学习Opencv课后习题答案1-9章.docx

学习Opencv课后习题答案2.1 利用Microsoft Visual Studio 2010打开D:OpenCV2.1VS2010 OpenCV.sln文件，如图1示。在“Solution Configuration”下选择“Debug”模式，右击解决方案，选择“Build Solution”进行编译，编译结束后结果显示如图2示。再次右击文件“INSTALL”，选择“Rebuild Solution”进行再编译，编译后结果显示如图3示。同理，“Release”模式和“Debug”模式操作相同（示图略）。这样就产生了“Debug”和“Release”两个版本的库文件。图1 载入解决方案OpenCV.sln图2 编译解决方案图3 再编译INSTALL2.2创建工程：Move实验，导入文件lkdemo.c，如图4示。在PC机上安装摄像头，编译工程，运行程序如图5示。键入“r”后显示图像如图6示；键入“n”后显示图像如图7示。图4 创建工程图5 运行程序结果显示图6 跟踪初始化显示图7 夜间模式跟踪2.3 #include cv.h#include highgui.hIplImage *DoPyDown(IplImage *in,int fliter = IPL_GAUSSIAN_5x5);main(int argc, char *argv)CvCapture * capture = 0;/创建窗口,显示缩放前的文件cvNamedWindow(AVI_Example,1);/创建窗口，显示缩放后的文件cvNamedWindow(AVI_After);/选择是从摄像头中读取还是从文件中读取if(argc=1)capture = cvCreateCameraCapture(0); else capture = cvCreateFileCapture(m.avi);assert(capture!=NULL);/和下一句if作用相同if (!capture)return -1;IplImage* bgr_frame = cvQueryFrame(capture); double fps = cvGetCaptureProperty(capture,CV_CAP_PROP_FPS); /得到要写入视频的宽高数据CvSize size = cvSize(int)cvGetCaptureProperty(capture, CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH)/2,(int)cvGetCaptureProperty(capture, CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT)/2);/下一句创建一个写入设备以便将视频流写入视频文件CvVideoWriter* writer = cvCreateVideoWriter(lgc.avi,-1,fps,size);IplImage* OutImage; IplImage* logpolar_frame = cvCreateImage(size,IPL_DEPTH_8U,3); /判断逐帧读取是否为空(是否读完)while(bgr_frame=cvQueryFrame(capture)!=NULL) /对视频进行转换，用此函数后录制的文件变形 cvLogPolar(bgr_frame, logpolar_frame, cvPoint2D32f(bgr_frame-width/2,bgr_frame-height/2), 40,CV_INTER_LINEAR+CV_WARP_FILL_OUTLIERS ); OutImage = DoPyDown(bgr_frame);/对图像进行翻转cvConvertImage(OutImage,OutImage,CV_CVTIMG_FLIP);/将处理后的视频写入文件cvWriteFrame(writer,OutImage); /显示视频cvShowImage(AVI_Example,bgr_frame);/显示缩放后的视频cvShowImage(AVI_After,OutImage/*logpolar_frame*/);/等待键盘事件char c=cvWaitKey(1);if (27=c)break;/释放资源cvReleaseVideoWriter(&writer); cvReleaseImage(&bgr_frame);cvReleaseImage(&OutImage);cvReleaseCapture(&capture); /销毁窗口cvDestroyWindow(AVI_Example);return(0);/自定义函数的实现IplImage *DoPyDown(IplImage *in,int fliter/* = IPL_GAUSSIAN_5x5*/)IplImage *out=cvCreateImage(cvSize(in-width/2,in-height/2),in-depth,in-nChannels);cvPyrDown(in,out,IPL_GAUSSIAN_5x5);return (out);3.1 #include stdio.h#include cxcore.h#include cv.h#include cxtypes.h/连接lib文件#pragma comment(lib,cv.lib)#pragma comment(lib,cvcam.lib)#pragma comment(lib,cxcore.lib)#pragma comment(lib,highgui.lib)int main(int argc,char*argv)printf(* a:给定一个负数，求其绝对值，四舍五入之后，求其极值n); double fushu = -12.6345;printf(给定的数:%fn,fushu); double f=fabs(fushu);printf(其绝对值:%fn,f); /四舍五入之后：cvRound()函数， int m = cvRound(f);printf(四舍五入之后:%dn,m); printf(n* b:产生一些随机数:n);int rng; CvRNG rng = cvRNG();for (int i=0;i50;i+)/调用cvRandInt()函数，产生随机数printf(%d ,(uchar)cvRandInt(&rng);printf(n);/* c Cvpoint2D32f类型到 CvPoint 类型的转换printf(n* c: Cvpoint2D32f 类型到 CvPoint 类型的转换:n); CvPoint2D32f cpf;cpf=cvPoint2D32f(34.23564423,64.2545656);printf(%f,%fn,cpf.x,cpf.y); CvPoint cp=cvPointFrom32f(cpf);printf(%d,%dn,cp.x,cp.y);/* d CvPoint 类型到 CvPoint2D32f类型的转换printf(n* d:CvPoint类型到 CvPoint2D32f类型的转换:n);/定义CvPoint类型变量并调用构造函数初始化CvPoint point=cvPoint(234,53);printf(转换前的数据:%d,%dn,point.x,point.y); /把CvPoint类型转换为CvPoint2D32f类型:cvPointTo2D32f函数CvPoint2D32f cpoint=cvPointTo32f(point);printf(转换后的数据:%f,%fnn,cpoint.x,cpoint.y);return 0;3.2 源代码如下：#include #include int main()/IplImage* srcImg = NULL;CvMat* srcMat = cvCreateMat(100, 100, CV_8UC3);/100*100 3通道字节型cvSetZero(srcMat);/清零 CvPoint cirPoint = cvPoint(50, 50);/圆心int radius = 40;/半径CvScalar cirColor = cvScalar(255, 0,0 );/蓝色cvCircle(srcMat, cirPoint, radius, cirColor);/画圆cvNamedWindow(Exam302);cvShowImage(Exam302, (IplImage*)srcMat);cvWaitKey(0);cvReleaseMat(&srcMat);cvDestroyWindow(Exam302); return 0;编译运行结果如图8示。图8 绘制图形3.3源代码如下：#include #include int main()CvMat* srcMat = cvCreateMat(100, 100, CV_8UC3);/100*100cvZero(srcMat);cvRectangle(IplImage*)srcMat, cvPoint(20, 5), cvPoint(40, 20), cvScalar(0, 255, 0);cvNamedWindow(Rectangle);cvShowImage(Rectangle, srcMat);cvWaitKey(0);cvReleaseMat(&srcMat);cvDestroyWindow(Rectangle);return 0;编译运行结果如图9示。图9 绘制矩形3.5源代码如下：#include cv.h#include highgui.hint main()IplImage* single_img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(210, 210), 8, 1);/210*210 单通道cvZero(single_img);int Width = 210, Height = 210;int maxPixel =200;int value = 0;int i, j;for(i = 0, j = 0; i = Width, j = Height;)/for(i = 0; i = Width;)/cvSetImageROI(single_img, cvRect(i, j, Width - i, Height - j);/set the ROI of the single_img/cvSetImageROI(single_img, cvRect(0, 0, Width, Height);cvSet(single_img, cvScalar(value, 0, 0);value += 20;cvResetImageROI(single_img);/i += 10;/边界都为10个像素宽度j += 10;if(value = maxPixel)/超过最大像素值200时，退出break;cvNamedWindow(ROI, 0);cvShowImage(ROI, single_img);cvWaitKey(0);cvDestroyWindow(ROI);cvReleaseImage(&single_img);return 0;编译运行结果如图10示。图10 ROI3.7 源代码如下：#include #include int main()char* filePath = D:/图片库/Baboon.jpg;IplImage* srcImg = cvLoadImage(filePath);/load the imageif(!srcImg)printf(cannot open the file.n);return -1; IplImage* rImg = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(srcImg), srcImg-depth, 1);IplImage* gImg = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(srcImg), srcImg-depth, 1);IplImage* bImg = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(srcImg), srcImg-depth, 1);/创建单通道r,g,b图像 IplImage* clone1 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(srcImg), srcImg-depth, 1);IplImage* clone2 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(srcImg), srcImg-depth, 1); double green_maxPixel = 0;double green_minPixel = 0;/绿色平面最大最小值double thresh;/阈值thresh cvSplit(srcImg, rImg, gImg, bImg, 0);/拆分3通道 /-a小题 -cvNamedWindow(GreenImage0);cvShowImage(GreenImage0, gImg); /-b小题-cvCopy(gImg, clone1);cvCopy(gImg, clone2);/copy the gImg to clone1 and clone2 /-c小题求绿色平面最大最小值-cvMinMaxLoc(gImg, &green_maxPixel, &green_minPixel);/-d小题- thresh = (unsigned char)(green_maxPixel - green_minPixel) / 2.0;cvSet(clone1, cvScalar(thresh); /-e小题-cvZero(clone2);cvCmp(gImg, clone1, clone2, CV_CMP_GE);/-f小题-cvSubS(gImg, cvScalar(thresh / 2), gImg, clone2); cvNamedWindow(GreenImage1);cvShowImage(GreenImage1, gImg); cvWaitKey(0);cvReleaseImage(&srcImg);cvReleaseImage(&rImg);cvReleaseImage(&gImg);cvReleaseImage(&bImg); cvDestroyWindow(GreenImage0);cvDestroyWindow(GreenImage1); return 0;编译运行结果如图11示。图11注：本实验环境在Microsoft Visual C+2010，Opencv2.2下完成第三章1.a.abs() cvRound() cvFloor() cvCeil()b.cvRNG() cvRandInt() cvRandReal()c.cvPointFrom32f()d.cvPointTo32f()2.#include #include #include int main(int argc, char* argv)IplImage *img; img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(200,200),IPL_DEPTH_8U,3);cvZero(img);cvCircle(img,cvPoint(50,50),50,cvScalar(255,0,0),1);cvNamedWindow( Source, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );cvShowImage( Source, img );cvWaitKey();return 0;3.#include #include #include int main(int argc, char* argv)IplImage *img; img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(200,200),IPL_DEPTH_8U,3);cvZero(img);uchar* pData = cvPtr2D(img,1,0,NULL);cvRectangle(img,cvPoint(20,5),cvPoint(40,20),CV_RGB(0,255,0),1);cvNamedWindow( Source, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );cvShowImage( Source, img );cvWaitKey();return 0;4.#include #include #include int main(int argc, char* argv)IplImage *img; img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(200,200),IPL_DEPTH_8U,3);cvZero(img);for (int y=5;yimageData + y*img-widthStep); for (int x=20;x40;x+) ptr3*x = 255; ptr3*x + 1 = 0; ptr3*x + 2 = 0; cvNamedWindow( Source, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );cvShowImage( Source, img );cvWaitKey();return 0;5.#include #include #include int main(int argc, char* argv)IplImage *img; img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(210,210),IPL_DEPTH_8U,1);cvZero(img);int interset_x = 0;int interset_y = 0;int offset_x = img-width;int offset_y = img-height;int add = 0;int res =0;BOOL condition = TRUE;while(add200) cvSetImageROI(img,cvRect(interset_x,interset_y,offset_x,offset_y); if (condition) cvSet(img,cvScalar(0); condition = FALSE; else cvSet(img,cvScalar(add); condition = TRUE; cvResetImageROI(img); add = add+20; interset_x = interset_x +10; interset_y = interset_y +10; offset_x = offset_x -20; offset_y = offset_y -20;cvNamedWindow( Source, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );cvShowImage( Source, img );cvWaitKey();return 0;6.#include #include #include int main(int argc, char* argv)IplImage *img; img = cvLoadImage(lena.bmp,1);IplImage* dst1 = cvCreateImageHeader(cvSize(20,30),img-depth,img-nChannels);IplImage* dst2 = cvCreateImageHeader(cvSize(20,30),img-depth,img-nChannels);dst1-origin = img-origin;dst2-origin = img-origin;dst1-widthStep = img-widthStep;dst2-widthStep = img-widthStep;dst1-imageData = img-imageData+10*img-widthStep+5*img-nChannels;dst2-imageData = img-imageData+60*img-widthStep+50*img-nChannels;cvNot(dst1,dst1);cvNot(dst2,dst2);cvNamedWindow( Source, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );cvShowImage( Source, img );cvWaitKey();cvReleaseImageHeader(&dst1);cvReleaseImageHeader(&dst2);return 0;7.#include #include #include int main(int argc, char* argv)IplImage *img;IplImage *clone1,*clone2;img = cvLoadImage(lena.bmp,1);IplImage* dst = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(img),img-depth,1);cvSplit( img, dst, 0, 0, 0 ); clone1 = cvCloneImage(dst);clone2 = cvCloneImage(dst);double max,min;cvMinMaxLoc(dst,&min,&max);double thresh = (max-min)/2;cvSet(clone1,cvScalar(thresh);cvZero(clone2);cvCmp(dst,clone1,clone2,CV_CMP_GE);cvSubS(dst,cvScalar(thresh/2),dst,clone2);cvNamedWindow( Source, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );cvShowImage( Source, dst );cvWaitKey();cvReleaseImage(&dst);return 0;8.#include #include #include struct my_structint Value;CvPoint point;CvRect rect;void write_my_struct(CvFileStorage* fs,const char* name,my_struct* ms)cvWriteInt(fs,name,ms-Value);cvStartWriteStruct(fs,name,CV_NODE_SEQ);cvWriteInt(fs,0,ms-point.x);cvWriteInt(fs,0,ms-point.y);cvEndWriteStruct(fs);cvStartWriteStruct(fs,name,CV_NODE_SEQ);cvWriteInt(fs,0,ms-rect.x);cvWriteInt(fs,0,ms-rect.y);cvWriteInt(fs,0,ms-rect.width);cvWriteInt(fs,0,ms-rect.height);cvEndWriteStruct(fs);void read_my_struct(CvFileStorage* fs,CvFileNode* ms_node,my_struct* ms)int value = cvReadIntByName(fs,0,Value,5);CvSeq* s = cvGetFileNodeByName(fs,0,point)-data.seq;int point_x = cvReadInt(CvFileNode*)cvGetSeqElem(s,0);int point_y = cvReadInt(CvFileNode*)cvGetSeqElem(s,1);int main(int argc, char* argv)CvFileStorage* fs = cvOpenFileStorage( cfg.xml, 0, CV_STORAGE_WRITE );my_struct ms = 10,cvPoint(10,20),cvRect(0,0,20,50); write_my_struct(fs,struct,&ms);cvReleaseFileStorage(&fs);return 0;生成的cfg.xml文件 - 10 10 20 0 0 20 50 4.3 #include #include #include CvRect g_rect;bool g_isdown;void my_callback(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void* param);/将image图像的rect区域部分做加亮处理void high_light(IplImage *image,CvRect rect);/对选中的部分绘制直方图void Draw_hist(IplImage* img,CvRect Rect);int main()IplImage *orginal_image=cvLoadImage(fruits.jpg);assert(orginal_image!=NULL);IplImage *temp_image=cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(orginal_image),orginal_image-depth, orginal_image-nChannels);assert(temp_image!=NULL);cvNamedWindow(Show);cvSetMouseCallback(Show,my_callback,(void*)temp_image);while (1)IplImage *temp_image= cvCloneImage(orginal_image);if (true=g_isdown)high_light(temp_image,g_rect);Draw_hist(temp_image,g_rect);elsehigh_light(temp_image,g_rect);Draw_hist(temp_image,g_rect);cvShowImage(Show,temp_image);if (27=cvWaitKey(30)break;cvDestroyAllWindows();return 0;void my_callback(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void* param)IplImage *image=(IplImage*)(param);switch (event)case CV_EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN :g_isdown=true;g_rect=cvRect(x,y,0,0); break;case CV_EVENT_MOUSEMOVE:if (true=g_isdown)g_rect.width=x-g_rect.x;g_rect.height=y-g_rect.y;break;case CV_EVENT_LBUTTONUP :g_isdown=false;if (g_rect.width0)g_rect.x=g_rect.x+g_rect.width;g_rect.width*=-1;if (g_rect.height0)g_rect.y=g_rect.y+g_rect.height;g_rect.height*=-1;high_light(image,g_rect);Draw_hist(image,g_rect); break;/将图像进行加亮处理void high_light(IplImage *image,CvRect rect)assert(image!=NULL);int row,col;for (row=rect.y;rowimageData+row*image-widthStep);for (col=rect.x;col=image-height-1) row=image-height; /对选中的区域绘制直方图void Draw_hist(IplImage* img,CvRect Rect)if (Rect.x=0|Rect.y=0|Rect.width=0|Rect.height=0)return;cvSetImageROI(img,Rect);IplImage* hsv = cvCreateImage(/*cvSize(Rect.width ,Rect.height)*/cvGetSize(img), 8, 3 );IplImage* h_plane = cvCreateImage(/*cvSize(Rect.width ,Rect.height)*/cvGetSize(img), 8, 1 );IplImage* s_plane = cvCreateImage( cvSize(Rect.width ,Rect.height), 8, 1 );IplImage* v_plane = cvCreateImage( cvSize(Rect.width ,Rect.height), 8, 1 );IplImage* planes = h_plane, s_plane ;int h_bins = 16, s_bins = 8;int hist_size = h_bins, s_bins;float h_ranges = 0, 180 ; float s_ranges = 0, 255 ;float* ranges = h_ranges, s_ranges ;cvCvtColor( img, hsv, CV_BGR2HSV );cvResetImageROI(img);cvCvtPixToPlane( hsv, h_plane, s_plane, v_plane, 0 ); CvHistogram * hist = cvCreateHist( 2, hist_size, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges, 1 );cvCalcHist( planes, hist, 0, 0 );float max_value;cvGetMinMaxHistValue( hist, 0, &max_value, 0, 0 );int height = 480;int width = (h_bins*s_bins*6);IplImage* hist_img = cvCreateImage( cvSize(width,height), 8, 3 );cvZero( hist_img );IplImage * hsv_color = cvCreateImage(cvSize(1,1),8,3);IplImage * rgb_color = cvCreateImage(cvSize(1,1),8,3);int bin_w = width / (h_bins * s_bins);for(int h = 0; h h_bins; h+)for(int s = 0; s s_bins; s+)int i = h*s_bins + s;/* 获得直方图中的统计次数，计算显示在图像中的高度 */float bin_val = cvQueryHistValue_2D( hist, h, s );int intensity = cvRound(bin_val*height/max_value);/* 获得当前直方图代表的颜色，转换成RGB用于绘制 */cvSet2D(hsv_color,0,0,cvScalar(h*180.f / h_bins,s*255.f/s_bins,255,0);cvCvtColor(hsv_color,rgb_color,CV_HSV2BGR);CvScalar color = cvGet2D(rgb_color,0,0);cvRectangle( hist_img, cvPoint(i*bin_w,height),cvPoint(i+1)*bin_w,height - intensity),color, -1, 8, 0 );cvNamedWindow( H-S Histogram, 1 );cvShowImage( H-S Histogram, hist_img );4.4#include #include #includeint g_slider_position=0;CvCapture *g_capture=NULL;int i=0;int g_slider_position1=0;bool t=true;void onTrackbarSlide(int pos)cvSetCaptureProperty(g_capture,CV_CAP_PROP_POS_FRAMES,pos); i=pos;void switch_callback(int position)if(position = 0)t=true;elset=false;int main()cvNamedWindow(Video,CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); g_capture=cvCaptureFromFile(D:/c6opencv/SDC14186.avi);int frames=(int)cvGetCaptureProperty(g_capture,CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT);if(frames!=0)cvCreateTrackbar(Position,Video,&g_slider_position,frames,onTrackbarSlide);cvCreateTrackbar(Position1,Video,&g_slider_position1,1,switch_callback);else printf(read video wrong);cvSetTrackbarPos(Position,Video,1);cvSetTrackbarPos(Position1,Video,0); IplImage *frame;