词汇学复习题1-10章.doc

座右铭：认认真真做事，踏踏实实育人；不讲求宏大，只注重实效；你成功，我自豪！英语词汇学（110章）第一章自测试题I .Each of the statements below is followed by four alterna-tive answers. Choose the one that would best complete the state-ment.1. English lexicology embraces morphology, semantics, etymolo-gy, stylistics and A. linguistics B. pragmatics C. lexicography D. phonology 2. is the most important of all features that may dif-ferentiate words of common use from all others. A. productivity B. stability C. collocability D. all national character 3. Nonbasic vocabulary includes all of the following except A. terminology B. Anglo-Saxon words C. argots D. neologisms4. As far as the origins of the words are concerned, English words can be classified into A. content words and functional words B. native words and borrowed words C. basic words and dialectal words D. loan words and dialectal words5. Loan words include A. aliens, semantic loans, translation-loans and denizens B. empty words, notional words, form words and content words C. blends, pormanteau words, acronyms and initialisms D. aliens, compounds, converted words and clipped words6. Besides the obvious characteristics of basic vocabulary, native words have two other features: A. polysemy and stability B. neutral in style and frequent in use C. all national character and frequent in use D. collocability and neutral in style7. The word beauty ( which means excellent, great ) is A. a dialectal word B. argot C. an archaism D. slang8. When persuader means dagger, it is used as A. jargon B. argot C. an archaism D. a neologism9. AIDS as a nonbasic word is A.jargon B. an archaism C. a neologism D. slang10. wilt which means will is an example of A. argot B. slang C. archaism D. neologism11. Form words include the following word classes except A. conjunctions B. auxiliaries C. prepositions D. adjectives 12. There are generally two approaches to the study of words, namely synchronic and A. dynamic B. paradigmatic C. diachronic D. syntagmatic13. Vocabulary can refer to the following except A. the total number of the words in a language B. all the words used in a particular historical period C. all the words of a given dialect D. all the words of an article14. kimono is a loan word from A. German B. French C. Spanish D. Japanese15. form the mainstream of the basic word stock and stand at the core of the English language. A.Anglo-Saxon words B. French words C. Danish words D. Latin words 16. When the English word fresh means impertinent, sassy, cheeky under the influence of the German word frech, we say fresh is A. an alien B. a semantic loan C. a denizen D. a translation loan17. black humour from humour noir (F) is A. a translation loan B. a semantic loan C. a denizen D. an alien18. cup from cuppa (L)is A. a denizen B. a semantic loan C. an alien D. a translation loan19. When dough and bread mean money, the two words are A. argot B. dialectal words C. slang words D. neologisms20. ballpark figures , which means estimate , is A. terminology B. jargon C. slang D. argot21. Pronouns and numerals are semantically and have limited A. polysemous; use and stability B. monosemous; collocability and stability C. polysemous; use and productivity D. monosemous productivity and collocability22. u is changed to o when it comes before m, n, orv .The reason for the change is that A. pronunciation changes more rapidly than spelling B. early scribes did not want to mix up u and the two let-ters, m and n C.loan words are assimilated D. m and n look alike 23. stimulus in English is a A. native word B. borrowed word C. slang word D. dialectal word 24. “indigestion” is A. jargon B. slang C. terminology D. an archaism 25. skirt is A. a basic word B. a Danish word C. a slang word D. both A and B 26. By , words fall into functional words and content words. A. use frequency B. notion C. origin D. word formation27. The symbolic connection between-sound and meaning is al-most always A. motivated B. arbitrary C. logical D. unconventional28. are loan words that have naturalized or assimilated in English. A. Denizens B. Semantic-loans C. Translation-loans D. Aliens29. smoky, which means police, is a/an word. A. slang B. argot C. loan D. jargon30. wherein which means in what is a/an word. A. slang B. archaic C. functional D. both B and DII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.1. Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and of words. 2. is the branch of grammar which studies the struc-ture or forms of words, primarily through the use of morpheme con-struct. 3. Etymology is traditionally used for the study of the origins and of the form and meaning of words. 4. Semantics is the study of meanings of different linguistic lev-els: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc. But lexicology will focus on the level. 5. Stylistics is concerned with the users of linguistic elements in a particular context for special effects. 6.Lexicography shares with lexicology, the same problems: the , meaning, origins and usages of words. 7 .The word wife is evolved from the Old English word wif, meaning , but later it became specialized in the course of development to the modern meaning a married woman. 8. A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and function. 9. In spite of the differences between sound and form, at least percent of the English words fit consistent spelling patterns.10.All the words in a language make up its 11. The word stock is the foundation of the vocabulary accumulated over centuries and forms the common core of the lan-guage. 12. By use frequency, under is a word. 13. By , begin is a native word. 14. words include cant, jargon and argot. 15.There is no relationship between the sound which stands for a thing or an idea and the actual thing and idea itself. 16.The lexical words are in the sense that their mem-bership is not stable, and new items are continually being coined and some old items become obsolete. 17. are the basic units of sentences. 18. A word is a minimal from of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function. 19. Stability of the basic word stock is only 20. The majority of the loan words in English are from III. Match the words in Column A with those in Column B according to classification of words. A B 1. auld ( = old) A. archaism 2. Roger( = understand) B. basic word 3. futurology C. dialectal word 4. brethren D. alien 5. masterpiece E. semantic-loan 6. to F. translation loan 7. algebra G. jargon 8. emir H. neologism 9. dumb ( = stupid) I. terminology 10. buster( = bomb) J. slang IV. Define the following terms. 1. word 2. terminology 3. jargon 4. slang 5. argot 6. dialectal words 7. archaisms 8. neologisms 9. notional words 10. empty words 11. native words 12. borrowed words 13. denizens 14. aliens 15. translation-loans 16. semantic-loans 17. vocabulary V. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. 1. What is the relationship between sound and meaning? 2. What accounts for the differences between sound and form? 3. How are words classified? 4.What are the characteristics of the basic word stock?参考答案I .Each of the statements below is followed by four alterna-tive answers. Choose the one that would best complete the state-ment. 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. C 11. D 12. C 13. D 14. D 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. DII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. 1. meanings 2. Morphology 3. history 4. lexical 5. choices 6. form 7. woman 8. syntactic 9. 80 (eighty) 10. vocabulary 11. basic 12. basic 13. origin 14. In-group 15. logical 16. open 17. Words 18. free 19. relative 20. FrenchIII .Match the words in Column A with those in Column B according to classification of words. 1.C 2.J 3.H 4.A 5.F 6.B 7.I 8.D 9.E 10.GIV. Define the following terms. 1. A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function. 2. Terminology consists of technical terms used in particular dis-ciplines and academic areas. 3. Jargon refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades and professions communicate among themselves. 4. Slang refers to sub-standard or non-standard language, which includes general words with special meanings used in informal situ-ations. 5. Argot generally refers to the jargon of criminals. Its use is con-fined to the sub-cultural groups, and outsiders can hardly understand it. 6. Dialectal words are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question. 7. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in common use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use. 8. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on new meanings. 9. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as no-tional words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs. 10. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, they are also called empty words. They mainly include prepositions, articles, pronouns, conjunctions. 11. Native words are words of Anglo-Saxon origin. 12. Words taken over from foreign languages are known as bor-rowed words or loan words or borrowings in simple terms. 13 .Denizens are words borrowed early in the past and now are well assimilated into the English language. In other words they have come to conform to the English way of pronunciation and spelling. 14. Aliens are borrowed words which have retained their original pronunciation and spelling. They are unassimilated foreign words. 15 .Translation-loans are words and expressions formed from the existing material in the English language but modelled on the patterns taken from another language. 16 .Semantic-loans are words whose meanings are borrowed. 17 .All the words in a language make up its vocabulary. Vocabu-lary can also refer to the total number of the words in a language, all the words in a particular historical period, all the words of a given dia-lect, a given book, a given discipline and the words possessed by an individual person.V. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. 1 .The relationship is almost always arbitrary, and conventional and there is no logical connection between the sound and the mean-ing. 2. There are four major reasons. The internal reason for this is that the English alphabet was adopted from the Romans, which does not have a separate letter to represent each sound in the language so that some letters must do double duty or work together in the combina-tion. Another reason is that the pronunciation has changed more rapid-ly than spelling over the years, thus leading to differences. A third reason is that some of the differences were created by the early scribes. The fourth reason is borrowing. 3. Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabu-lary by use frequency, into content words and functional words by no-tion, and into native words and borrowed words by origin. 4. All national character. Stability. Productivity. Polyse-my.Collocability.第二章I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1. The following languages are all Germanic except A. Dutch B. Flemish C. Norwegian D. Spanish2. The early inhabitants of the British Isles spoke A. English B. Celtic C. Scandinavian D. Hellenic3. Words such as crag, bin and Avon are from A. Latin B. Greek C. Celtic D. Anglo-Saxon4. The Indo-European is made up of most of the languages of Europe, A. the Far East and the Near East B. the Far East and the Middle East C. the Near East and India D. India and North Africa5. The prehistoric Indo-European parent language is thought to be a/an language. A. analytic B. inflected C. isolating D. agglutinative6. belong to the Western set of the Indo-European language family. A. Hellenic, Germanic, Hindi and Celtic B. Germanic, Persian, Albanian and Indo-Iranian C. Celtic, Germanic, Hellenic and Italic D. Scandinavian, Germanic, Albanian and Armenian7. In the Western set of the Indo-European language family, Greek is the modern language derived from A. Hellenic B. Scandinavian C. Italic D. Celtic8. In the Celtic, we find , etc. A. Scottish, Welsh, Irish, Icelandic B. Irish, Scottish, Welsh, Breton C. Flemish, Scottish, Breton, Dutch D. Norwegian, Irish, Breton, Welsh9. Anglo-Saxon dominated and almost totally blotted out in Old English period. A. Scandinavian B. Swedish C. Sanskrit D. Celtic10. Old English is a highly language just like modern German. A. agglutinative B. analytic C. isolating D. inflected11. As a basic word, father is borrowed from A. Scandinavian B. Greek C. French D. Latin12. The Norman Conquest started a continual flow of words into English. A. Latin B. Greek C. Danish D. French13. Handbook is a word created by combing A. two native words B. a native word and a loan word C. two loan words D. a Celtic word and an Anglo-Saxon word14. It is estimated that at least words of Scandinavian origin have survived in modern English. A. 1000 B .900 C. 100O0 D. 8O015. Between 1250 and 1500 about French words poured into English. A. 900 B. 900O C. 100O0 D. 1200016. All of the following words are from Dutch except. A. boom B. easel C. stoop D. shirt17. Old English was a language of _ endings, and Middle English was one of endings. A. full, leveled B. leveled, full C. partial, leveled D. full, partial18. Since the beginning of the 20 century, particularly after World War II, although borrowing remains a channel of English vocabulary expansion, more words are created by means of A. analogy B. word-formation C. transfer D. conversion19. English has evolved from a _ language (Old English) to the present language. A. analytic, synthetic B. synthetic, analytic C. agglutinative, analytic D. isolating, synthetic20. More than per cent of modern English words come almost directly from classical languages. A. 80 B. 25 C. 50 D. 4021. By the end of the century, English took the place of French and gradually came back into the schools, the law courts, and government and regained social status. A. 12th B. 14 th C. 13th D. 15th22. The translation of the Bible and the writings of and others contributed a lot to the revival of English as the dominating language in Middle English period. A. Lang land; Wycliffe, Chaucer B. Wycliffe; Lang land, Chaucer C. Chaucer; Wycliffe, Thomas More D. Bacon; Wycliffe, Chaucer23. Old English began to undergo a great change when the invaded England in 1066. A. Romans B. Danes C. Normans D. Jutes24. Before English regained social status in Middle English period, those in power spoke French; those who were literate read and wrote ; those who could educate their children taught them in ; and any young man who sought to earn his living as a scribe learned or A. Latin; French; Latin, French B.