成长英语第一册第一单元.doc

外国语言文学系大学外语教研室集体备课教案 2012-2013学年第一学期Lesson PlanDepartment of Foreign LanguagesTeacher(s): Target Students: 3-year non-English majors (non-arts)Textbook: Progressing English Unit OneTopic: A New Life, A New BeginningTeaching objectives: By the end of this unit, students should be able to:m talk about greeting people on campus;.m listen and learn more about college registration procedures;m read about college experiences and introductions to community colleges;.m fill out some registration forms;m be familiar with English tense. Key Points: m to understand the college registration procedures.m to fill out the registration forms correctly. Difficult points: m To express themselves in college experiences and introductions. m To use English tense correctly.Arrangement of teaching materials:m Progressing English Unit 1 (8 periods) Extension materials (1 period)m Periods allocation:Lead-in and Open your mouth (1 period)Sharpen your listening (1 period)Broaden your view (4 periods)Passage B (1 period)Use your hands (1 period)m Required exercises: a. Part Broaden your view Check your studyActivity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5b. Part Broaden your view Further Your skillsExercise 1 Exercise 2 Exercise 3 m Assignments for independent study:a. Passage B Check your studyb. Passage B Further your skillsImportant language points:m Words and Expressions 1. Assume v.to think or accept that something is true or will happen but without having proof of it 认为;假定Example: It is generally assumed that stress is caused by so much work. 人们普遍认为，紧张是工作过重导致的。 My brother is always assuming that he will pass the College Entrance Examination and enter Beijing University. 弟弟总是认为自己能顺利通过高考，考上北京大学。2. beyond prep. not within the range of (sth.); surpassing 超出;除之外Example: Their success was far beyond what they had thought. 他们的成功远远超出了预期。To tell the truth, the situation is beyond our control.说实话，我们已经无法控制局面。3. expectation n. a belief that something will happen because it is likely 希望，盼望Example: There was a general expectation that the French football team will win the competition.人们普遍认为法国足球队会赢得比赛。 The young soldier is confident in his expectation of a recovery. 年轻战士满怀信心地期待康复。4. pursue v. be occupied or busy with (sth.); go on with 追求;致力于Example: We intend to pursue this policy with determination. 我们坚决贯彻这项政策。My sister wishes to pursue a medical career after graduation from college. 我姐姐希望大学毕业以后从事医学工作。5. focus n. the thing or person that people are most interested in焦点，中心Example: She was the focus of everyones attention. 她是大家注意的焦点。 The focus of this chapter is the American Revolution. 本章的重点是讲美国独立战争。6. revealv. to make something known to sb. 揭示，显示Example: Details of the traffic accident were revealed by the local paper. 地方报纸披露了这起交通事故的细节。 The report reveals that the company made a loss of 20 million last year. 报告显示，公司去年亏损2 000万美元。7. enhance v. to increase or further improve the good quality, value or status of somebody/something 提高，增强Example: To be frank, those clothes didnt enhance her appearance.坦率地说，她穿那些衣服也并没显得更漂亮。8. worthwhile worth spending time, money or effort on 重要的;值得花时间（钱、努力等）Example: It is worthwhile to include really high-quality illustrations. 把真正高质量的插图包括进去是值得的。 The smile on the nurses face proved that what she had done for the patient was worthwhile. 护士脸上的笑容表她为病人所做的一切是值得的。9. recognize v. to accept and approve of sb./sth. officially认可，接受Example: Jack is recognized to be their political leader.人们承认杰克是他们的政治领袖。 The USA has refused to recognize the new regime.美国已经拒绝承认这个新政权。10. satisfaction the good feeling that you have when you have achieved something or when something that you wanted to happen does happen; something that gives you this feeling 满足，欣慰Example: The old man looked back on his career with great satisfaction. 这位老人回顾自己的事业，深感欣慰。 The Longfor real estate company is trying to improve customer satisfaction. 龙湖房地产公司力图改进，让顾客更加满意。11. be free from not containing or affected by something harmful or unpleasant不受的，没有的Example: It was several weeks before he was completely free from pain. 过了几个星期以后， 他的疼痛才完全消失。 As for me I had no difficulty in fulfilling the tasks. 对我而言， 完成这些任务不存在什么困难。12. beyond expectation never think something will happen or take place 出乎意料地,意外地Example: It was beyond my expectation that Betty got the first place last term. 意想不到的是, 贝蒂上学期获得了第一名。It was beyond everyones expectation that Miss Li appeared in our party. 意想不到的是, 李老师来参加我们的晚会了。13. in reality in actural fact; really 实际上， 事实上Example: Outwardly she seemed to be confident, but in reality, she was extremely nervous. 表面上看，她显得信心十足，而实际上紧张得要命。 In reality, word formation will help you enlarge your vocabulary. 实际上，构词法会帮助你扩大词汇量。14. be made up of to be formed by 由组成Example: The medical team is made up of 1 specialist, 2 doctors and 5 nurses. 这支医疗队由一名专家、两名医生和五名护士组成。 The extended family is made up of grandparents, parents and 6 sons. 这个大家庭由祖父母、 父母和六个儿子组成。15. get used to talk about something that you are familiar with so that it no longer seems new or strange to you 习惯于Example: Dont worry; I believe you will soon get used to his sense of humor. 别担心，我相信你会很快适应他的幽默感的。 I didnt think I could ever get used to living in a big city after living in the countryside. 我觉得在农村生活之后就无法适应大城市的生活了。16. to some extent to the degree specified 在某种程度上Example: To some extent, what he said changed my attitude towards the beggar. 在一定程度上，他所说的话改变了我对乞丐的态度。 To some extent, both parties are responsible for the traffic accident. 在某种程度上，双方都应该对这起交通事故负责。Suggested Classroom activities:1. Group work（students discuss their ideas and experiences on this topic）2. Role-play-make a dialogue according to the teachers hints. 3. Word pictures-the students are required to find words that give vivid images from the text and try to write their own sentences accordingly. 4. Listening-listen to some related materials and the students are required to tell the main idea of the material. 5. Reciting-Recite the useful sentences in the dialogue and text. Extended practice and answers: 1. Tense 英语共有十六种时态，其表现形式如下(以study为例) 一般时 进行时 完成时 完成进行时现在 study be studying have studied have been studying过去 studied be studying had studied had been studying将来 will study wil be studying will have studied will have been studying过去将来would study would be studying would have studied would have been studying时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。1. 一般现在时用法：A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。B) 习惯用语。C) 经常性、习惯性动作。例：He always helps others. （他总是帮助别人。）D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持 主句、从句时态一致。E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动 、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词 ）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用 。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。例：The next train leaves at 3 oclock this afternoon.（下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。）How often does this shuttle bus run? （这班车多久一趟？）F) 在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将来事 情。例：When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.（等你完成这份报告的时候，我就已经等了将近3个小时了。）2. 现在进行时(be doing)用法：现在正在进行的动作。3. 现在完成时(have done)用法：A) 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。例：I bought a new house, but I _ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.A) didnt sell B) sold C) havent sold D) would sell答案是C) havent sold。B) 表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点，或for加一段时间，或by加一个现在时间。例：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas _ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.A) are to challenge C) have been challengedB) may be challenged D) are challenging全句的意思是：“虽然牛顿是个伟大的人物，但他的许多见解直到今天还在受到挑战，并且被现代科学家的工作所修正。”challenge是及物动词，在本句中应当是被动语态；其动作延续到今天，所以要用现在完成时态。可见答案是C) have been challenged。A) are to challenge和D) are challenging都是主动语态，不可能是答案。B) may be challenged虽然是被动语态，但意思与全句内容不合，所以不对。C) 表示发生在过去，但对现在仍有影响的动作或情况。通常用点动词，如：arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。例：John has broken his left leg.（约翰摔断了左腿。）注意事项：A) 现在完成时是联系过去和现在的纽带。现在完成时和过去时的区别在于：现在完成时强调动作的动态，或受动态的影响，是动态的结果，对现在有影响；过去时只表示过去的某个具体时间里发生的动作，与现在没有联系。例：He worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他曾经在那家医院工作了8年。这只是讲述一个过去的事实，他现在已经不在那家医院了。）He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他已经在那家医院里工作了8年。表示他从过去开始工作，一直工作到现在，现在仍在那家医院工作。）B) 因为含有for加一段时间或since加一个时间点这样的时间状语的完成时，有动态和延续性的特点，所以不能使用终端动词或瞬间动词。例：My sister has been married for 5 years.（过去分词做表语表示状态，可以延续）My sister has married. Dont disturb her.（终端动词）C) 在this is the first/ second/ third time that句型里要求用完成时。例：This is the second time that the products of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.（这是我公司产品第二次参加国际展览会。）D) 句型It is/ has beensince所使用的两种时态都正确。例：It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.（从我上次见到他以来已经10年了。）E) 在no sooner than、hardly/ scarcely when、before、prior to等句型中，主句要求完成时。例：I havent met that professor prior to today.（以前我从未见过那位教授。）4. 现在完成进行时(have been doing)用法：表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间，延续或重复地出现至今，或将继续延续至将来。例：We have been working on this project for over a month now.（到目前为止，我们一直在处理那个项目，已经花了一个多月时间了。）注意事项：与现在完成时相比，现在完成进行时更强调：在从过去到现在的时间里，动作或状态一直持续或一直反复出现。例：It seems oil _ from this pipe for some time. Well have to take the machine apart to put it right.A) had leaked B) is leakingC) leaked D) has been leaking从本题上下文看，这两个句子的意思是：“看来，这个管道漏油已有一段时间了，我们将不得不拆卸机器排除故障。”第二句表示将要采取的措施。第一句动作发生在第二句之前，并且延续到现在为止仍在继续。因此，空格中需用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。D) has been leaking是现在完成进行时，因此是本题的答案。有11%的考生误选了B) is leaking。由于本句有时间状语for some time，表示谓语动作延续，谓语不能用现在进行时，必须用和完成时有关的时态。有些考生误选了C) leaked或A) had leaked。是因为他们没有注意到本题第二句是一般将来时，所以第一句的谓语不能用过去时或过去完成时。5. 一般过去时用法：A) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。B) 表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由would/ used to do表达的句型，本身表示的 就是过去时。例：The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.（老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条长椅上，看着其他的人，一坐就是数个小时，什么也不干，也不和任何人交谈。）He used to visit his mother once a week.（他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。）C) 有时可代替一般现在时，表达一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气。例：I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car?（我想向您借车用一用，可以吗？）Would you mind my sitting here?（您介意我坐在这里吗？）注意事项：A) 注意时间状语的搭配。一般过去时的时间状语应该是表示过去某个时间的词或词组，如：yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等，绝对不可与recently, in the past 10 years, this month等连用，因为这样的时间状语都与现在有关系，应该用现在完成时或一般现在时。B) used to do的否定形式和疑问形式很特别：你怎么写都正确。以否定形式为例：used not to do, didnt used to do, didnt use to do都对。Used to do经常与 be used to doing sth/ sth结构进行对比。前者表示过去常常或过去曾经，要求加动词原形；后者表示习惯于，要求加名词或动名词。6. 过去完成时(had done)用法：表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态。就是我们常说的：表示过去的过去的动作或状态。Until then, his family _ from him for six months.A) didnt hear C) hasnt heard B) hasnt been hearing D) hadnt heard全句的意思是：“到那时为止，他家里已经有六个月没得到他的消息了。”由此可以看出，谓语动词的动作延续到过去的某一时刻才完成，因此谓语要用过去完成时。答案是D)。其它选项中：A) didnt hear，因为一般过去时只表示过去发生的事情或存在的状态，所以不能与时间状语for six months连用。B) hasnt been hearing，现在完成进行时表示过去某时刻继续到现在或现在还在进行的动作，与题意不符。C) hasnt heard，现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻到现在为止发生的动作。而题中的then只表示过去的某一时刻，不能表示现在时间。注意事项：“过去的过去”这种逻辑关系常通过上下文体现出来，而不一定受某个时间状语的限制。例：There had been some one in our room just now, because I noticed a burning cigarette end on the floor when we opened the front door.（刚才有人在我们的房间里，因为我们打开前门进来时，我注意到地板上有一支仍在燃烧的香烟。）分析：虽然时间状语是just now，似乎应该使用一般过去时，但是“在房间里”这个状态是在开门和注意这两个过去的动作之前就存在的，所以应该用过去完成时。2. Extended Practice 暂无Background information (word file/ photo/ video/ song/ poem, no less than 2 kinds ): m The Francis Bacon (artist)Francis Bacon (28 October 1909 28 April 1992) was an Irish-born British figurative painter known for his bold, graphic and emotionally raw imagery. Bacons painterly but abstracted figures typically appear isolated in glass or steel geometrical cages set against flat, nondescript backgrounds. He began painting during his early 20s and worked only sporadically until his mid-30s. Before this time he drifted, earning his living as an interior decorator and designer of furniture and rugs. Later, he admitted that his career was delayed because he had spent too long looking for a subject that would sustain his interest His breakthrough came with the 1944 triptych Three Studies for Figures at the Base of a Crucifixion, and it was this work and his heads and figures of the late 1940s through to the mid 1950s that sealed his reputation as a notably bleak chronicler of the human condition.From the mid-1960s, Bacon mainly produced portrait heads of friends. He often said in interviews that he saw images in series, and his artistic output often saw him focus on single themes for sustained periods including his crucifixion, Papal heads and later single and triptych heads series. He began by painting variations on the Crucifixion and later focused on half-human, half-grotesque portraits, best exemplified by the 1949 Heads in a Room series. Following the 1971 suicide of his lover George Dyer, Bacons art became more personal, inward looking and preoccupied with themes and motifs of death. The climax of this late period came with his 1982 Study for Self-Portrait, and his late masterpiece Study for a Self Portrait -Triptych, 1985-86.Despite his existentialist outlook on life expressed through his paintings, Bacon always appeared to be a bon vivant, spending much of his middle and later life eating, drinking and gambling in Londons Soho with Lucian Freud, John Deakin, Daniel Farson, Patrick Swift,3 Jeffrey Bernard, Muriel Belcher and Henrietta Moraes, among others. Following Dyers death he distanced himself from this circle and became less involved with rough trade to settle in a platonic relationship with his eventual heir, John Edwards. Since his death in 1992, Bacons reputation has steadily grown. Despite Margaret Thatcher having famously described him as that man who paints those dreadful pictures,4 he was the subject of two major Tate retrospectives during his lifetime and received a third in 2008. Bacon always professed not to depend on preparatory works and was resolute that he never drew. Yet since his death, a number of sketches have emerged and although the Tate recognised them as canon, they have not yet been acknowledged as such by the art market. In addition, in the late 1990s, several presumed destroyed major works, including Popes from the early 1950s and Heads from the 1960s, surfaced on the art market, some of which are considered equal to any of his official output.m Additional Reading WhyAmericanEducationSystemIsSoSuccessful?Why is America so successful? Wealth clearly has something to do with it. America spends more than twice as much per student as the OECD average (about $22,000 versus $10,000 in 2001), and alumni and philanthropists routinely shower universities with gold. History also plays a part. Americans have always had a passion for higher education. The Puritans established Harvard College in 1636, just two decades after they first arrived in New England.The main reason for Americas success, however, lies in organization. This is something other countries can copy. But they will not find it. easy-particularly if they are developing countries that are bent on state-driven modernization.The first principle is that the federal government plays a limited part. America does not have a central plan for its universities. It does not treat its academics as civil servants, as do France and Germany. Instead, universities have a wide range of patrons, from state governments to religious bodies, from fee-paying students to generous philanthropists. The academic landscape has been shaped by rich benefactors such as Ezra Cornell, Cornelius Vanderbilt, Johns Hopkins and John D. Rockefeller. And the tradition of philanthropy survives to this day: in