外贸信函(2).doc

英语催款信书写1. How to start your letter?You have not responded in any way to our recent letters about your past due account.We remind you once more of your open account that is now _ days beyond our _-day terms.Your account is still unpaid in spite of our continual reminders asking for payment or an explanation for your delay.We urgently request that you immediately pay your balance of _, which has been outstanding since _date despite several notices from us.2. How to warn the recipient against further delay?You must realize that we cannot afford to carry this debt on our books any longer.Any further delay in paying your balance due cannot be accepted.You can no longer delay payment if you wish to keep your account open.Our next step is to take legal action to collect the money due us.This is unpleasant for both of us and is damaging to your credit rating.3. How to specify your deadline or demand immediate payment?We must now insist that you send you payment within the next five days.Unless I receive your remittance within the next three days, our attorney will be instructed to start proceedings to recover the debt.If we do not receive remittance within five days from the above date, we will have no choice but to pursue other collection procedures.After April 30, we will have no choice but to cancel your credit and turn your account over to a collection agency.4. How to end your letter?We look forward to your prompt payment.Your immediate response is necessary.Whether or not we take legal action is now your decision.Please make every effort to ensure that we are not forced to take this drastic action.We must hear from you at once to avoid further action.II. SAMPLE范文Dear _:I am afraid your failure to settle your account, which is over due for more than six months, will leave us with no alternative but resort to legal proceedings.This is to notify you that unless we receive your check for $7,550.50 by June 30, we will place your account in the hands of our attorneys for collection.Yours sincerely,_name_titleIII. TIPS掌握写作要领1. Choose a firm tone for your letter.2. Remind the recipient of your previous collection letters.3. Remind the recipient of all the necessary details:The amount owed by the recipientThe length of time the bill has been overdueThe additional amount of late charge if there is any4. Tell the recipient what kind of legal action will be taken if the final collection effort fails.外贸合同的翻译外贸合同是一种特殊的应用文体，重在记实，用词行文的一大特点就是准确与严谨。n 一、酌情使用公文语惯用副词n 合同属于法律性公文，所以英译时，有些词语要用公文语词语、特别是酌情使用英语惯用的一套公文语副词，就会起到使译文结构严谨、逻辑严密、言简意赅的作用。但是从一些合同的英文译本中发现，这种公文语副词常被普通词语所代替，从而影响到译文的质量。n 常用的这类副词是由here、there、where等副词分别加上after、by、in、of、on、to、under、upon、with等副词，构成一体化形式的公文语副词。例如：n 从此以后、今后：hereafter；n 此后、以后：thereafter；n 在其上：thereonthereupon；n 在其下：thereunder；n 对于这个：hereto；n 对于那个：whereto；n 在上文：hereinabovehereinbefore；n 在下文：hereinafterhereinbelow；n 在上文中、在上一部分中：thereinbefore；n 在下文中、在下一部分中：thereinaftern 例1：本合同自买方和建造方签署之日生效。n This Contract shall come into force from the date of execution hereof by the Buyerand the Builder.n 例2：下述签署人同意在中国制造新产品，其品牌以此为合适。n The undersigned hereby agrees that the new products whereto this trade name is more appropriate are made in China.谨慎选用极易混淆的词语n 英译合同时，常由于选词不当而致词不达意或者意思模棱两可，甚至产生误译。因此了解与掌握极易混淆的词语的区别极为重要。n shipping advice 与 shipping instructionsn shipping advice 是“装运通知”，是由出口商（卖主）发给进口商（买主）的。然而 shipping instructions 则是“装运须知”，是进口商（买主）发给出口商（卖主）的。另外要注意区分 vendor（卖主）与 vendee（买主），consignor（发货人）与 consignee（收货人）。上述这三对词语在英译时、极易发生笔误。abide by 与 comply withn abide by 与 comply with 都有“遵守”的意思但是当主语是“人”时，英译“遵守”须用 abide by。当主语是非人称时，则用 comply with 英译“遵守”。n 例 3：双方都应遵守/双方的一切活动都应遵守合同规定。n Both parties Shall abide by/All the activities of both parties shall comply with the contractual stipulations.change A to B 与 change A into Bn 英译“把 A 改为 B”用“change A to B”，英译“把 A 折合成/兑换成 B”用“change A into B”，两者不可混淆。n 例 4：交货期改为 8 月并将美元折合成人民币。 n Both parties agree that change the time of shipment to August and change US dollar into Renminbi.ex 与 pern 源自拉丁语的介词 ex 与 per 有各自不同的含义。英译由某轮船“运来”的货物时用 ex，由某轮船“运走”的货物用 Per，而由某轮船“承运”用 by。n 例 5：由“维多利亚”轮运走/运来/承运的最后一批货将于 10 月 1 日抵达伦敦。n The last batch per/ex/by S.S. Victoria will arrive at London on October (S.S. = Steamship)in 与 aftern 当英译“多少天之后”的时间时，往往是指“多少天之后”的确切的一天，所以必须用介词 in，而不能用 after，因为介词 after 指的是“多少天之后”的不确切的任何一天。n 例 6：该货于 11 月 10 日由“东风”轮运出，41 天后抵达鹿特丹港。n The good shall be shipped per M.V. Dong Feng on November 10 and are due to arrive at Rottedaml in 140 days. (M.V.= motor vessel)on/upon 与 aftern 当英译“到后，就”时，用介词 on/upon，而不用 after，因为 after 表示“之后”的时间不明确。n 例 7：发票货值须货到付给。n The invoice value is to be paid on/upon arrival of the goods.by 与 beforen 当英译终止时间时，比如“在某月某日之前”，如果包括所写日期时，就用介词 by；如果不包括所写日期，即指到所写日期的前一天为止，就要用介词 before。n 例 8：卖方须在 6 月 15 日前将货交给买方。n The vendor shall deliver the goods to the vendee by June 15.n (or: before June 16，说明含 6 月 15 日在内。如果不含 6 月 15 日,就译为 by June 14 或者 before June 15。)慎重处理合同的关键细目n 实践证明，英译合同中容易出现差错的地方，一般来说，不是大的陈述性条款。而恰恰是一些关键的细目比如：金钱、时间、数量等。为了避免出差错，在英译合同时，常常使用一些有限定作用的结构来界定细目所指定的确切范围。限定责任n 众所周知，合同中要明确规定双方的责任。为英译出双方责任的权限与范围，常常使用连词和介词的固定结构。and/orn 常用and/or英译合同中“甲和乙+甲或乙”的内容，这样就可避免漏译其中的一部分。n 例9：如果上述货物对船舶和（或）船上其它货物造成任何损害，托运人应负全责。n The shipper shall be liable for all damage caused by such goods to the ship and/or cargo on board.by and betweenn 常用by and between强调合同是由“双方”签订的，因此双方必须严格履行合同所赋于的责任。n 例10：买卖双方同意按下述条款购买出售下列商品并签订本合同。n This Contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller, whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the under mentioned commodity subject to the terms and conditions stipulated below.限定时间n 英译与时间有关的文字，都应非常严格慎重地处理，因为合同对时间的要求是准确无误。所以英译起止时间时，常用以下结构来限定准确的时间。用双介词英译含当天日期在内的起止时间。n 例11；自9月2O日起，甲方已无权接受任何定单或收据。n Party A shall be unauthorized to accept any order sort to collect any account on and after September 20.n 例12：我公司的条件是，3个月内，即不得晚于5月1日，支付现金。n Our terms are cash within three months, i.e. on or before May 1.用“not(no) later than+日期”英译“不迟于某月某日”。n 例13：本合同签字之日一个月内，即不迟于12月15日，你方须将货物装船。n Party B shall ship the goods within one month of the date of signing this Contract, i.e. not later than December 15.常用include的相应形式：inclusive、including和included，来限定含当日在内的时间。n 例14：本证在北京议付，有效期至1月1日。n This credit expires till January1(inclusive) for negotiation in Beijing. (or:This credit expires till and including January1 for negotiation in Beijing.)n 如果不包括1月1日在内，英译为till and not including January 1。限定金额为避免金额数量的差漏、伪造或涂改，英译时常用以下措施严格把关。英译金额须在小写之后，在括号内用大写文字重复该金额，即使原文合同中没有大写，英译时也有必要加上大写。在大写文字前加上“SAY”，意为“大写”；在最后加上“ONLY”意思为“整”。必须注意：小写与大写的金额数量要一致。n 例16：聘方须每月付给受聘方美元500元整。n Party A shall pay Party B a monthly salary of US$500 (SAY FIVE HUNDRED US DOLLARS ONLY).正确使用货币符号n 英译金额必须注意区分和正确使用各种不同的货币名称符号。“$”既可代表“美元”，又可代表其他某些地方的货币；而“”不仅代表“英镑”，又可代表其他某些地方的货币。n 必须注意：当金额用数字书写时，金额数字必须紧靠货币符号，例如：Can$891,568，不能写成：Can$ 891,568。另外，翻译的还要特别注意金额中是小数点(.)还是分节号(,)，因为这两个符号极易引起笔误，稍有疏忽，其后果是不堪设想的。contract 合同，订立合同contractor 订约人，承包人contractual 合同的，契约的to make a contract 签订合同to place a contract 订合同to enter into a contract 订合同to sign a contract 签合同to draw up a contract 拟订合同to draft a contract 起草合同to get a contract 得到合同to land a contract 得到/拥有合同to countersign a contract 会签合同to repeat a contract 重复合同an executory contract 尚待执行的合同a nice fat contract 一个很有利的合同originals of the contract 合同正本copies of the contract 合同副本a written contract 书面合同to make some concession 做某些让步contract terms (or contract clause) 合同条款contract provisions/stipulations 合同规定contract period (or contract term) 合同期限contract life 合同有效期to be stipulated in the contract 在合同中予以规定to be laid down in the contract 在合同中列明to bring a contract into effect 使合同生效to come into effect 生效to go (enter)into force 生效to cease to be in effect/force 失效to carry out a contract 执行合同to execute/implement/fulfil/perform a contract 执行合同cancellation of contract 撤消合同breach of contract 违反合同to break the contract 毁约to cancel the contract 撤消合同to tear up the contract 撕毁合同to approve the contract 审批合同to honour the contract 重合同to annual the contract 废除合同to terminate the contract 解除合同to alter the contract 修改合同to abide by the contract 遵守合同to go back on ones words 反悔to be legally binding 受法律约束to stand by 遵守non-payment 拒不付款to secure ones agreement 征得.的同意contract price 合约价格contract wages 合同工资contract note 买卖合同（证书）contract of employment 雇佣合同contract of engagement 雇佣合同contract of carriage 运输合同contract of arbitration 仲裁合同contract for goods 订货合同contract for purchase 采购合同contract for service 劳务合同contract for future delivery 期货合同contract of sale 销售合同contract of insurance 保险合同contract sales 订约销售contract law 合同法to ship a contract 装运合同的货物contractual dispute 合同上的争议a long-term contract 长期合同a short-term contract 短期合同contract parties 合同当事人contractual practice/usage 合同惯例contractual claim 根据合同的债权contractual liability/obligation 合同规定的义务contractual income 合同收入contractual specifications 合同规定contractual terms & conditions 合同条款和条件contractual guarantee 合同规定的担保contractual damage 合同引起的损害contractual-joint-venture 合作经营，契约式联合经营completion of contract 完成合同execution of contract 履行合同performance of contract 履行合同interpretation of contract 解释合同expiration of contract 合同期满renewal of contract 合同的续订常用英文商业书信大全第一部分：1. 请求建立商业关系2. 回复对方建立商业关系的请求3. 请求担任独家代理4. 拒绝对方担任独家代理5. 同意对方担任独家代理6. 借引荐建立业务关系7. 邀请参观贸易展览会8. 与过去有贸易往来的公司联系9. 确认约会10. 感谢客户订货11. 向长期客户推销新产品12. 为商贸指南兜揽广告13. 请求客户作推荐人14. 通知客户价格调整15. 说明价格调整原因16. 回复感谢信17. 请客户征询其它公司18. 改善服务19. 拒绝客户的要求20. 应付难办的客户21. 祝贺新公司成立22. 非正式的预约要求23. 物色代理商24. 欢迎新代理商25. 要求约见26. 拒绝约见27. 同意约见28. 欢迎新客户29. 终止商业关系A1.第一次询价A2. 答复第一次询价A3钢螺钉询价A4. . 答复钢螺钉询价A5.询问盘子价格细目A6.索取样品和询价A7 索取临时发票A8 寄送临时发票A9提供代用品报价A10订购商品A11开具所需商品单并要求尽快装运A12确认订货A13要求按订货单发货A14无法供货A15拒绝订货A16再次订货A17拒绝接受再次订货A18拒绝特别订货要求A19招标A20要求按期发货A21收到订单及供货安排A22原订单与现价有出入A23通知需延期交货B1 报实价B2主动报价B3敦促买主接受报价B4还价B5拒绝还价条款B6对价格作出让步B7加价前作出优惠B8提出降价要求以便订货B9订货前说明要求降价原因B10再次要求削价B11对议价信件的回复B12同意削价并附价格单B13不同意削价并进行解释和说服B14婉言拒绝降价要求C1寄送销售合同C2寄送销售确认书C3确认购货C4买卖成交C5寄回连署文件C6建议用信用证付款C7答复用信用证付款的建议C8要求分期付款C9答复分期付款的要求C10要求直接付款C11答复直接付款的要求C12说明付款条件C13要求修改付款条件C14同意修改付款条件C15要求按承兑交单付款C16答复按承兑交单付款要求C17要求开立信用证C18要求认可信用证C19修改信用证C20延长信用证期限C21消除误会C22要求付清余款C23要求提供信用资料C24拒绝特别贷款C25拒绝赊销C26按现金提货方式订货C27催缴通知C28过期帐项的催款单C29延迟付款C30通知逾期缴交帐款D1说明标记要求D2说明包装要求D3催促装运安排D4装运通知D5要求早日装运D6介绍集装箱服务D7建议部分装运D8通知部分装运D9介绍集装箱装运1请求建立商业关系Rogers Chemical Supply Co. 10E.22Street Omaha8,Neb Gentlemen: We have obtained your name and address from Aristo Shoes, Milan , and we are writing to enquire whether you would be willing to establish business relations with us. We have been importers of shoes for many years. At present, We are interested in extending our, range and would appreciate your catalogues and quotations.If your prices are competitive we would expect to transact a significant volume of business. We look forward to your early reply. Very truly yours 自米兰职权里斯托鞋类公司取得贵公司和地址，特此修函，祈能发展关系。多年来，本公司经营鞋类进口生意，现欲扩展业务范围。盼能惠赐商品目录和报价表。 如价格公道，本公司必大额订购。 烦请早日赐复。 此致 2.回复对方建立商业关系的请求Thank your for your letter of the 16th of this month. We shall be glad to enter into business relations with your company. In compliance with your request, we are sending you, under separate cover, our latest catalogue and price list covering our export range. Payment should be made by irrevocable and confirmed letter of credit. Should you wish to place an order, please telex or fax us. 本月16日收到有关商务关系的来函，不胜欣喜。谨遵要求另函奉上最新之出口商品目录和报价单。款项烦请以不可撤销保兑之信用状支付。如欲订货，请电传或传真为盼。 此致 敬礼3.请求担任独家代理We would like to inform you that we act on a sole agency basis fora number of manufacturers. We specialize in finished cotton goods for the Middle eastern market: Our activities cover all types of household linen. Until now , we have been working with your textiles department and our collaboration has proved to be mutually beneficial. Please refer to them for any information regarding our company. We are very interested in an exclusive arrangement with your factoryfor the promotion of your products in Bahrain. We look forward to your early reply. 本公司担任多家厂家的独家代理，专营精制棉织品，包括各灯家用亚麻制品，行销中东。 与贵公司向有业务联系，互利互作。贵公司纺织部亦十分了解有关业务合作之情况。 盼望能成为贵公司独家代理，促销在巴林市场的货品。 上述建议，烦请早日赐复，以便进一步联系合作。 此致 敬礼4.拒绝对方担任独家代理Thank you for your letter of 1 September suggesting that we grant you a sole agency for our household linens. I regret to say that, at this stage ,such an arrangement would berather premature. We would, however, be willing to engage in a trial collaboration with you company to see how the arrangement works. It would be necessary for you to test the market for our productsat you end. You would also have to build up a much larger turnover tojustify a sole agency. We enclose price lists covering all the products you are interested in and look forward to hearing from you soon. 9月1日有关建议担任家用亚麻制品独家代理的来信收悉。谨致衷心谢意。目前时机尚未成熟，不能应允该安排深感抱歉。 然而，本公司乐意与贵公司先试行合作，为今后合作打下基础。为证明担任独家代理的能力，贵公司宜上述货品作市场调查，研究是否可扩大现有之营业额。奉上该货品之报价单，敬希查照。专此候复。 此致 敬礼5.同意对方担任独家代理Thank you for your letter of 12 April proposing a sole agency for our office machines. We have examined our long and ,I must say ,mutually beneficial collaboration. We would be very pleased to entrust you with the sole agency for Bahrain. From our records, we are pleased to note that you have two service engineers who took training courses at our Milan factory .the sole agency will naturally be contingent on you maintaining qualified aftersales staff. We have drawn up a draft agreement that is enclosed. Please examine the detailed terms and conditions and let us know whether they meet with your approval. On a personal note, I must say that I am delighted that we are probably going to strengthen our relationship. I have very pleasant memories of my last visit to Bahrain when you entertained me so delightfully .I look forward to reciprocating on your next visit to Milan . My very best wishes to you and your wife. 4月12日建议担任为公室器具之独家代理来信已经收悉。 过去双方合作皆互利互助，能获您的眷顾作我公司于巴林的独家代理，殊感荣幸。 据知您公司两服务技师曾到我公司米兰工厂受训。相信您公司在取得代理权后，仍会继续注重合格售后服务人员的训练。现随信附上协议草稿， 请查实各项条款 ，惠复是盼。 能加强业务，我亦感到欣喜，前次到访巴林，蒙盛情款待，不胜感激。祈盼您莅临米兰时，容我一尽地主之谊。 此致 敬礼6.借引荐建立业务关系At the beginning of this month , I attended the Harrogate toy fair. While there , I had an interesting conversation with Mr. Douglas Gage of Edutoys plc about selecting an agency for our teaching aids. Douglas described your dynamic sales force and innovative approach to marketing. He attributed his own companys success to your excellent distribution network which has served him for several years. We need an organization like yours to launch our products in the UK. Our teaching aids cover the whole field of primary education in all subjects .Our patented Matrix math apparatus is particularly successful. You may have reservations about American teaching aids suiting your market. This is not a problem since we have a complete range of British English versions. I enclose an illustrated catalogue of our British English editions for your information. Please let me have your reactions to the material. I shall be in London during the first two weeks of October .Perhaps we could arrange a meeting to discuss our proposal. 本用初参观哈洛加特玩具交易会时有幸与教育玩具股份有限公司的道格拉斯盖齐先生一谈，提及本公司正物色代理人推广教学器材一事。 盖齐先生赞扬贵公司积极推广产品，不断推出新的推销方法，并把其公司的成就归于贵公司完善的经销网络。贵公司的经验，正能替本公司在英国经销产品。 本公司生产初级教育各学科的教育器村、专利产品梅特里克教学器材更傲视同侪。 除美国教学器材外，亦备有全套英式英语版教材，适合当地市场，贵公司无需忧虑切合市场需求。 现附上配有插图的英式英语版教材目录，盼抽空细阅，并赐知宝贵意见。本人拟于10月头两星期前往伦敦，未知能否安排会面，就以上建议作一详谈? 此致 敬礼7.邀请参观贸易展览会Many thanks for your letter and enclosures of 12 September. We were very interested to hear that you are looking for an UK distributor for your teaching aids. We would like to invite you to visit our booth,no.6,at next months London Toy Fair, at Earls court , which starts on 2 October. If you would like to set up an appointment during non exhibit hall hours please call me. I can then arrange for our sensor staff to be present at the meeting. We look forward to hearing from you. 多谢9月12日的来信和附件。获悉贵公司有意物色英国销售商推广教学辅助设备， 甚感兴趣。 本公司将于10月2日于厄尔大楼举行的耸敦玩具商品交易会上展示产品，诚邀贵公司派员参观设于46号之摊位。如能安排于非展出时间面谈，烦请电复。定必委派高层人员赴会。 本公司深知贵公司产品精美质优，希望能发展互惠之业务。 特此奉告，并候复音。8. 与过去有贸易往来的公司联系We understand from our trade contacts that your company has reestablished itself in Beirut and is once again trading successfully in your region. We would like to extend our congratulations and offer our very best wishes for your continued success. Before the war in Lebanon , our companies were involved in a large volume of trade in our textiles. We see from our records that you were among our best tem customers. We very much hope that we can resume our mutually beneficial relationship now that peace has returned to Lebanon. Since we last traded, our lines have changed beyond recognition. While they reflect current European taste in fabrics, some of our designs are specifically targeted at the Middle Eastern market. As an initial step , I enclose our illustrated catalogue for your perusal. Should you wish to receive samples for closer inspection, we will be very happy to forward them. We look forward to hearing from you. 从同行中获悉贵公司贝鲁特复业，生意发展迅速。得闻喜讯，不胜欢欣。谨祝业务蒸蒸日上。 黎巴嫩战事发生前双方曾有多宗纺织品交易；贵公司更是本公司十大客户之一。现今战事平息，亟盼能重展双方互惠的业务联系。 自上次合作至令，产品款式变化极大。除了有迎合欧洲人口味的款式这外，亦有专门为中东市场而设计的产品。现奉上配有插图的商品目录供 初步参考。职需查看样本，还望赐知。9.确认约会I would like to confirm our appointment to discuss the possibility of merging our distribution networks. I am excited of the prospect ofexpanding our trade. As agreed, We will meet of our office in bond street at 9.30a.m.on Monday 20 March. I have scheduled the whole day for the meeting. If for any reason you are unable to attend , please phone me so that we can make a