureinthetimeofConstantine ConsidertheRomanEmpireasabridgebetweentheancientandmedievalandmodernworlds 45 ArchofConstantine southside Rome Italy 312 315CE HUGEarchnexttoColoseum dwarfstheArchofTitus3barrelvaultedarchAbstractstyleisremovedfromrealismofbeforeConstantine bridgetotheartoftheMiddleAges 49 DiscussionQuestions Whataresomeofthe