定语从句考点集汇.doc

定语从句考点集汇、讲解和训练一. 定语从句的功用和结构 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如：This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.Do you know everybody who came to the party?I still remember the night when I first came to the village?This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.二. 关系代词和关系副词的功用 关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词做主语，宾语，表语，定语，关系副词可作状语。1. 作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如： I dont like people who talk much but do little. The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.2. 作宾语：She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great Escape”.3作表语：He is no longer the man that/who/whom he used to be.4. 作定语 : 关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如：Whats the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.5. 作状语Ill never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.This is the house where I was born.三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语，宾语,表语。做主语时不可省，作宾语、表语时可省去。例如：Do you know the teacher who teaches our English?2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，表语，可省去。例如：Do you know the young man （whom） we met at the gate？Mr. Lee （whom） you want to see has come.3. whose 指人、物，在定语从句中作定语。例如：The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语、表语。做主语时不可省，作宾语、表语时可省去。例如：A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.5. that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语、表语。做主语时不可省，作宾语、表语时可省去。例如：Ive read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?6. when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。例如：Ill never forget the time when we worked on the farm.7. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。例如：This is the house where we lived last year.8Why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语。例如：I dont the reason why he was late for school this morning.四. 关系代词 whom， which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，如：That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. = That was the room （which） we had lived in for ten years. 五. 具体使用时还要注意下列问题： that 和which 都可以修饰表示物的先行词, 但是下列情况只能用that.（注意that不可引导非限制性定语从句）. 先行词为不定冠词all, few, little, much, everything, nothing ,anything等.All (that) you have to do is to practise every day.All that he said is true.There isnt much (that) I can do. 先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时.The first lesson (that) I learned will never be forgotten.This is the best film (that ) I have ever seen.This is the best book that I have read this year. 先行词被all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等不定代词修饰时.I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same 等修饰时.The white flower is the only one that I really like.This is the very book that I want to read.This is the same book that I want to read. (同一本书)-This is the same book as I want to read. 当主句以who或 which 开头的特殊疑问句时,定语从句that 引导.Who is the man that is standing there ?Which of us that knows something about physics doesnt know this ?先行词既有人又有物时。We talked about the persons and things that we could remember. time做先行词，前面如果有序数词或 last 来修饰时，定语从句用 that 来引导或省略；如果没有序数词或 last 来修饰时，既可用 when 也可用that来引导。This is the last time ( that ) I shall give you a lesson.The first time ( that ) I saw him was in 1972.Its time ( that ) we got up.【中考范例】1. (2004年哈尔滨) -Does the teacher know everybody _ planted the trees? -Yes, he does. A. which B. whose C. where D. who2. (2004年常州市) The letter _ I received from him yesterday is very important. A. who B. where C. what D. that3. (2004年扬州市) -Where is the scientist _ gave us the talk yesterday? -He has gone back to Qinghua University. A. whom B. who C. whose D. which4. (2004年益阳市) I hate people _ talk much but do little. A. whose B. whom C. which D. who5. (2008 河北) This is the dictionary _ Mum give me for my birthday.A. which B. what C. whose D. whom6. (2008 广东) I have bought the camera _ was advertised on TV.A. what B. why C. which D. who7. (2008哈尔滨) If a bag is filled with books and pens, it must belong to someone _ works hand.A. Which B. / C. whom D. who 8.(2008福州) - Do you know the girl _ is standing under the tree?- She is my little sister.A. who B. whom C. whose D. which9.(2008河南) Shaolin Temple _ lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad.A. where B. which C. who D. what10.(2008吉林) This is the question _ we are talking about now.A. that B. who C. where D. when11.(2008绍兴) Even teachers cant understand some expressions _ their students use in daily life.A. whose B. who C. that D. whom12.(2008 襄樊|) I like writers _ write about stories.A. which B. what C. whom D. who13.(2008 辽宁) That is the man _ saved ten children in the earthquake.A. who B. which C. where D. what14.(2008 宜昌) - What do you think of the book A Haw Tree was written by a woman writer? A. when B. that C. who D. where满分演练】一. 单项填空1. -Who is the man _ was talking to our English teacher? -Oh! Its Mr. Baker, our maths teacher. A. he B. that C. whom D. which2. I hate the people _ dont help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. where3. The foreigner _ visited our school is from Canada. A. which B. when C. who D. whom4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which5. This is the place _I have ever visited. A. there B. when C. where D. which6. Nobody knows the reason _ she didnt come to the meeting. A. that B. which C. why D. when7. The moon is a world _ there is no life. A. that B. which C. where D. why8. He has forgotten the day _ he arrived. A. when B. where C. that D. which9. He still remembers the days _ he spent with your family. A. when B. where C. that D. on which10. Mr. White, _ car had been stolen, came to the policeman. A. who B. that C. whose D. which11. He got to the village _ his family once lived before liberation. A. that B. which C. when D. where12. This is the house _ I want to buy. A. in which B. that C. whose D. where13. This is the house _ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked. A. which B. that C. when D. where14. He didnt tell me the place _ he was born. A. that B. which C. when D. where15. He lived in a small village, _ was a long way from the railway station. A. that B. which C. where D. when二. 用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句1. The boy is my younger brother. He was here a minute ago.-2. The old man is a professor. He teaches chemistry in a college.-3. Beijing Hotel is near TianAn Men Square. The foreign visitors live there.-4. The woman is here now. You were talking about her.-5. This is the hall. We listened to the report in it the other day.-6. The car was going 90 miles an hour. The car just passed us.-7. The man waved to us. The man was my uncle-8. I enjoyed reading the book. You gave me a book last week.-9. I prefer the subject. The subject is science.-10. I spoke to the man. The man is a professor.-三. 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1. The house _ we live in is very big.2. The boy _ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.3. This is the present _ he gave me for my birthday.4. The man _ talked to you just now is an engineer.5. He talked about the teachers and schools _ he had visited.6. There is nothing in the world _ can frighten him.7. She wears a gold ring, _ is very uncommon in our class.8. We visited a factory _ makes toys for children.9. Is this the place _ your father once lived?10. Ill never forget the days _ I joined the League.11. Do you know the lady _ is standing under the tree?12. The boy _ gave me the raincoat just now is my brother.13. This is the girl _ friends often come to see me.14. I live in the building _ is very near here.15. She is not like the girl _ she used to be.16. Any student _ finishes his test early should check his paper.17. On Mei Meis way home she saw the person _ her teacher always spoke of.18. He laughs best _ laughs last.19. All _ you have to do is to study hard.20. I like my hometown _ I was born.定语从句 ：家庭作业1. This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday. A. that B. whoC. whomD. this2. Is this the factory _ _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the oneB. whichC. whoD. whom3. The lesson we studied yesterday was hard to understand. A.that B.whose C.when D.who4. Is this the shop _ _ sells childrens clothing? A. whichB. whereC. in whichD. what5、They work in a factory makes radio parts. A.where B.when C.which D.why6. The hotel _ _ during our holidays stands by the seaside.A.we stayed at B. where we stayed at C. we stayed D. in that we stayed7. Please show me the book _ you bought yesterday. A. whichB. whomC. whoseD. this8、A plane is a machine can fly.(改错)9、The hospital was built five years ago has been modernized A. that B. whoseC. which D. A and C10、The film we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting. A.that B.who C.when D.whom11. The man _ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. whomB. whichC. whoD. /12. The girl _ an English song in the next room is Toms sister.A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing13、Those that want to go put up your hands.(改错)14. The girl _ you saw in the street is Mary.15、The man came yesterday is our English teacher.(改错)16、The students are playing football on the playground are of Class Two .(改错)17、This is the professor taught me chemistry in 1980 .18、Do you know the student was praised at the meeting?19、Those want to go to the computer room write your names here.20.你在会上看到的那个女孩是个出名的游泳运动员。 The girl you saw at the meeting is a well-known swimmer. (填空)21. The man _ was here just now is a doctor. A. whom B. whoC. /D. he22.昨天在动物园我和他说话的那个人是一位工程师，我父亲的一个朋友 The man I spoke to in the zoo yesterday is an engineer, a friend of my father”s. (填空)23. This is the school _ Mr. Smith once taught. A. in that B. whenC. whereD. there24. I still remember the sitting-room _ my mother and I used to sit in the evening. A. whatB. whichC. that D. where25. Have you visited the house _ the famous scientist was born? A. whereB. in thatC. thatD. which26、They work in a factory radio parts are made.27. Who can think of a situation _ this idiom can be used?A. which B. that C. where D. in that28. The factory _ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week. A. whenB. whereC. thatD. which29、This is the room which food is kept. (改错)30、We shall visit the college where his father teaches there.(改错)31、Do you still remember the day _ we first met?A.when B.that C.where D. which 32. 1949 was the year new China was born. A. thatB. whenC. whatD. on that33. October 1,1949 was the day _ the Peoples Republic of China was founded. A. whichB. whenC. whereD. in which34、1949 is the year the Peoples Republic o