《企业人力资源管理人员》英语阅读理解专项练习.doc

上海市职业资格鉴定企业人力资源管理人员（助理人力资源管理师）英语阅读理解专项练习解题策略（初稿）联系QQ：185952345二一二年一月阅读理解出题类型及解题法小结：(1) 词意题 晓知词意； 若否，根据单词的前后缀或阅读上下文进行猜测。(2) 推断题 （1题左右） 从上下文寻找其所列选项有无在原文中描述； 使用排除法。排除含有绝对词的选项，如no, one, only, never, must, absolutely等。(3) 排除题（字眼except） （2题左右） 易出现在带项目编号的内容或数字编号的内容； 易出现在冒号后面的内容； 易出现在许多并列短语的场合。注：特别注意except前的单词，若false，则在选项中找出符合原文的正确描述；若true，则在选项中找出不符合原文的正确描述；若include，则在选项中找出原文未提及的描述。(4) 态度题 （1题左右） 根据选项中的关键词在文中定位，通常针对某个定义出题； 表达作者的主观态度：同意或否定，如agree, disagree。注意选项与原文描述的细微区别。(5) 计算题 简单常识计算； 根据原文描述的原则进行计算。(6) 主旨题 （最后一题） 首段首句（开篇点明）；（概率较大） 首段末句； 末段。注：仔细核对。出题者有可能作如下改变： 在选项中添加否定词，表达与原文相反的意思； 在选项中使用原文关键词的反义词，表达反意； 将选项中某些关键词的主次关系颠倒。以上内容并不完全覆盖所有解题策略，仅为一孔之见，若有不当之处，还请指正！47专业英语试卷1通篇概念理解法（一）The context for obtaining the people required will be the labor markets in which the organization is operating which are:1.The internal labor market- the stocks and flows of people within the organization who can be promoted, trained, or re-deployed to meet future needs.2.The external labor market- the external local, regional, national and international markets from which different sorts of people can be recruited. There are usually a number of markets, and the labor supply in these markets may vary considerably. Likely shortages will need to be identified so that steps can be taken to deal with them, for example by developing a more attractive employment proposition.As part of the human resource planning process, an organization may have to formulate make or buy policy decisions. A make policy means that organization prefers to recruit people at a junior level or as trainee, and rely mainly on promotion from within and training programs to meet future needs. A buy policy means that more reliance will be placed on recruiting from outside- bringing fresh blood into the organization. In practice, organizations tend to mix the two choices together to varying degrees, depending on the situation of the firm and the type of people involves. A highly entrepreneurial company operating in the turbulent conditions, or one which has just started up, will probably rely almost entirely on external recruitment. When dealing with knowledge workers, there may be little choicethey tend to be much more mobile, and resourcing strategy may have to recognize that external recruitment will be the main source of supply. Management consultancies typically fall into this category. Firms which can predict people requirements fairly and accurately may rely more on developing their own staff once they have been recruited.1. A make policy means that organization prefers to promote people from . “制造”政策指的是组织机构宁愿提拔怎样的人？A. regional labor market 地区劳动力市场B. national labor market 国家劳动力市场C. internal labor market 内部劳动力市场D. international labor market 国际劳动力市场2. According to the passage, management consultancies . 根据上文，管理工作应如何？A. are less mobile than people at a junior level 其流动性比中级水平的人来得少B. should be recruited from external labor market 应从外部劳动力市场招募C. should be promoted from within the organization 在组织机构内部进行升迁D. are not knowledge workers 不是有经验知识的员工3. If a firm can predict people requirements fairly accurately, it may not .若某一公司能相当准确地预测员工的要求，就不可能A. develop their own staff 发展培养本公司的员工B. formulate training programs 制定培训计划C. promote people from within the organization 在组织机构内提拔员工D. rely more on recruiting from outside 更多地从外面进行招聘4. Make or buy policy decision is a part of . “制造或购买”政策是什么的一部分？A. human resource planning 人力资源规划B. training and development 培训与发展C. performance appraisal 绩效评估D. job analysis 职业分析5. The best title of this passage is . 最适合本文的标题是？A. The organizational context of human resource planning 人力资源规划的组织含义B. Aims of human resource planning 人力资源规划的目的C. The labor market context for human resource planning 针对人力资源规划的劳动力市场的含义D. Limitations of human resource planning 人力资源规划的局限性（二）Wlaters (1983) identifies nine sources of information which help to identify training priorities. These are:1.Organizational goals and corporate plans which indicate the direction in which the organization is going and, therefore, major training priorities.2. Human resource and succession planning which provides information on future skill requirements and management training needs.3.Personnel statistics on, for example, labor turnover, which highlight HR issues which might be addressed by training.4.Exit interviews which might suggest deficiencies in training arrangements.5.Consultation with senior managers which obtains opinions on training needs from key decision makers.6.Data on productivity, quality and performance which show where there are any gaps between expectations and results or negative trends, and therefore suggest training needs.7.Departmental layout changes which provide information about future developments and related training needs.8.Management requests for training which set out perceived needs.9.Knowledge of financial plans which determine whether the funds will be available for training, and may encourage fresh approaches if resources are limited.Two other sources not directly mentioned by Walters are plans for introducing new technology or developing IT systems, and marketing plans which indicate where new skills are required to market new products or services, use different selling techniques or operate in new territories.1. According to Wlaters, is (are) major training priorities. 根据Wlaters的表述，什么是最主要的培训内容？A. human resource and succession planning 人力资源和可持续发展计划B. personnel statistics 人员统计C. exit interviews 离职面谈D. organizational goals and corporate plans 组织目标和企业计划2. Human resource and succession planning provides information on . 人力资源和可持续发展计划提供什么方面的信息？A. the direction in which the organization is going 组织机构的发展方向B. future skill requirements and management training needs 未来的技术要求和里培训需求C. deficiencies in training arrangements 培训安排的缺陷D. any gaps between expectations and results or negative trends 期望值与实际结果或消极趋势间的差距3. The following sources of information which help to identify training priorities are mentioned by Wlaters except . 以下信息源有助于确定Wlaters提到的培训内容，除了哪一条？A. marketing plans 市场计划B. departmental layout changes 部门规划的变化C. data on productivity, quality and performance 生产力、质量和绩效方面的数据D. consultation with senior managers 与高级经理的磋商4. According to the passage, the following statements are true except . 根据本文，以下哪条陈述是不正确的？A. Departmental layout changes provide information about future developments and related training needs. 部门规划的变化提供有关未来发展和相关培训需求的信息B. Exit interviews highlight HR issues which might be addressed by training. 离职面谈突出了人力资源的问题，这可能通过培训可予以解决C. Data on productivity, quality and performance show where there are any gaps between expectations and results or negative trends. 生产力、质量和绩效方面的数据显示了期望值与实际结果或消极趋势间的差距D. Marketing plans indicate where new skills are required to market new products or services. 市场计划指出市场新产品或服务所要求的新技术5. The main topic about this passage is illustrating . 本文的主要议题是为了说明什么？A. sources of information which provide information on management training needs 信息源提供有关管理培训需求的信息B. sources of information of major training priorities 主要培训内容的信息源C. sources of information which help to identify training priorities 有助确定培训内容的信息源D. sources of information which provide information about future developments and related training needs. 提供有关未来发展和相关培训需求的信息源关键字查询定位法首先阅读题目及其选项，再浏览文章。（一）The context for obtaining the people required will be the labor markets （出现频率最高）in which the organization is operating which are:1.The internal labor market- the stocks and flows of people within the organization who can be promoted, trained, or re-deployed to meet future needs.2.The external labor marker- the external local, regional, national and international markets from which different sorts of people can be recruited. There are usually a number of markets, and the labor supply in these markets may vary considerably. Likely shortages will need to be identified so that steps can be taken to deal with them, for example by developing a more attractive employment proposition.As part of the human resource planning process （此为答案）, an organization may have to formulate make or buy policy decisions（此为句子末尾，故往前查询）. A make policy means that organization prefers to recruit people at a junior level or as trainee, and rely mainly on promotion from within （可解释为“内部的”）and training programs to meet future needs. A buy policy means that more reliance will be placed on recruiting from outside- bringing fresh blood into the organization. In practice, organizations tend to mix the two choices together to varying degrees, depending on the situation of the firm and the type of people involves. A highly entrepreneurial company operating in the turbulent conditions, or one which has just started up, will probably rely almost entirely on external recruitment. When dealing with knowledge workers, there may be little choicethey tend to be much more mobile, and resourcing strategy may have to recognize that external recruitment will be the main source of supply. Management consultancies typically fall into this （有指示代词，则往前找）category. Firms which can predict people requirements fairly and accurately may rely more on developing their own staff once they have been recruited.1. A make policy means that organization prefers to promote people from .A. regional labor marketB. national labor marketC. internal labor marketD. international labor market2. According to the passage, management consultancies .A. are less mobile than people at a junior levelB. should be recruited from external labor marketC. should be promoted from within the organizationD. are not knowledge workers3. If a firm can predict people requirements fairly accurately, it may not . （猜测题。“可能不会”，作反面选择）A. develop their own staff （此为原文） B. formulate training programs （可能） C. promote people from within the organization （可能） D. rely more on recruiting from outside （会从外部招聘吗？因此，符合题意）4. Make or buy policy decision is a part of .A. human resource planning （此为原文描述）B .training and developmentC. performance appraisalD. job analysis5. The best title of this passage is . 主旨题。重点阅读文章首句或文末句，通常在此能找到相应信息。又或者是看哪些词的出现频率比较高。A. The organizational context of human resource planningB. Aims of human resource planningC. The labor market context for human resource planningD. Limitations of human resource planning（二）Wlaters (1983) identifies nine sources of information which help to identify training priorities. These are:1.Organizational goals and corporate plans which indicate the direction in which the organization is going and, therefore, major training priorities. （句末，因此往前查询。注意必定在这第一条内，不会超出该段的范围。该段只有一句，因此只要看句首就可以。）2. Human resource and succession planning which provides information on future skill requirements and management training needs.3.Personnel statistics on, for example, labor turnover, which highlight HR issues which might be addressed by training.4.Exit interviews which might suggest deficiencies in training arrangements.5.Consultation with senior managers which obtains opinions on training needs from key decision makers.6.Data on productivity, quality and performance which show where there are any gaps between expectations and results or negative trends, and therefore suggest training needs.7.Departmental layout changes which provide information about future developments and related training needs.8.Management requests for training which set out perceived needs.9.Knowledge of financial plans which determine whether the funds will be available for training, and may encourage fresh approaches if resources are limited.Two other sources not directly mentioned （未提出）by Walters are plans for introducing new technology or developing IT systems, and marketing plans which indicate where new skills are required to market new products or services, use different selling techniques or operate in new territories.1. According to Wlaters, is (are) major training priorities. A. human resource and succession planningB. personnel statisticsC. exit interviewsD. organizational goals and corporate plans 2. Human resource and succession planning provides information on . 根据关键字可定为至文中的第2条，注意句中介词on后面的内容，即为答案。A. the direction in which the organization is goingB. future skill requirements and management training needsC. deficiencies in training arrangementsD. any gaps between expectations and results or negative trends3. The following sources of information which help to identify training priorities are mentioned by Wlaters except . 排除题。注意单词except, 意为“把.除外, 不计”。即将文中未提到的内容，但却出现在选项内的内容挑选出来。此处根据关键词出现的位置，可想而知是把握全局的一道选题。故可以快速浏览下文各段的首句，并作好相应标记。A. marketing plans 文末提到该市场计划没有被指出。B. departmental layout changes 第7条C. data on productivity, quality and performance 第6条D. consultation with senior managers 第5条4. According to the passage, the following statements are true except .此题选择错误的表述，只要仔细核对是否与原文表述相同即可，最好读完整句子。切忌贪快。A. Departmental layout changes provide information about future developments and related training needs. 第7条B. Exit interviews highlight HR issues which might be addressed by training. 前半句用了第4条，后半句用了第3条。C. Data on productivity, quality and performance show where there are any gaps between expectations and results or negative trends. 第6条D. Marketing plans indicate where new skills are required to market new products or services. 文末句5. The main topic about this passage is illustrating . 主旨题。浏览文首或文末。A. sources of information which provide information on management training needsB. sources of information of major training prioritiesC. sources of information which help to identify training prioritiesD. sources of information which provide information about future developments and related training needs.Answer:（一）1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C（二）1.D 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.C专业英语试卷2（一）Multiperson comparisons evaluate one individuals performance against one or more others. It is a relative rather than （意为“而不是，而非”，即强调前者内容） an absolute measuring device. The three most popular comparisons are group order ranking, individual ranking, and paired comparisons.The group order ranking requires the evaluator to place employees into a particular classification, such as top one-fifth or second one-fifth. This method is often used in recommending students to graduate schools. Evaluators are asked to rank the student in the top five percent, the next five percent, the next fifteen percent, and so forth. But when used by managers to appraise employees, managers deal with all their subordinates. Therefore, if a rater has twenty subordinates, only four can be in the top fifth and, of course, four must also be relegated to the bottom fifth.The individual ranking approach rank orders of employees from best to worst. If the manager is required to appraise thirty subordinates, this approach assumes that the difference between the first and second employee is the same as that between the twenty-first and twenty-second. Even though some of the employees may be closely grouped, this approach allows for no ties. The result is a clean ordering of employees, from the highest performer down to the lowest.The paired comparison approach compares each employee with every other employee and rates each as either the superior or the weaker member of the pair. After all paired comparisons are made, each employee is assigned a summary ranking based on the number of superior scores he or she achieved. This approach ensures that each employee is compared against every other, but it can obviously become unwieldy when many employees are being compared.Multiperson comparisons can be combined with one of the other methods to blend the best from both absolute and relative standards. For example, a college might use the graphic rating scale and the individual ranking method to provide more accurate information about its students performance. The A, B, C, D, or E. A prospective employer or graduate school could then look at two students who each got a “B” in their different financial accounting courses and draw considerably different conclusions about each where next to one grade it says “ranked fourth out of twenty-six”, while the other says “ ranked seventeenth out of thirty”. Obviously, the latter instructor gives out a lot more high grades!1. Multiperson comparisons is a(an) measuring device. Multiperson的比喻是一种怎样的测量工具？A. absolute 绝对的B. relative 相对的C. accurate 正确的D. false 错误的2. According to the passage, there are three most popular comparisons except .根据本文，有三种通俗的比喻，除了A. group order ranking 小组顺序排列法B. individual ranking 个体排序法C. graphic rating scales （文中未提及） 图表测度法D. paired comparisons 成对比较法3. From this passage, we can infer（推断题，即文中并没有完全说明）that .此题可用排除法。A. recommending students to graduate schools often uses individual ranking. 该关键字出现在group order ranking一段内B. the paired comparison approach assumes that the difference between the first and second employee is same. 应该是individual rankingC. group order ranking ensures that each employee is compared against every other. 是paired comparison的内容D. each method of multiperson comparisons can be used simultaneously（同时地）. 4. The following statements about individual ranking are false except .定位至第3段。找正确的描述。A. it rank orders of employees from the lowest performer up to the highest 应该是from the highest performer d