2015年职称英语综合类A级考试真题及答案.docx

2015年职称英语综合类A级考试真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第1?15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近 的选项。1. I will nottoleratethat sort of behavior in my class.A. controlB. observeC. regulate D. accept2.She showed a naturalaptitudefor the work.A. senseB. talentC. flavor D. taste3. Most people findrejectionhard to accept.A. excuseB. clientC. refusal D. destiny4. The organization wasboldenough to face the press.A. pleasedB. powerfulC. brave D. sensible5.They were locked inmortalcombat.A. deadlyB. openC. actual D. active6. We were attracted by thelureof quick money.A. amountB. supplyC. tempt D. sum7. The procedures were perceived as complex and lesstransparent.A. clearB. necessaryC. special D. correct8. The Stock Exchange is inturmoilfollowing a huge wave of selling.A. serviceB. dangerC. disorderD. threat9. He believes that Europe must change or it willperish.A. surviveB. lastC. dieD. move10.There was asimultaneoustrial taking place in the next building.A. fairB. fullC. coexistingD. public11. They promoteassimilationof ethnic groups into the main-stream culture.A. policyB. valueC. equalityD. integration12. A salesmanscardinalrule is to satisfy customers.A. principalB. officialC. simpleD. legal13. I mustcomplimentyou on your handling of a very difficult situation.A. silenceB. praiseC. assureD. complain14. We lived for years in aperpetualstate of fear.A. emotionalB. nervousC. terribleD. continuous15.The starving children were apatheticsight.A. commonB. unexpectedC. unforgettableD. pitiful第2部分：阅读判断(第16?22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是 正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请 选择C。Cities “Worse to Live in Than 20 Years AgoOne thousand people were surveyed about a range of issues which affect cities, and the remarkable findings show that life in todays mega-cities is so stressful that at least two-thirds of those currently living in big cities would like to relocate to the countryside or a small town.The stress of the getting from A to B in big cities is at the top of the list of problems. For many people, the daily commute (通勤)to work is a source of frustration. 40% of the people in the survey have suffered from road rage while stuck in traffic on the way to work. The cost of public transport is also a serious problem. Many people think the price of underground and bus travel is too high and that they have to devote more than 10% of their salary to transport costs.The general cost of living in cities is another problem. The high properly prices in most big cities put buying a property out of reach of most first-time buyers. Many young people are priced out of the housing market, and have to take in lodgers to make ends meet, or rent over-priced flats miles away from the city centre. In London, for instance, the price of buying even a one-bedroom flat is so prohibitive that many have given up even considering putting money aside for a deposit.Another issue facing people who live in cities is rising crime. Crime rates have rocketed in many big cities, and many say there are several dangerous no-go areas in their city. Fear of crime is on the increase- street crimes, such as mugging and assault, are now very common- and many are afraid of going out at night alone.Many were also concerned by the lack of green spaces and play facilities for children. Most major conurbations (有卫星的大都市)surveyed have a far smaller number of parks and gardens than a generation ago. Planning permission seems to have been given for an ever-greater number of supermarkets, office developments and apartments on sites where there were previously green spaces. Many of the respondents in the survey said they felt stressed and suffocated (窒肩、)in the city, a problem which is compounded by pollution.And finally，the majority of people in the survey were fed up with the constant noise pollution-the roar of traffic, the sound of loud music blaring (发朿!j耳声)out of a neighbors window, and the constant sound of activity. It is not surprising, then, that the levels of stress-related illnesses among people who live in cities are higher than ever before. Big cities，once a mecca (朝拜的地方)for ambitious people seeking fame and fortune, are now less and less popular among people of all ages. Perhaps the 21st century is set to be the century of the small town and the countryside.16. Most people in the survey who live in big cities would like to move somewhere smaller.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned17. Many people in the survey think public transport is reasonably priced.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned18. It is difficult to buy a flat in London because of the cost.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned19. The crime rate has remained stable in recent years.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned20. There are fewer green areas in cities than there used to be.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned21.London has had some success in reducing pollutionA. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned22. Noise pollution is seen as a big problem by most people in the survey.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23?30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23 26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选 择1个小标题;(2)第27 30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。Teaching Is “One of the Least Popular Jobs in the UK”1 The UK government has just published a report on the future of secondary- school teaching (pupil aged 11-16)，and the conclusion of the report is that many secondary schools now face great difficulties in finding people who want to be teachers. Since the 1980s，the number of graduates who say they would “seriously consider” teaching as a career has fallen sharply, from 64% in 1982 to just 17% today. The report suggests that urgent action needs to be taken in order to encourage more intelligent young graduates into teaching.2 The main drawback of secondary teaching, according to the report, is the low salary, Earnings in teaching are much lower than in many other jobs, and this means that fewer and fewer, young people decide to be teachers. Joanne Manners, 24，is a good example: “I graduated in maths last year，and I was thinking of doing a teacher-training course to become a maths teacherbut when I looked into details, it became clear that teaching isnt a very lucrative (赚钱的)job these days. I saw I could earn twice as much if I worked in marketing or advertising, and so I decided not to become a teacher?”3 Its not just about the money, however. The survey concluded that another reason why people dont want to be teachers is that some teenagers behave very badly in school. A lot of schools have problems with discipline, and it seems clear that children do not have the same respect for teachers as in the past. Heres the view of Dave Hallam，an accountant from London: “I think parents are to blame. They should have stricter rules with their children at home and also teach their children to have more respect for teachers.”4 “I love teaching; its my passion. Ive been a secondary-school teacher of Spanish for ten years now, and although its a very demanding job, its very satisfying. When I see my students passing their Spanish exams, or singing along to Spanish pop songs, it makes me feel so proud,” says Brian Jones, who works in a secondary school in London. So what does he think the government should do to encourage more people to become teachers? “My view is that the government should reduce the burden of work on teachers. I find that I always have too much work to do.”5 The report is clear that the problem of teacher shortage is a very serious one. It says that the government should raise teachers pay significantly, to catch up with workers in other professions. It also suggests that the government could launch a nationwide publicity campaign, with some advertisements on TV and in the newspapers, to show the positive sides of teaching to young people. Another solution could be set a maximum number of hours per week that teachers can work, in order to reduce stress on teachers. “HopefUlly，” the report concludes, “these solutions can improve the poor image of secondary teaching, and increase the number of young people who want to become teachers in the fliture.”22. Paragraph 123. Paragraph 224. Paragraph 325. Paragraph 4A. A nationwide publicity campaignB . Heavy workload on teachersC. Students，bad behavior and lack of discipline D ? Improvement of children behaviorE. A report on teacher shortageF. The problem of low salary26. More and more young people are held back from teaching28. Parents are encouraged to back the teacher up when there are29. The government should reduce the workload on teachers to ease30. The government should promote teaching as a career by advertisingA. because of it low payB .their stressC. its benefitsD their childhood memoriesE. discipline problemsF.more training第4部分：阅读理解(第31?45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。第一篇 Whats killing the BatsFirst it was bees. Now it is bats. Biologists in America are working hard to discover the cause of the mysterious deaths of tens of thousands of bats in the northeastern part of the country. Most of the bats affected are the common little brown bats (Myotis lucifiigus，)but other species, such as the long-eared bat, the small-footed bat，the eastern pipistrelle, and the Indiana bat have also been affected. In some caves, more than 90 percent of the bat populations have died.One possibility is disease. A white fungus (真菌)known as fusarium has been found on the noses of both living and dead bats. However, scientists dont know if the fungus is the primary cause of death, a secondary cause of death，or not a cause at all, but the result of some other conditions.Another possible cause is a lack of food. For example, bats typically eat a large number of moths (蛾)，and in some states such as New York, the number of moths has been declining in recent years. If bats cant eat enough food, they starve to death.Still other scientists believe that global wanning is to blame. Warmer temperatures in recent years have been walking up hibernating (冬目民)bats earlier than usual. If bats break their hibernation at the wrong time, they might not find their expected food sources. The weather might also turn cold again and weaken or kill the bats.Scientists might not agree on the causes of the bat die-off，but they do agree on the consequences. Bats are an important predator of mosquitoes; a single brown bat can eat 1,000 or more insects in an hour. They also eat beetles and other insects that damage plant crops. If there arent enough bats, damage will be great from the insects they eat while bats live a long time for their size-the little brown bat can live for more than 30 years-a female bat has only one baby per year, so bat populations grow slowly. Many bat species in the United States are already protected or endangered.How can you help? Do not disturb sleeping or nesting bats. If you discover bats that seem to be sick or that are dead, contact your lock Fish&Wildlife Department with the details. However, be careful not to touch the animals.29. what is the main idea of this passage?A. All species of bats in North America are dying.B. Scientists already know the cause of the deaths of batsC. The bat deaths are a serious problemD. There are many possible causes of the deaths of bats.30. What does the first sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Bees have been dying mysteriouslyB. The first article on the website is about bees.C. Bees usually die before batsD. It was bees that caused the deaths of bats.31. The word “pipistrelle” in Paragraph I refers toA. a kind of ftmgusB. an area in the U.S.C. a special caveD. a kind of bat32. The “moths” in Paragraph 3 are taken as an example ofA. disease that kill batsB. insects that bats eatC. animals that have diseasesD. bat species that are starving to death33. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?A. to get people to stop killing batsB. to hire workers for the Fish&Wildlife DepartmentC. to ask people not to touch dead batsD. to tell the public how to help bats.第二篇 Is There a Way to Keep Britains Economy Growing?In todays knowledge economy，nations survive on the things they do best. Japanese design electronics while Germens export engineering techniques. The French serve the best food and Americans make computers.Britain specializes in the gift of talking. The nation doesnt manufacture much of anything. But it has lawyers, stylists and business consultants who earn their living from talk, talk and more talk. The World Foundation think tank1 says the UKfs four iconic jobs today are not scientists, engineers, teachers and nurses. Instead, theyre hairdressers, celebrities, management consultants and managers. But can all this talking keep the British economy going? The British government thinks it can.Although the countrys trade deficit was more than 60 billion in 2006，UKs largest in the postwar period, officials say the country has nothing to worry about. In fact, Britain does have a world-class pharmaceutical industry, and it still makes a small sum from selling arms abroad. It also trades services accountancy, insurance, banking and advertising. The government believes Britain is on the cutting edge2 of the knowledge economy. After all, the country of Shakespeare and Wordsworth has a literary tradition of which to be proud. Rock “n” roll3 is an English language medium, and there are billions to be made by their cutting-edge bands. In other words, the creative economy has plenty of strength to carry the British economy.However, creative industries account for only about 4 percent of UICs exports of goods and services. The industries are finding it hard to make a profit，according to a report of the National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts. The report shows only 38 percent of British companies were engaged in innovation activities 3 percentage points below the EU average and well below Germany (61 percent) and Sweden (47 percent).In fact，it might be better to call Britain a nservantM economy there are at least 4 million people in service. The majority of the population are employed by the rich to cook, clean, and take care of their children. Many graduates are even doing menial jobs for which they do not need a degree. Most employment growth has been, and will continue to be, at the low-skill end of the service sector 一 in shops, bars，hotels，domestic service and in nursing and care homes.34. According to the World Foundation think tank, one of the iconic jobs in Britain today isA. law makersB. home servantsC. school teachersD. business consultants.35. The phrase “the cutting edge” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning toA. the most popularB. the mos丈 advancedC. the most politicalD. the proudest36. The officials are not worried about the trade deficit in 2006，because they believeA. Britain is on the cutting edge of the knowledge economy.B. Britain is home to the largest pharmaceutical industry in the world.C. the literary tradition of Britain will help make billions of pounds.D. the world economy is strong enough to carry the British economy.37. Which of the following is true about the creative industries in Britain?A. They are not doing as well as those in other European nations.B. They contribute a lot to the countrys trade deficit.C. They cant make a profit out of their innovative activities.D. They make Britain on the cutting edge of the knowledge economy.38. It can be inferred from the passage thatA. the gift of talking can keep the British economy growing.B. the British economy is the least innovative one in the EU.C. the British government is over-confident in its economy.D. being a servant to the rich is one of the best jobs in Britain.第三篇 The Sandwich GenerationToday people often look forward to their middle age as a time when they will be able to take things easier. After their children are grown，they expect to enjoy the life they have worked hard to create. However the reality is often very different. In middle age，many people discover that they have two ongoing responsibilities1: one is to look after their aging parents, and the other is to help their young adult children deal with the pressures of life. Around the world, there are millions of people who are “sandwiched” in between the older and the younger generations. Sometimes there may be two or three generations living in the same household a situation that is common in many Asian countries and in some parts of Europe. In other cases, a couple may be taking care of parents and children, but they do not live with them.There are two important reasons for the rise of the sandwich generation. First, people are living longer than they used to. In the early nineteenth century, the average life expectancy for adults in the United States，for example, was about 40，whereas today people live to an average age of 75. Therefore, children are taking care of their parents over a longer period of time. The second reason is that these days, young adults often live with their parents for a longer time than they did in the past. This is often for financial reasons. Its also more common for todays young adults to return home during or after college if they need financial or emotional support.Young adults feel sandwiched between their financial responsibilities and their desire to enjoy life. They may have to cover expenses that their parents cannot. They may have to manage their parents financial and legal affairs. They may have to prepare for their parents future needs, such as special medical care or a move to a nursing home. This can be a traumatic experience for everyone.Caring for adult children presents chal