第三册 第五课 教学课件.ppt

Unit5 TheCompanyMan Objective1Tofamiliarizethestudentstherhetoricalfeaturesofthetext Repetitionofkeysentences phrasesandwords Objective2 Tohelpstudentsunderstandhowatextachievescoherencewithavarietyofcohesivedevicesrangingfromrepetition reference substitution ellipsistoconjunction Background Theauthor EllenGoodman EllenGoodman 1941 journalistandcolumnistwhowritesforNewsweek theDetroitFreePress andtheBostonGlobe graduated cumlaude fromRadcliffeCollege ShewasawardedthePulitzerprizeforDistinguishedCommentaryin1980 Shebeganherworkingcareerin1963 ShewasnamednewspaperwomanoftheyearbytheNewEnglandPressAssociationin1968 andcolumnistoftheyearbytheNewEnglandWomen sPressAssociationin1975 Since1979 Goodmanhaspublishedfivecollectionsofhercolumnsdealingwithcontemporarythemes ClosetoHome AtLarge KeepinginTouch MakingSense ValueJudgments HerPulitzerPrizewinningcommentaryappearsinmorethan375newspapers Goodmanhasastronginterestinsocialchanges Shehasdiscussedfamily politics ethicsandmaleandfemalerelationships Hercolumnshavewonvastnumbersofreadersfortheirkeen insightfulobservationsandcleverwit Shewritesaboutwhatisinthenews onhermind andofconcerntowomenandmenacrossthecountry TheCompanyManThisessayistakenfromClosetoHome Itdescribesaworkaholic thevicepresidentofacompany whoworkshimselftodeathandleavesbehindawifeandthreeadultchildren HowdoesGoodmandescribeacompanyman Shedefinesthecompanymanbyusingasingleexampleofapersonwhoseclothing eatinghabits andrelationshipswithhisfamilyareallcharacterizedbywork HowdoesGoodmansatirizeworkaholism Goodmansatirizesworkaholismbyendingtheessaywiththepresident srequirementforanotherworkaholic TypeA TypeBPersonality FriedmanandRosenman 1959 conductedstudiesonthelinkbetweenstressandheartdisease OneoftheoutcomeswasthediscoveryofTypeAandTypeBpersonalities TypeA PeoplewhoareclassifiedashavingTypeApersonalityhavecharacteristicslike highlyactive competitive aggressive hostile impatient fasttalkingandthinking TypeA Theyhaveasenseoftimeurgency finditdifficulttorelax andoftenbecomeimpatientandangrywhentheygetdelayed oriftheyaregoingtobelate orarearoundotherpeoplewhomtheyviewasincompetent ItisassumedthatTypeApeople whoaresaidtocarrytheAantigen totendtohavemoreriskofheart cardiovascular diseasethanTypeBpeople TypeBPeoplewhoareclassifiedashavingTypeBpersonalityarebetteratrelaxingwithoutfeelingguiltyandworkingwithoutbecominganxiousoragitated Someoftheothercharacteristicsincludebeingmorerelaxedabouttime theydon tgetoverlystressedaboutbeinglate andarenoteasilyangered TypeB Youprobablyknowpeoplewhojustseemedtoberelaxedpeoplewhodon tgetangryoften thesearethecharacteristicsofaTypeB TheyaretheoppositeofTypeApeople Whichdoyougenerallybelongto TypeAorTypeBpersonality Whateffectdoesyourpersonalitybringabouttoyourlife WhatdoyouknowaboutWorkaholism compulsivenessaboutworking Workaholism Workaholismisamodernaddiction Manypeoplehavebeenafflictedbyit Thecauseofworkaholismisthatprofessionalachievementsaretiedupwithself image Structureof workaholism Thephenomenonissowidespreadanditssocialconsequencessodamagingthatithasacquiredthenickname workaholism acombinationofthewords work and alcoholism Canyounamesomefeaturesofaworkaholic Theyresisttakingbreaksorrewardingthemselveswithvacations Iftheymusttakevacations they relikelytobehighlyorganizedandgoal oriented Theworkaholicpushesandpushes andasheisapproachinghisgoal heneedsanotheronetoworktowards Aworkaholicisnotabletostopandenjoyhisaccomplishments Workaholics Workaholicsbelievethat byworkinglongerhoursandcompletingmoreprojects theywillenhancetheirself worth Workaholicsthinkaboutworkconstantlyand ifunabletowork feelpanickyordepressed Workaholicshavehighexpectationsoftheirwork andtheirsingle mindedfocusonworknegativelyimpactsotherareasoftheirlivessuchasfamilyandleisure Groupwork discussionWhatisthecauseofworkaholism Whatpressuresdoyouthinkarecompanystaffunder Nameafewofthem 1 Pressurefromwork notenoughrest endlessworktofulfillevenonholidays 2 Pressurefromcompetitionofnewstaff competentnewcomersinthecompanybringaboutgreatpressureforthepresentones 3 Pressureofone sownfurtherdevelopment thesecausepressureandmakessomewhite collarworkersworried Someevenrechargethemselveswhileworking 4 Pressurefromfeeling unsatisfyingproblemsinfamily Somearefacedwithdivorce marriage remarry Alltheseimposepressures becausetheymakeitdifficulttoconcentrateonone swork 5 Pressurefrominterpersonalrelationship officephilosophy TheText HighlightsThetexttalksaboutacompanymandevotedallhisthoughtsandenergytoworkandeverythingelsesecondarytothatandtheendmightbeconsideredtragicallyheroic heworkedhimselftodeath Theauthorpaintsanironicpictureofthecutthroatlifeofacompanymanandhisfamily Themanwasaworkaholicwhodiedofaheartattack whichsurprisednoone Hiswifelosthimyearsagotohiswork andhischildrendidnotknowhimwell Lead in Pre readingQuestions Discussion Whatdoyouthinkisthelifeofatypicalworkaholiclike Howimportantdoyouthinkisworktoaperson StructuralAnalysis Howmanypartsdoesthetextconsistof Whatisthegeneralideaofeachpart FourParts Part1 Paragraph1 Thisisintroductorypartofthetext Thefirstsentenceprovidetheinformationabout who what how and when Finally suggeststhedoomedendingoftheworkaholic Precisely emphasizeshisdevotiontowork ashediedonaSunday adaywhenpeoplearesupposedtotakearest Part2 Paragraph2 6 Thispartreportshowdevotedthemanwastohiswork Unlikemostessayswhichusuallymakeitclearwhothecharacterisattheverybeginning thisessaybeginswiththepronoun He Part2 Attheendofthethirdparagraphwherethenamewasfinallymentioned readersonlygettoknowthefirstnameofthedeceased nothisfullname Part2 This ontheonehand ismeanttogetthefactthatworkaholicismhasbecomeacommonphenomenon Thedeceasedwasonlyoneofthemanyworkaholicswhoburythemselvesintheirworkandforgetallabouttheirindividuality Part3 Paragraph7 13 ThispartdescribesPhil sroleinhisfamily Athome thewifehaslostherhusbandtohisworkformanyyears Andhiseldestsontriedtoknowwhathisfatherwaslikefromhisneighbors Hisdaughterfoundnothingtotalkwithhimandhisyoungestsonhadverylittletosharewithhim Tohischildren heseemslikeastranger apassingtraveler Part3 Theauthorrepeats hefinallyworkedhimselftodeath atprecisely3 00a m Sundaymorning threetime Byrepeatingthissentence theauthorrelatesthetwocontradictoryideas workonSundayandthusrevealsthepersonalityofthemanandsuggeststhatthemanisdestinedtobeexhausted PartFour Paragraph14 16 AfterthecauseofPhil sdeathbeingrestated theauthorgoesontoreportthecompanypresident sinquiryforhissuccessor Byputtingcontradictoryactionsorideastogethersuchas workhimself at3 00a m Sundaymorning OnSundays Philworeasportsjackettotheoffice he hisson wentaroundtheneighborhoodresearchinghisfather theauthorcreatesthevividimageofaworkaholic onewhoworkedondayswhenotherswerehavingtheirholidaysandonewhofailedtobeaqualifiedhusbandandfatherwhilebeingsuccessfulinhiscareer Thearticleendswithapresident squestion who sbeenworkingthehardest thisquestionshowsthatbeinghard workingisthedecidingfactorindeterminingwhetheronewillbepromoted Fromthis wecanlearnthatitwasthissocialvalueofthecompetitivesocietythatdeterminedPhil sattitudetowardsworkandcausedhisdeath TextAnalysis Part1 Paragraph1 Questionstothinkabout Whatcanyoulearnfromthefirstparagraph Heworkedhimselftodeath finallyandprecisely at3 00a m Sundaymorning Whatarethefunctionsofthetwoadverbs finallyandprecisely inthissentence Finally suggeststhetragicendingofthedeceased whichisdestinedtobetheman s Precisely highlightstheexacttimeofhisdeath thusstressinghisdevotiontowork What sthefunctionofthefirstsentence Totelltheresultsoastocatchthereaders attention Para1sentence1 Hediedofoverworkat3 Sundaymorningexactly precisea preciselyad precisionn preciseinformation detailsetcareexact clear andcorrectsynonym exact salesfigures1 Itwasdifficulttoget information 2 She salotolderthanyou isn tshe Fifteenyears tobe 2 onlybeforen usedtoemphasizethatyouarereferringtoanexactthing synonym exact Atthat moment herhusbandwalkedin The causeofthediseaseisunknown the locationoftheship the natureoftheiragreementsomeonewhoispreciseisverycarefulaboutsmalldetailsoraboutthewaytheybehavea carefulwomanwith movementsofhishands Part2Para2 coronarya relatingtotheheartSynonym cardiaccoronarydiseasecoronaryartery oneofthetwoarteriesthatsupplybloodtotheheartcoronarythrombosis adiseasewhichcausessomeone shearttosuddenlystopworking becausetheflowofbloodtoithasbeenblockedbyasmallpieceofsolidblood n plural coronaries countable synonym heartattackifsomeonehasacoronary theirheartsuddenlystopsworkingbecausetheflowofbloodtoithasbeenblockedbyasmallpieceofsolidblood HewasaperfectTypeA HisbloodgroupisA heworkedobsessivelyandisoneofthemosttypical thehighest workaholic Pluralform workaholics N 1 personwithacompulsiveneedtowork example Eg Iamaworkaholic Ifyoulookuptheword workaholic inWebster sdictionary youcanfindmypicturerightthereundertheword 我是工作狂 查阅韦式字典当中的 工作狂 一词 你会发现我的照片就刊登在那个单词下 Moreonworkaholic Idonotwanttobecomeaworkaholic 我不想成为工作狂 Hewasalifelongworkaholic whopainteddawntodusksevendaysaweek 他终生醉心于工作 天天从早画到晚 Para3 oneofthethreemightconceivably Paraphrase Itisbelievedthatoneofthethreemightbecomethepresidentofthecompanyifthepresidentdiedorretiredsoonenough Here conceivablymeansmostlikelyorbelievably conceivableadj conceivev conceptionn abletobebelievedorimagined believablyAnt 反义词 inconceivable1 Itis thatyoumaygetfullcompensation butit snotlikely 2 Wewerediscussingtheproblemsfromevery angle conceivablyad 3 interestratescouldriseveryhighindeed Para4 executiven countable 1 amanagerinanorganizationorcompanywhohelpsmakeimportantdecisionsamarketingexecutivesenior topexecutivetopexecutivesonhighsalariesChiefExecutiveOfficer CEO2theexecutive thepartofagovernmentthatmakessuredecisionsandlawsworkwell3 BritishEnglish agroupofpeoplewhoareinchargeofanorganizationandmaketherulestheunion sexecutive executivea onlybeforenoun 1relatingtothejobofmanagingabusinessororganizationandmakingdecisionsacommissionwithexecutivepowersexecutivebody committeeetc agroupofpeoplewhohavethepowertomakedecisions 2fortheuseofpeoplewhohaveimportantjobsinacompanytheexecutivedining room3expensiveanddesignedforpeoplewhoearnalotofmoneyexecutivecars homesetc executivetoys objectsforbeingplayedwithatwork Para4Hehadnooutside extracurricular golfgamethatway ParaphraseHespentsomuchtimeworkingthathehadnointerestswhatsoever Extracurricularinterests hispersonalinterestsandhobbiesbeyondtheregularduties schedule etc Part2 Questionsforconsideration1 CanyoudescribetherelationshipbetweenPhilandhiswifeandhischildren 2 WhydidPhil swifetrytoconcealherbitternessinfrontofthepresidentatthefuneral Keys 1 openbasedonthetext2 sinceshewasconcernedaboutherfinancialsituationafterherhusbanddied Threeofthemwillbeseriouslyconsideredforhisjob Threeofthemareseriouslythoughtabouttoreplacehim moveintohisposition taketheplaceofhispartinthecompany PartIIIPara7 Butitdidlisthis survivors accuratelyParaphrase Butit theobituary didlisthisfamilymemberswhowerestillalive Heissurvivedbyhis passivevoice Hiswifeliveslongerthanhim Here survivemeans livelongerthan AgoodwomanofnoparticularmarketableskillsParaphrase Agoodwomanwhodidn thavespecialskills marketable beingindemandbyespeciallyemployers marketableskills employableskills就业能力2 Sththatcanbesold sthfittobesoldeg 1 Therearemanymarketableproducts 2 Stenographyisnolongeramarketableskill 速记法已没有多大市场了 Moreexamplesof marketable YaohasbecomeofthemostmarketableNBAplayerswithhisglobalappeal 由于姚明吸引了全球的目光 他成了NBA极具市场价值的球员 Marketablesecuritiesmakeexcellentcollateral butfewerfirmsthatneedloansalsoholdportfoliosofstocksandbonds 虽然有价证券是很好的担保 但是需要贷款的公司很少有股票和证券的资产组合 Ialreadyhave Whatdoesthissentencetendtoillustrate keys ShemeanttosaythatPhilwassoengrossedinworkthatheneglectedhisfamily Shehadalreadylosthimtohisworkformanyyears Para8 shewouldbe welltakencareof Paraphrase Thecompanywouldlookafterherwellandwouldpayforherhusband sdeath Para11 doingenoughjobstostayingrassandfood Paraphrase Doingenoughtemporaryjobstostayaliveondrugandfood referstoNote4please Grass herereferstothemarijuana asoftandillegaldrugmadefromthedriedleavesandflowersofthehempplant whichproducesafeelingofpleasantrelaxationifsmokedoreaten Oddjobs variousmanualandtemporaryjobs Para11 Hewastheonewho trytomeanenoughtohimtokeepthemanathomeParaphrase Onlydidhetryveryhardtobepresentasanimportantparttohisfatherandthushopetokeephisfatherathome Grab succeedingettingone sattention totakeorgraspsuddenlyEg Hegrabbedthecoinandranoff Here takeholdofsbfirmlyMeansthtosb beofimportanceorvaluetosbeg Ican ttellhowMaryismeanttome Para12Board Paraphrase MyfatherandIonlygetmealsandsleepathome Para13 thewidowdidn tlookhimintheeye Paraphrase thewidowdidn tlookathimdirectly Para13 Shewasafraidhecouldreadherbitterness andallthat andsoforth 诸如此类的事 Paraphrase couldsettleherfinancialdifficultiesandsoforth Stockoptions 股权 Arightgrantedbyacorporationtoofficersoremployeesasaformofcompensationthatallowspurchaseofcorporatestockatafixedpriceataspecifiedtimewithreimbursementderivedfromthedifferencebetweenpurchaseandmarketprices Straightenout tosolveorsettle toremovedifficulties fromsomething orthedoubtorignorance insomebody smind E g Weneedsomeonecapableofstraighteningoutalltheconfusion Para14 Overweight weighingmorethanisnormal necessary orallowed especiallyhavingmorebodyweightthanisconsiderednormalorhealthyforone sageorbuild Fat impliesexcessiveweightandisgenerallyunfavorableinitsconnotations E g Charlieisnotmerelyoverweightbutdownrightfat Obese impliesgrossoverweight Fleshy suggestsanotnecessarilyexcessiveabundanceofflesh E g Susanquitelikesherboyfriend sfirm fleshyarms Stout issometimesusedapolitetermtodescribefatness Instricterapplicationstoutreferstopersonwithathickset bulkyfigure E g Evenslimgirlscanbecomestoutmatrons Pudgy meansshortandfat E gHispudgyfingerslookreallyfunny Plump appliestopleasingfullnessoffigureE g EverybodylovesRita theplump rosylittlegirl Achubbypersonisroundandplump E g achubbytoddler chubbycheeks Aheart attacknatural pickhimout alineup Apersonwhohasthenatural inclination tendencyofSuffering beingdownwith heartattack Itwasveryeasyforyoutofind spot himfromalineofpeople Para16firstsentence ThecompanypresidenthadbeguntoaskaboutwhocouldtakePhil splace Discreetly withdiscretion prudentlyandwithwiseself restraintDiscreet adj carefultoavoidsocialembarrassmentordistress espbykeepingconfidencessecret tactful Egsfordiscreetly Hisutteranceswerediscreetlyacademic 他的言论严谨 具有学术性 Heactedwithdiscretion iediscreetly 他做得很谨慎 Butbeforeyoutakethiscourse discreetly askcoworkersifthey veclashedwithyourbossinthepast 但在你采取这一步骤之前 要谨慎地询问一下同事 他们是否过去也与你的老板有过冲突 LanguagepointsinPart2 survivemarketablemotheringwidowstraightenout Part3 QuestionWhateffectdoesthelastparagraphachieve Andhow Abitterironythatstrikeusasheavy hearted itshowsthatbeinghard workingisthedecidingfactorindeterminingwhetheronewillbepromoted WethuscanlearnhatitisthesocialvalueofthiscompetititvesocietyhatdeterminedPhil sattitudetowardsworkandcausedhisdeath Doyouknowthem Survive tolivelongerthan tooutlineE g it samazingthatshecouldhavesurvivedallherchildrenandgrandchildren Marketable wantedbypurchasersoremployersE g Theyhavefailedtolaunchamarketablemodelforyears Straightenout tosolveorsettle toremovedifficulties fromsomething orthedoubtorignorance insomebody smind E g Weneedsomeonecapableofstraighteningoutalltheconfusion RhetoricalAnalysis Incolloquialstyle Goodmandepictsironicallythelifeofaworkaholicandhisfamily Whatdevicesareadoptedtomakeherwritingmoreeffective RepetitionParallelismVariationoflengthofsentencesFindsomeexamplesfromthetextforeach Revisionofthetext LanguagepointsinthistextQuestionsforrevisiondiscussionWhatwasPhil Hewasthevicepresidentofthecompany Hewasaworkaholic Hewasnervousandhadastrongdesireforsuccess HowaboutPhil srelationshipwithhiswife Hiswifelosthimforyearstohiswork Hiswifeoncetriedtostophimfromoverworkingbutfailed HowaboutPhil srelationshipwithhischildren Hiseldestsonmadeinquiriesabouthisfatherfromtheneighbors Hisdaughterdidnotknowhowtotalkwithherfatherwhentheyweretogether Hisyoungestsonfailedtodistracthisfatherfromhisworkandturnedtodrugsforhelp WhydidPhil swifetrytoconcealherbitternessinfrontofthepresidentatthefuneral Shewasconcernedaboutherfinancialsituationafterherhusbanddied Philprovidedwellforhiswidow Whatconstitutesaworkaholic Workcomesbeforeanythingelse includingfamily happinessandhealth Whydidn tpeoplebelievethatPhildiedofheartattack Heworkedhimselftodeath HediedonaSunday whichwashisonlydayoff Heatefastfoodeveryday Hewasoverweight Hetooknoexercises Hehadnotimetorelaxhimself Workingandnoplayingresultedintheheartattack WhatwaslackinginPhil slife Hisfamily Hishealth Whatimpactdoesthefinalparagraphhave Theironyoftheauthor Thephilosophyofthecompanyistorewardthosewhoworkthehardest Whatdoyoulearnfromthistext Wouldyouliketobeaworkaholicinthefutureformoney statusoranythingelse Exercises Textbook Page58 64 Textcomprehension I BII FTFF III TextQuestions Givehersomefinancialsupportsoastorelieveherworries Achieveironiceffectontherelationshipbetweenhefatherandhischild Philloveshissonbuthehadlittletimewithhimandhissonknewverylittleabouthim Distant estranged alienated Fullofirony itrevealsthecutthroatcompetitionofthesociety IV Buttheobituarydidlistthefamilymembersofthedead Itwastheboywhomadeeffortstodiverthisfather sattentionfromwork vocabulary 1 diedofself motivatedoverwork madehimselfoverworkanddiedasaresult 2 mostlikely thehighestpositioninhiscompany president 3 withnospecialskillswantedbyaemployer4 tryingtodiscover knowmoreabout factsabouthisfatherbycollectingneighbors memoriesofhisfather 5 hadbeenveryimportant hadbeenofgreatvalue6 apersonwhohasthenaturaltendencyofbeingdownwithheartattack apersonsuitedbynatureforheartattack Fillintheblankineachsentencewithawordtakenfromtheboxintheproperform boarddiscreetlypreciselyclassicExecutivesurviveconceivablygrabwidowdeceasedobituaryworkaholic Thewoman herhusbandbynineyears 2 Theplotofthenovel thereader 3 Notwantingtodrawanyattention Roywent intothelecturehall 4 Welearnedabouther fatherbyreadinghis inTheTimes survivedgrabsdiscreetlydeceasedobituary 5 Idonotunderst