江苏省徐州市铜山区汉王镇中心中学九年级英语上册《过去完成时》课件 牛津版.ppt

period5 grammar pastperfecttense过去完成时 知识回顾 1 theyarrivedatthestationattenyesterday 一般过去时表示在过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态 强调过去某一特定的时间 2 ihavelearned1000englishwordssofar 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去 但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响 与现在有关 其结构为 助动词have has 过去分词 later earlier hadheard closethewindow now hearthenews closed thecathadheardthebadnewsbeforeitclosedthewindow whathappenedfirst later earlier now comeout stayinside hadstayed came thelionhadstayedinsidebeforethemousecameout whathappenedfirst later earlier workouttherule earlieraction pastperfecttense 更早的动作 过去完成时 lateraction pasttense 更迟的动作 一般过去时 now past pastperfecttense youhadalreadycleanedtheblackboardbeforeienteredtheclassroom whathappenedfirst a youcleanedtheblackboard b ienteredtheclassroom 1 millieranbacktoschoolbecauseshehadlefthermagazineintheclassroom whathappenedfirst millieranbacktoschool millielefthermagazineintheclassroom 2 simonleftschoollatebecausethefootballgamehadstartedlate whathappenedfirst a simonleftschoollate b thefootballgamestartedlate 3 danielarrivedoutofbreath hehadgonetothewrongcinema whathappenedfirst a danielarrivedoutofbreath b danielwenttothewrongcinema 4 amyhadlostherpurseandhadtogotothepolicestation whathappenedfirst a amylostherpurse b amywenttothepolicestation 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作 即 过去的过去 past in the past 一 过去完成时的概念与结构特点 那时以前 那时 现在 结构 助动词 had 动词过去分词 hadacted hadbeen hadbegun hadbrought hadhelped hadopened hadseen hadsung 构成 1 肯定句 主语 助动词had 过去分词 v ed 其他 其中had通用于各种人称 1 theyhadalreadyhadbreakfastbeforetheyarrivedatthehotel 2 否定句 主语 hadn t hadnot v ed 其他 3 一般疑问句 had 主语 v ed 其他 2 bynineo clockyesterdayeveninghehadn tgothome 4 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 had 主语 v ed 3 hadyouknownanythingaboutourschoolbeforeyoucamehere yes ihad no ihadn t 4 whathadyoursisterbeenbeforeshebecameanactress 二 过去完成时的判断依据 1 由 过去的过去 来判定 过去完成时表示 过去的过去 是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作 即动作有先后关系 动作在前的用过去完成时 在后的用一般过去时 这种用法常出现在 在时间 条件 原因 方式等状语从句中 主 从句的动作发生有先后关系 动作在前的 要用过去完成时 动作在后的要用一般过去时 如 whenigottothestation thetrainhadalreadyleft afterhehadfinishedhishomework hewenttobed 1 状语从句中 2 宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时 且从句的动作先于主句的动作时 从句要用过去完成时 在told said knew heard thought等动词后的宾语从句 如 shesaidthatshehadseenthefilmbefore theyexplainedwhathadhappened 2 由时间状语来判定 一般说来 各种时态都有特定的时间状语 与过去完成时连用的时间状语有 1 by 过去的时间点 如 ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbynineo clocklastnight 2 bytheendof 过去的时间点 如 wehadlearnedovertwothousandenglishwordsbytheendoflastterm 3 before 过去的时间点 如 theyhadplantedsixhundredtreesbeforelastwednesday 3 根据上 下文来判定 imetwangtaointhestreetyesterday wehadn tseeneachothersincehewenttobeijing hefeltrathertiredbecausehehadworkedforthewholenight 10thdecembertoday iwatched romanholiday withmyfriends kittywasthefirstonetoarriveatthecinema whenmillieandi arrive kitty buy theticketsalready simonanddanielcamenext beforesimonanddaniel come millieandi go togetsomedrinks thenallfiveofuswaitedforamyoutsidethecinema beforeamy arrive we finish ourdrinks whenwe enter thecinema thefilm already start luckily wedidnotmissmuch hadbought hadgone entered had arrived came arrived hadfinished started parta3onp88 howtoaskquestionsusingthepastperfecttense andanswer e g 1 hehadfinishedhishomework hadhefinishedhishomework yes hehad no hehadn t 2 theyhadlivedhereformanyyears they live hereformanyyears they they hadlived yeshad nohadn t millie hi sandy isawanactionfilmduringtheholiday itwasreallygood andmyfavouritefilmstarplayedaleadroleinit sandy iknowyoulikeheralot you see anyofherfilmsbeforeyousawthisone millie yes i she act inmanyotheractionfilmsbeforethishollywoodfilm sandy you watch anyotherfilmsduringtheholiday millie no i thatwastheonlyone had seen had hadacted did watch didn t workinpairs 过去完成时典型错误例析 1 昨晚我们看了电影 a wehadseenthefilmyesterdayevening b wesawthefilmyesterdayevening 过去完成时所表示的时间是 过去的过去 只有在和过去某时或某动作相比较时才用到它 如果时间只是一个单纯的过去时间 则句子只能用一般过去时 而不用过去完成时 2 当我到达那儿时 电影已经放了五分钟了 a thefilmhasbeenonforfiveminuteswhenigotthere b thefilmhadbeenonforfiveminuteswhenigotthere 在过去某一时间或动作之前发生或完成了的动作 要用过去完成时 它的动作的起点为过去 终点也为过去 即 过去的过去 而现在完成时的动作起点为过去 终点则为现在 3 到上学期末 他们已学会了五首英语歌曲 a bytheendoflastterm theyhavelearnedfiveenglishsongs b bytheendoflastterm theyhadlearnedfiveenglishsongs bytheendoflastterm意为 到上学期末为止 显然它是 以过去某一时间为终点的 故只能用过去完成时态 不用现在完成时态 4 他昨天见到了 ill 他们已有两年没见面了 a hesawbillyesterday theyhaven tmeteachotherfortwoyears b hesawbillyesterday theyhadn tmeteachotherfortwoyears 他们没见面 是到 昨天 为止的 而不是到现在为止 是过去的过去 故后一个句子需使用过去完成时态进行表达 李梅很高兴 因为她期中考试及格了 a limeiwasveryglad becauseshepassedthemid termexam b limeiwasveryglad becauseshehadpassedthemid termexam 当我们表示某动作或存在的状态发生于过去某动作之前时 那么这个动作或状态要用过去完成时态 句中passthemid termexam的动作是发生在过去动作wasveryglad之前的 故pass需用hadpassed表示 fillintheblanks i clean theclothesbeforeyoucameback 2 she leave alreadywhenyouarrived they know thisbeforeyoutoldthem 4 we nottell youbeforeyouknewit 5 shecameafterwe wait forherforhalfanhour hadcleaned hadleft hadknown hadn ttold hadwaited translations 1 当我们到电影院时 电影已经开始了 他在离开之前把灯全关了 thefilmwhenwethecinema heallthelightsbeforehe hadalreadybegun started arrivedat gotto reached hadturnedoff left 1 wehadalreadylearnedfourunitsbyyesterday 2 wehadlivedherefor3yearsbytheendoflastmonth 1 by 截止 pasttime2 bytheendof 截止 pasttime fillintheblanks 1 we learn 3000wordsbylastterm 2 you live herefor20yearsby2004 3 they work for10yearsbytheendoflastyear 4 i teach youfortwoyearsbytheendoflastterm hadlearned hadlived hadworked hadtaught translations 1 截止到2003年 我们已经看过40部电影了 2 截止到九月底 他们已经去过美国十次了 we40films2003 theytheusatentimesseptember hadalreadyseen by hadalreadybeento bytheendof 一 选择填空 1 ilostthebooki ahaveboughtbboughtchadbought2 thebushadgonewheni atthebusstop ahavearrivedbarrivedchadarrived3 whydidn ttomattendthemeetingyesterday he beijing a hasgonetobhadgonetocwentto4 bythetimeshewasfifteen kitty teach herselfaforeignlanguage 2006无锡市中考 c b b a hadtaughtb taughtc hastaught a 5 ihaveboughtyouthebooksyouwant oh good i afraidyouhadforgotten awasbamchadbeen6 helen herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband home ahasleft comesbleft hadcomechadleft came7 thestudents busilywhenmissbrownwenttogetthebookshe intheoffice a hadwritten leftb werewriting hasleftc hadwritten hadleftd werewriting hadleft8 imetmyoldfriendyesterday we eachotherforalmosttenyears a haven tseenb didn tseec hadn tseen a c d c 二 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1ourenglishteacher teach englishinshanghaifortenyearsbeforehecametoourschool 2 theboy finish hishomeworkbeforeyousawhim 3whenigotthere thetrain already leave 4wheniarrivedatthecinema thefilm be onfortenminutes 5lastweekididn treturnthebooktothelibrary becausei notfinish it 6 afterhehadfinishedschool he join thearmy 7 shesaidshe thefilmbefore see 8 bytheendoflastmonth they complete thebridge hadtaught hadfinished hadleft hadbeen hadn tfinished joined hadseen hadcompleted 1we fourthousandnewwordsbytheendoflastyear ahadlearnedbhavelearnedclearned2helen herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband home nmet 96 ahasleft comesbleft hadcomechadleft came3ilostthebooki ahaveboughtbboughtchadbought4thebushadgonewheni atthebusstop ahavearrivedbarrivedchadarrived5tom ofvisitinghisgrandmother butthebadweathermadehimchangehismind ahasthoughtbthoughtchadthought a c c b c 6 didyoumeettomattheairport no he bythetimei there a hasleft gotbhadleft arrivedcleft hadgot7 whydidn ttomattendthemeetingyesterday he beijing a hasgonetobhadgonetocwentto8finallymarywasadmittedbybeijinguniversity forwhichshe fivetimes ahadtriedbtriedchastried9 ihaveboughtyouthebooksyouwant oh good i afraidyouhadforgotten awasbamchadbeen b b a a 1howmanyenglishsongs she learn bytheendoflastmonth 2bythetimemyparentsreachedhomeyesterday i dinneralready cook 3he toplaythepianobeforehewastenyearsold learn 4shesaidshe thefilmbefore see 5ourenglishteacher teach englishinguangxifortenyearsbeforehecametono 113middleschool 6bytheendoflastmonth they thebridge complete 7what lordkelvin bythetimehewasten do had learned hadcooked hadlearned hadseen hadtaught hadcompleted had done 8heaskedwherei go duringthesummervacation 9theclassroom clean beforewe get thereyesterday 10 theboy hishomeworkbeforeyousawhim finish 11whenwegottothestation thetrain already leave 12we thebookbytheendoflastmonth finish 13whenigotbacktotheshop someoneelse take mybagaway 14wheniarrivedatthecinema thefilm beon fortenminutes hadgone hadbeencleaned got had finishe