2012年中石油职称英语考试词汇模拟练习题.doc

中石油职称英语网 CNPCEDU.ORG2012年中石油职称英语考试词汇模拟练习题I. Vocabulary1. After we had been in the village for a few months, we so liked it that we decided to settle there.A. in turn B. for good C. as usual D. at most【答案】B【参考译文】在这个村庄住了几个月后，我们便如此喜欢它以至于决定在那儿永久定居下来。【试题分析】此题为词组辨析题。【词组辨析】for good永久地：He left his hometown for good and never came back. 他永久地离开了故乡，再也没回来过。A. in turn轮流；依次：They speak in turn at the meeting. 他们在会上依次发言。C. as usual像往常一样：As usual, he has lunch at this small restaurant. 像往常一样，他在这家小饭馆吃午饭。D. at most 最多：There are 10 minutes at most to go. 最多还有10分钟。2. I am easily hurt because my feelings are very _A. sensible B. sensational C. sensitiveD. sentimental【答案】C【译文】我感情上容易受伤是因为我很敏感。【试题分析】词语辨析题，了解相近词的不同意义和用法。【详细解答】sensitive意为“敏感的”，符合句意。sensible“理智的”；sensational“令人吃惊的”；sentimental“多愁善感的”，均不符合句意。3. A large sum of money has been raised for the _ of the poorly educated children in the mountainous districts.A. profit B. favorC. advantage D. benefit【答案】D【参考译文】为了山区那些未受过良好教育的孩子们的利益，已筹集了一大笔资金。【试题分析】此题为近义词辨析题。【词义辨析】benefit利益、好处：for the benefit of the people为了人民的利益。A. profit利润，指跟商业有关的获利：make a big profit 获得丰厚利润。B. favor宠爱；赞同；恩惠；一般用于in favor of 结构中，表示“对有利”或“支持；赞同”。C. advantage优势，一般用于to the advantage of sb. 结构中，表示“对某人有利”。所以D项为最佳答案。4. High speed aircraft is made of metals that can _ both high temperature and pressure.A. stand by B. put up withC. withholdD. withstand【答案】D【参考译文】高速飞行器由能耐高温和高压的金属制成。【试题分析】此题为近义词辨析题，又为形近词辨析题。【词义辨析】withstand经受，承受：withstand kicks and blows经得起拳打脚踢。A. stand by在场；旁观：How can you stand by and watch the country go to ruin? 你怎能坐视国家的灭亡? B. put up with忍受，只用人做主语。I cant put up with his rudeness. 我无法忍受他的无礼。C. withhold阻挡：withhold the information把消息扣留着不让人知道。5. He failed again in the driving test. I dont know why _ he was so nervous.A. in the earth B. on the earthC. in earth D. on earth【答案】D【参考译文】他驾驶考试又失败了。我真不明白他究竟为什么如此紧张。【试题分析】此题考固定搭配。【详细解答】on earth为固定搭配，表示“究竟”，为程度副词。如：What on earth do you want me to do? 你究竟想要我干什么? B. on the earth在地球上。A. in the earth在泥土里。6. No one can behave _, completely regardless of social conventions.A. at will B. at random C. on purpose D. on easy【答案】A【参考译文】没有人能完全不顾社会惯例而为所欲为。【试题分析】此题为词组辨析题，根据句意来判断。【详细解答】at will任意，随心所欲。B. at random随便地，偶然地：I just picked up a book at random to kill my time. 我只是随便拿了本书以消磨时间。C. on purpose故意地：He did it on purpose. 他故意这么做。D. on easy没有这样的词组。7. The attack on Pearl Harbor _ the indignation of the whole nation.A. raised B. rose C. aroused D. arose【答案】C【参考译文】袭击珍珠港事件激起了整个民族的愤慨。【试题分析】此题为形近词辨析题。【词组辨析】arouse激起：arouse students interest引起学生的兴趣。A. raise举起；提高：raise your hand举手。B. rise上升：The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。D. arise出现：New problems will arise soon after the old are solved. 旧的问题解决了新的问题马上又出现了。注意rise和arise均为不及物动词。8. Eminent physicists from all over the world came to the U.S. to _ the centennial (一百周年) of Einsteins birth.A. congratulate B. applaud C. celebrate D. participate【答案】C【译文】世界各地的杰出物理学家们来到美国庆祝爱因斯坦诞辰一百周年。【试题分析】词语辨析题。【详细解答】celebrate在这里作“庆祝”解，congratulate意为“祝贺”，一般以人作宾语，如：congratulate sb. on sth. , applaud 是鼓掌，participate是参加，后面应跟介词in。9. With the winter here you can _ these skirts till you need them again next summer.A. do away with B. put away C. get rid of D. give away【答案】B【参考译文】冬天来了, 你可以将这些裙子收好直到明年夏天再用。【试题分析】此题为词义辨析题。【词义辨析】do away with 废除, put away贮存, 留下来（以后用）, get rid of去掉, give away分发, 分送。10. In the bitter cold, the explorers managed to _ despite the shortage of food.A. live B. survive C. bear D. endure【答案】B【参考译文】尽管缺少食物，探险者们在严冬中仍设法幸存下来。【试题分析】此题为词义辨析，根据句意选择最佳答案。【词义辨析】survive幸存；活下来；通常指在逆境中（灾难、困难等）生活下去。如survive an accident在事故中幸免于难。A. live生活；生存。虽然在语法上也成立，但不如survive恰当。C. bear忍受，遭受；D. endure忍受，遭受。C、D均不合句意。11. She was a simple, _ and hard-working woman.A. practicableB. favorableC. feasible D. practical【答案】D【参考译文】她是个直率、讲求实际、工作努力的妇女。【试题分析】此题既是形近词辨析又是近义词辨析题。【词义辨析】practical讲求实际的；实践的：practical method讲求实际的方法。practical指在日常生活中能运用常识、知识、方法等，着重于行动，而非思想或想象。A. practicable可行的、行得通的，不能用来修饰人：a practicable plan可行性方案。B. favorable有利的：This decision is favorable to us. 决议对我们有利。C. feasible可行的，用法同practical : a feasible scheme可行的计划。12. It is _ practice to bring a present to the hostess when one is invited to dinner.A. general B. usual C. ordinary D. common【答案】D【参考译文】当一个人被邀请共进晚餐时，按惯例应给女主人带件礼物。【试题分析】此题为近义词辨析题。【词义辨析】common共同的，共有的，强调“大家都这么做”：Its our common concern. 这是我们共同关心的问题，common practice表示“惯例、常规”。A. general普遍的；大多数人的：This sugar is a general favorite. 这种糖大多数人都很喜欢。B. usual通常的；习惯的：As usual, he gets up at 6:30 a. m. 像往常一样，他六点半起床。C. ordinary平凡的；平常的：ordinary people普通百姓。此题是说被邀请到别人家吃晚饭应该给女主人带件礼物，这种做法已形成惯例，所有的人都遵守，所以用“common”比“general”更合适。13. Mother hopes her son will _ doing anything rash.A. keep from B. avoid from C. ask fromD. protect from【答案】A【参考译文】母亲希望儿子不要轻率行事。【试题分析】此题为词组辨析题，实质考搭配。【详细解答】首先可排除B、C两项，因为avoid为及物动词，常用于avoid（doing）sth. 结构中。ask也为及物动词，没有ask from这样的词组。D. protect虽然能与from搭配使用，但一般用于protectfrom结构中，表示“保卫，使不受伤害”。A. keep from阻止；抑制：keep from talking like that不要那样讲话。14. The Johnsons _ the house before they decided to buy it.A. looked out B. looked over C. looked after D. looked on【答案】B【参考译文】约翰逊夫妇在决定买下之前先查看了那所房子。【试题分析】本题是词组意义辨析题。【词义辨析】look out意思是“当心”或“向外看”，通常作不及物动词词组使用；look over是及物动词词组，意为“检查，浏览，查看”；look after照料，照看；look on旁观【作者建议】此题可用排除法。 15. It was a long time before the cut on my hand _ completely.A. healed B. recovered C. improved D. cured【答案】A【参考译文】过了好长时间我手上的伤口才完全愈合。【试题分析】此题为近义词辨析题。【词义辨析】heal跌打、烫伤的治愈；伤口的愈合：The wound has been healed. 创伤已经治好了。B. recover恢复，一般用人做主语。如：He recovered his eyesight after the operation. 手术后他恢复了视力。C. improve改善；提高：improve working conditions改善工作条件。D. cure治愈，主要指内部得病的治愈，不用来指伤口的愈合：cure sb. of his stomachache治愈某人的胃病。16. They remained full of hope and determination _ their repeated failures.A. instead of B. in search of C. because of D. in spite of【答案】D 【参考译文】尽管多次失败，但他们仍然充满希望和决心。【试题分析】此题为词义辨析题。【词义辨析】instead of表示“代替，充当”，后接名词，代词，动名词；in search of寻找，寻求，后接名词，代词，动名词；in spite of表示“尽管，不顾”，引出让步状语；because of因为，由于，后接名词，代词，动名词。 17. I mistook you your brother.A. for B. as C. to be D. by【答案】A【译文】我把你错认作你兄弟了。【试题分析】词语搭配题。【详细解答】mistake A for B是一个固定词组，意思是将A错认作B。18. to secret document is denied to all but few.A. Access B. Approach C. Contact D. Touch【答案】A【参考译文】除少数人外其他人都无权接触这些保密文件。【试题分析】此题为近义词辨析题，尤其是A、B两项易混淆。【词义辨析】access接近的权利/途径，后常跟to：Every student has access to the library. 每个学生都有权利用图书馆。B. approach靠近；途径：a scientific approach to teaching科学的教学方法。C. contact联系，一般与with连用：keep in contact with sb. 与某人保持联系。D. touch接触：keep in touch with sb. 与某人保持联系。19. On Christmas Eve, we had several guests, who were . friends of our daughter.A. almost B. mostly C. most D. nearly【答案】B【参考译文】平安夜，我们接待了几位客人，大多数是我们女儿的朋友。【试题分析】此题既是形近词辨析题，又是近义词辨析题。【词义辨析】mostly大多数；主要地；用作状语：The representatives are mostly teachers at the meeting. 会上大多数代表是老师。A. almost几乎，差不多，用在此处不妥。不能说“差不多是朋友”。C. most大多数，通常用作主语或定语，不作状语：Most of us came to his birthday party. 我们大数人参加了他的生日晚会。D. nearly几乎，用法同almost。 20. He has to make a living by himself because he doesnt have parents to _A. keep on B. depend with C. rely on D. go to【答案】C【参考译文】他得靠他自己生活，因为他没有父母可以依靠。【试题分析】此题为词义辨析题。【词义辨析】keep on继续做某事；depend on依靠；depend with的搭配不对；C. rely on依靠；D. go to求助于，促成。 21. An ambulance must have priority as it usually has to deal with some kind of .A. crisis B. urgency C. emergency D. emergence【答案】C【译文】救护车必须优先通过，因为它通常是为了紧急情况。【试题分析】词语辨析题。【详细解答】emergence意为“出现”；crisis是“危机”，一般是政治、经济或情感危机；urgency也是紧急，但更强调意义重大，而emergency则是意料之外的、危险的紧急情况，更符合句意。 22. No one could tell how the magician was able to produce a rabbit from his hat until he his tricks.A. strayed away from B. threw light onC. gave birth to D. fell back on【答案】B【考点】短语辨析B）throw/shed/cast light on“阐明，解释”；A）stray away from“偏离”；C）give birth to“ 产生，引起”give birth to a dispute引起一场争吵；D）fall back on“求助于”In an emergency we can fall back on our savings. 紧急时候我们可动用储蓄。【译文】在魔术师点破他的戏法之前，没有人能说出他是如何从帽子里变出一只兔子的。23. More than two hundred years ago, the United States _ from the British Empire and became an independent country.A. got off B. pulled down C. broke away D. dropped off【答案】C【译文】两百多年前，美国脱离了大英帝国，成为一个独立的国家。【试题分析】词组辨析题。【详细解答】break away表示“脱离，放弃”。get off表示“下来，动身，摆脱”。pull down表示“推翻”。drop off表示“离开，减少”。显然A、B、D都与句意不符。24. Everybody looked _ the direction of the explosion.A. to B. from C. in D. into【答案】C【译文】所有的人都朝着爆炸的方向看去。【试题分析】介词搭配。【详细解答】look to指照管，留心，注意，期待，主语通常为人，后面通常跟人或物，跟方向时，主语为物；look from后跟地点或物品，表示从某个方位看；look in加方向表示朝某个方向看，look into指调查事件真相，或朝某物里面看。25. The flood _the townspeople_ from the rest of the world.A. cut.out B. cut.away C. cut.down D. cut.off【答案】D句意：洪水切断了该镇居民与外界的联系。A）cut out 切掉；割掉；B）cut away 切掉，逃走；C）cut down 减少 如：You should cut down on smoking. 你应该少抽烟。D）cut off 切断 如：They cut off the enemys retreat. 他们切断了敌人的退路。根据句意A, B, C均不符合题意，因此选D26. During the strike, the electricity was cut off for hours, so we had to _ candles for lighting.A. manage with B. turn on C. carry out D. keep to【答案】A 【参考译文】罢工期间，电被切断好几个小时，我们不得不设法用蜡烛来照明。【试题分析】此题为词汇题。【详细解答】manage with设法对付, 想方设法解决；turnon 开, 打开；carry out执行, 完成任务；keep to保持。27. I dont think I know the girl with long hair although she _ me of someone I know.A. remembers B. recalls C. suggests D. reminds【答案】D【参考译文】我不认识那位长头发的女孩，虽然她使我想起我认识的一个人。【试题分析】此题主要考搭配。【详细解答】remind使回想起；提醒，常用于“remind sb. of sth. 使某人回想起”结构中。remind me of my childhood使我回想到自己的童年。A. remember记住，记得：I remember her name. 我记得她的名字。B. recall回想起：recall ones hometown回想起自己的家乡。C. suggest建议；表明：His words suggested his support to our plan. 他的话表明他支持我们的计划。A、B、C项均不能用于sb. of sth. 结构中。 28. They remained full of hope and determination _ their repeated failures.A. instead of B. in search of C. because of D. in spite of【答案】D【译文】尽管遭受多次失败，他们仍然充满希望和决心。【试题分析】逻辑关系题，要求学生能正确分析句子两部分之间的让步关系。【详细解答】instead of 指两个动作、行为、事件等只出现其中一个；in search of 指搜寻，探索等；because of表因果关系；in spite of表让步关系。29. All the information we have collected in relation to that case _ very little.A. put off B. hold back C. put aside D. hold up【答案】此题答案应为add up to，书中有误，D选项应为add up to【译文】我们所收集的关于这件事的信息加起来也少得可怜。【试题分析】add up to表示“合计达”30. The rainbow is one of the most beautiful _ in nature.A. phenomenon B. phenomena C. appearance D. experience【答案】B 【参考译文】彩虹是最美的自然现象之一。【试题分析】此题为词义辨析题。【详细解答】phenomena是phenomenon的复数形式；phenomenon现象；appearance外表，出现；experience经验，阅历。 31. Sometimes even the smallest thing will upset an _ person.A. annoyed B. irritated C. irritable D. angry【答案】C 【参考译文】有时即使是最小的事情也会扰乱易怒的人。【试题分析】此题为词义辨析题。【详细解答】annoyed指被弄得有点发怒，不耐烦；irritated指因为某事的烦扰而生气；irritable指非常容易生气的人；angry指对某事感到不愉快。32. All the participants in the meeting _a loud laugh when the lecturer began his speech with a joke.A. let off B. let out C. let down D. let through【答案】B【考点】动词词组辨析B）let out“发出（笑声、叫喊声）；泄露”；A）let off“说出（笑话等）；放过，饶恕”；C）let down“放下；使失望”；D）let through“允许通过”。【译文】演讲人讲了一个笑话开始演讲，所有与会者发出了大笑声。33. In Britain, the best season of the year is probably _ spring.A. latter B. later C. last D. late【答案】D【参考译文】在英国，一年最好的季节也是暮春。【试题分析】此题为形近词辨析题。【详细解答】late迟的；晚期的：at a late hour在很晚的时候；in the late sixties在六十年代后期。A. latter后面的，后半的，后者的。latter表示“后半的，半了的”常与“part, half”等词连用，如：the latter half of the year下半年。“latter”不能与表时间的词连用。B. later 以后，用作副词：sooner or later迟早；later on以后，下回。C. last最后的，用在此句不符合句意。 34. They have been waiting for many hours to see the singer, but the airplane must have been_ .A. off time B. on timeC. ahead of schedule D. behind schedule【答案】D 【参考译文】他们等着要见那位歌星，一直等了几个小时；飞机一定晚点了。【试题分析】此题为词义辨析题。【详细解答】on time 准时；ahead of schedule在时间前, 提前（ahead of time）；behind schedule误点, 脱班, 晚点。35. The roar of the crowd finally _ to a murmur.A. reduced B. diminished C. decreased D. cut down【答案】B 【参考译文】人群的吵闹声最终减弱成一种低嘀声。【试题分析】此题为词义辨析题。【详细解答】reduce指在数量，大小，尺寸，速度等级上的减少或降低；diminish指逐渐地变少；decrease使某物变得少；cut down砍倒，削减。 36 This singer is always very _ to the reaction of the audience when she gives a performance.A. sentimenta B. sensible C. positive D. sensitive【答案】D【参考译文】这位歌手在表演时对观众的反应很敏感。【试题分析】此题为词义辨析题。【详细解答】A为“ 多愁善感”的意思；B为“有理智的, 可察觉的”；C为“确实的, 明确的”；D为“敏感的, 灵敏的”。【答案】只能是D。 37 If you dont put the food in the refrigerator, it may _A. go off B. go over C. go wrong D. go out【答案】A【译文】你要是不把食物放进冰箱，食物会坏的。【试题分析】词组搭配题。【详细解答】go off意为“（食品）变坏，（疼痛）消失”，符合句意。go over sth. ，“浏览，检查，复习”；go out，“消灭，参加社会活动”；go wrong，“出错，（机器）坏了，（事情）进展不顺利”，均不符合句意。 38. Youll have to buy some new shoes as these are A. used up B. wasted away C. broken down D. worn out【答案】D【参考译文】你得买些新鞋。这些都穿坏了。【试题分析】此题为近义词组辨析题。【词组辨析】wear out（把）穿破；（把）用坏：I have worn out my overall. 我把工作服穿破了。A. use up 用尽：His money was used up. 他的钱花光了。B. waste away消瘦：He is wasting away from disease. 他病得消瘦了。C. break down打破；坍塌（健康精神）垮下来。39. Though badly damaged by fire, the palace was eventually _ to its original splendour.A. repaired B. renewed C. restored D. renovated【答案】C【参考译文】尽管宫殿在大火中受到严重毁坏，但最终还是被修复得跟原来一样辉煌。【试题分析】此题为近义词辨析题，兼考搭配。【词义辨析】restore：恢复（健康）；复职；（把建筑物，家俱、艺术品等）恢复原状，修复：restore an oil painting修复一张旧油画。A. repaire修理，不能与建筑物搭配使用。B. renew更换；更新，只可表示精力的恢复，或更换旧物，而不是使原来的东西改变面貌。如：renew ones strength恢复体力；renew a book续借一本书。D. renovate翻新；修理；强调在原有的基础上进行改造，使之面貌一新：renovate an old house修理老房子。但renovate不能和表达到某一程度的介词“to”搭配，而restore常与介词“to”搭配使用，所以C为正确选项。40. The seeing eye dog was the blind mans companion.A. continual B. consistent C. constant D. continuous【答案】C【参考译文】这只引路狗是这位盲人的忠实伙伴。【试题分析】此题为近义词兼形近词辨析题。【词义辨析】constant永恒的，忠实的：a constant believer in materialism坚信唯物主义的人。A. continual连续的；不间断的：Pay continual visits to the library. 常去图书馆。B. consistent（人，行为）一致的；经常的；一贯的。a consistent policy一贯的政策。D. continuous持续不断的：continuous development不断的发展。从题意中可看出“companion（伴侣）”是“忠实的” 41. High in the sky a _ of birds was flying southward.A. swarm B. flock C. crowd D. herd【答案】B【译文】高空中一群鸟儿向南飞去。【试题分析】词语辨析题。【详细解答】a flock of意为“一群（鸟，羊等）”，为正确答案。a swarm of，a crowd of，a herd of分别意为“一群（蜂、蚁、蝗虫等）”，“一群（人等）”，“一群（牛、鹿、象等）”。42. American people are highly , and therefore may find it difficult to become deeply involved with others.A .moving B. mobile C. motional D. movable【答案】B【译文】美国人的流动性强，很难和别人深入交往下去。【试题分析】此题为近义词辨析题。【词义辨析】mobile流动的；经常搬迁的，没有定处的：Jews used to be mobile nation. 犹太人曾是个四处流浪，居无定所的民族。A. moving正在运动着的：a moving car正在行驶的车子。C. motional运动的。D. movable可移动的：movable properties动产。 43. Youll have to buy some new shoes as these are _A. used up B. wasted away C. broken down D. worn out【答案】D【译文】你得买些新鞋。这些都穿坏了。【试题分析】此题为近义词组辨析题。【词组辨析】wear out（把）穿破；（把）用坏：I have worn out my overall. 我把工作服穿破了。A. use up 用尽：His money was used up. 他的钱花光了。B. waste away消瘦：He is wasting away from disease. 他病得消瘦了。C. break down打破；坍塌；（健康精神）垮下来。 44. Will all those _ the proposal raise their hands?A. in relation to B. in excess of C. in contrast to D. in favor of【答案】D【译文】赞同这一提议的人请举手好吗? 【试题分析】此题为词组辨析题，根据句意来判断。【词组辨析】in favor of 赞同；有利于：in favor of ones suggestions赞同某人的建议；The situation is in favor of us. 情形对我们有利。A. in relation to 关于涉及：I have a lot to say in relation to that affair. 关于那件事我有许多话要说。B. inexcess of 超过：a population in excession of 1. 2 billion 12亿以上的人口。C. in contrast to 与形成对照：In contrast to northerners people in the south prefer to rice与北方人不同，南方人更喜欢米饭。45. The hotel _ only $50 for a double room in the slack season.A. claims B. prices C. charges D. demands【答案】C【译文】在淡季，这家旅馆的双人间只需要50美元。【试题分析】此题为近义词辨析题。【词义辨析】charge索价：How much do you charge for these eggs? 这些鸡蛋怎么卖? A. claim要求；需要；强调作为自己应有的权利去要求得到应得的东西。Did you claim on the insurance after your car accident? 你的车出事后，有没有要求保险金。用在此处，不符合句意。B. price定价，常用于被动语态，不与for搭配使用。The clothes are priced high in this shop. 这家商店的衣服标价很高。D. demand要求；需要，一般不能与金钱搭配使用。He demanded an immediate answer from