大学阶段不同学术背景英语教师课堂教学比较研究-英语（国际商务）毕业论文

A Comparative Study of Classroom Instruction by English Teachers of Different Academic Background at the Tertiary Level I 密密 级级 学学 号号 111674 毕毕 业业 设设 计 论计 论 文 文 2015 年 6 月 26 日 北京 A Comparative Study of Classroom Instruction by English Teachers of Different Academic Background at the Tertiary Level 院 系 部 院 系 部 外语系外语系 姓姓 名 名 龚傲凡龚傲凡 年年 级 级 1111 级级 专专 业 业 英语 国际商务 英语 国际商务 指 导 教 师 指 导 教 师 王笃勤王笃勤 教 师 职 称 教 师 职 称 教教 授授 A Comparative Study of Classroom Instruction by English Teachers of Different Academic Background at the Tertiary Level II 北京石油化工学院 学位论文电子版授权使用协议 论文 A Comparative Study of Classroom Instruction by English Teachers of Different Academic Background at the Tertiary Level 系本人在北京石油化工学院学 习期间创作完成的作品 并已通过论文答辩 本人系作品的唯一作者 即著作权人 现本人同意将本作品收录于 北京石油 化工学院学位论文全文数据库 本人承诺 已提交的学位论文电子版与印刷版论 文的内容一致 如因不同而引起学术声誉上的损失由本人自负 本人完全同意本作品在校园网上提供论文目录检索 文摘浏览以及全文部分浏 览服务 公开级学位论文全文电子版允许读者在校园网上浏览并下载全文 注 本协议书对于 非公开学位论文 在保密期限过后同样适用 院系名称 外语系 作者签名 龚傲凡 学 号 5120111674 2015 年 6 月 26 日 A Comparative Study of Classroom Instruction by English Teachers of Different Academic Background at the Tertiary Level III Abstract In recent years with the rapid development of science and technology and social knowledge economy the development of education has been regarded as the important pillar of the national development strategy Thus it requires universities to ensure a large quantity of highly qualified graduates for the society The main base that cultivates highly qualified graduates is class There is no doubt that teachers always play a vital role and as the most important element in the process of classroom teaching Therefore it is extremely necessary to study what are the factors that may affect teachers various teaching practice in the classroom This thesis intends to do in depth study about the project This study chooses two outstanding English teachers with different academic backgrounds from English department in Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology as subjects This study is aimed to find out whether different academic background forms a factor that affects teachers teaching practice in classroom instruction at the tertiary level by means of making a comparative study and analysis between these two teachers by observing and researching their English classroom teaching and teaching plan The result of this study suggests that there is correlation between teachers academic background and his teaching practice which implies that to improve classroom instruction there is need for teachers to acquire relevant teaching and educational theories However the insufficient reference materials and few research subjects may affect the validity and objectivity of the result of this study To some extent further study should select as many subjects as possible who possess different academic backgrounds to make a comparison and analysis Keywords academic background teaching practice instructional design A Comparative Study of Classroom Instruction by English Teachers of Different Academic Background at the Tertiary Level IV 摘要 近些年来 随着科学技术与社会知识经济的快速发展 发展教育已被视为国家 发展战略的重要支柱 这就要求高校要保证为社会提供大量高质量人才 而高质量 人才的培养的主要基地是课堂 毫无疑问 在课堂教学中 教师作为一个重要组成 因素并且扮演极为重要的角色 因此 很有必要探究哪些因素可能会影响到教师的 课堂教学模式 本篇论文会针对这一课题展开深入研究 本研究计划选择本校外语系两位不同学术背景且教导过本人课程的优秀教师 为例 通过对两位教师的英语课堂教学和英语课程教案进行观摩研究以及分析比较 从而揭示在大学阶段英语教师课堂教学中 不同学术背景是否成为影响教师课堂教 学的因素之一 研究结果表明 教师的学术背景与之在课堂中的教学实践表现存在相关性 换 言之 如若教师期望寻求课堂教学水平的提升与发展 很有必要学习并掌握相关的 教育教学理论知识 但是 参考资料以及研究对象的不足可能会影响研究结果的合理性与客观性 从某种程度上来讲 今后的研究应当对尽可能多的研究对象展开分析比较 关键词关键词 学术背景 教学实践 教学设计 A Comparative Study of Classroom Instruction by English Teachers of Different Academic Background at the Tertiary Level V Contents Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1 1 Background of the study 1 1 2 Significance of the study 2 1 3 Feasibility of the study 2 1 4 Overview of the paper 2 Chapter 2 Literature Review 4 2 1 Overview of existing studies 4 2 1 1 Comparative study of regional differences 4 2 1 2 Comparative study of qualification differences 5 2 2 The limitations and implications of existing studies 5 Chapter 3 Research Design 7 3 1 Objectives 7 3 2 Case selection 7 3 3 Data collection and analysis 7 3 3 1 Data collection 8 3 3 2 Data analysis 8 3 4 Procedure 8 Chapter 4 Findings and Discussion 9 4 1 Findings about the instructional practice of the two teachers 9 4 1 1 Instruction Objectives 9 4 1 1 1 Teacher A s teaching objectives 9 4 1 1 2 Teacher B s teaching objectives 11 4 1 1 3 Similarities and differences 12 4 1 2 Method of Teaching 12 4 1 3 Teaching content 14 4 2 Discussion 15 4 2 1 Academic background of the two teachers 15 4 2 2 Relationship between one s academic background and teaching practice 16 4 3 Implication 17 Chapter 5 Conclusion 18 5 1 Findings 18 5 2 Limitation and suggestions for the study 18 References 20 Appendix 21 Teacher A s teaching plan 21 Teacher B s teaching plan 23 Teacher B s lesson plan 34 Acknowledgments 38 A Comparative Study of Classroom Instruction by English Teachers of Different Academic Background at the Tertiary Level 1 Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1 Background of the study The development of education has been regarded as the important pillar of the national development strategy Higher education shoulders vital responsibility of cultivating talents for society Thus it requires universities to ensure highly qualified graduates and the main base that cultivates highly qualified graduates is class In other words there is no doubt that classroom is a vital platform of interaction and development both for teachers and students in the process of learning There is no exception when it comes to English classroom learning The past decades witnessed an increasing number of studies in English classroom teaching including comparative studies between Chinese and foreign Teachers and between teachers with different backgrounds In 2011 Xu Mingzhu found that Chinese education was too dogmatic and inefficient and there was a relaxed atmosphere in foreign classroom We could draw the conclusion that although Chinese language classroom has its own characteristic we need to reflect on our classroom teaching mode from the role of successfully training creative talents in foreign classroom Xu Mingzhu 2011 Wang Yabing 2013 compared novice and expert teachers classroom questioning in his research and found that the classroom questioning of novice teachers is significant different from that of expert teachers It is also found that feedback from the novice teachers tends to be simply positive as well as implicitly negative while the experts is mainly explanatory positive and directly negative Wang Yabing 2013 However most former studies focus on the difference between local and foreign classroom teaching or on the difference between teachers with different qualification backgrounds There is little research aiming at exploring the influence of teachers academic background on classroom teaching To put it in another way there is no research to study the difference between teachers of different academic backgrounds There is need to explore whether academic background forms a factor that influences teachers beliefs teaching methods and teaching practice A Comparative Study of Classroom Instruction by English Teachers of Different Academic Background at the Tertiary Level 2 1 2 Significance of the study In contemporary society it is an undeniable fact that the academic background of college teachers becomes increasingly multiple and diverse To be specific take our institute for instance the academic background of teachers vary from Linguistics English Language and Literature Pedagogic Psychology Translation Business English Curriculum and Instruction Theories to Testing and Evaluation Although these teachers are engaged in education the patterns of their classroom teaching vary greatly from one to another The present study through observing and analyzing teaching materials of two outstanding English lectures may reveal whether academic background constitutes a factor that affects the classroom teaching practice of teachers This can not only make up for the deficiencies of the former studies but also provide valuable references and relevant information for development and training of teachers 1 3 Feasibility of the study Firstly the two teachers the present study chose as cases are from the Department of English in Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology They agree to provide the materials for the present study which forms the base for this study Secondly these two English lectures are very positive and friendly meanwhile they have already provided their firsthand material of English classroom teaching plan and designs This ensures the feasibility of this study Thirdly in order to analyze the differences comprehensively many kinds of relevant documents have been read during the preparation stage At last my supervisor has been conducting a great deal of related studies before He can provide me with theoretical and practical guidance helping me through the analysis of the materials Besides he is very experienced in case selection and possesses rich experience to offer me the necessary technical support on comparison and analysis 1 4 Overview of the paper This study can be divided into five sections A Comparative Study of Classroom Instruction by English Teachers of Different Academic Background at the Tertiary Level 3 Chapter one is Introduction As the beginning part of the paper it roughly states the background feasibility and significance of the study Chapter Two is Literature Review It is a review of former studies in English classroom teaching in some aspects which provides a basis for the present study Chapter Three presents the research design including subjects objectives data collection and analysis and the procedure the study is to go through Chapter Four presents the findings of this study and discusses the relationship between teachers academic background and their teaching practice Chapter Five is conclusion It is the last chapter of this paper presenting the findings implications limitation and suggestions of this paper A Comparative Study of Classroom Instruction by English Teachers of Different Academic Background at the Tertiary Level 4 Chapter 2 Literature Review In recent years there is a lot of comparative study of classroom teaching in Chinese education field And the comparative study of classroom teaching s differences between teachers is always the key study objective of many researchers It is well known that English language education has been accorded much importance in the People s Republic of China in the last quarter century On the national level English language education has been viewed by the Chinese leadership as having a vital role to play in national modernization and development However there is a huge difference of education theory and method between China and America Compared with the classroom teaching method between several Chinese and American teachers the result shows that there are many shortcomings in Chinese classroom teaching Xu Mingzhu 2011 There have been a great quantity of scholars who devoted themselves to the research of classroom teaching comparison between Chinese and foreign teachers So there are many kinds of teaching comparative study that could be referenced on paper websites Their study objectives involve many fields teaching comparison between teachers who have different qualification between different course subjects between Chinese and foreign teachers etc Their studies show that there are lots of teaching differences in many aspects The comparative research as below can be referenced 2 1 Overview of existing studies 2 1 1 Comparative study of regional differences There is a huge difference in terms of educational philosophy and teaching methods between China and US Chinese education is too dogmatic and inefficient while there is a relaxed atmosphere in foreign classroom Xu Mingzhu 2011 American teachers play the role of guide and coordinator in classroom while Chinese teachers act as the organizer and administrator In a certain sense due to the difference of Sino US culture it leads to the difference in classroom teaching model and roles Chinese teacher pay more attention to inculcating useful presentation and writing model and the foreign A Comparative Study of Classroom Instruction by English Teachers of Different Academic Background at the Tertiary Level 5 teacher pay high attention to training during writing process Zhao Meng 2010 And foreign teachers had absolute advantage on linguistic performance and history presentation however Chinese teacher concentrated on grammatical explanations However the current situation can be improved by changing classroom teaching philosophy teaching forms improvement and adjustment of the examination system and other evaluation methods after the comparative research between Chinese and UK classroom teaching by Zhang Zixuan 2013 Entrenched history and education method is the mainly reason that influence the classroom teaching performance between Chinese and foreign teachers 2 1 2 Comparative study of qualification differences Most researchers tend to explore the delicate relationship between the depth of the qualifications of teachers and their teaching mode A study showed that there was a significant gap in reasoning questioning interpretative questioning and pertinence on designing questions between trainee and outstanding teachers Chen Baidi 2011 This is mainly due to their different education background and experience in their career The result is similar to the comparison between junior and senior teachers Wang Qiangqiang 2013 conducted a questionnaire survey among four classes from three high schools He also interviewed 10 students in these classes He concluded that the level of questioning in class would strongly influence students interest of subjects The interest of subjects would be motivated and encouraged by high level questioning Wang Qiangqiang 2013 The senior teachers are good at skillful and efficient questioning than juniors however there were some common problems with their classroom questioning as well There is also an obvious difference between novice and expert teachers classroom questioning Wang Yabing 2013 The novice teachers questioning is based on improvisation however the expert teachers would prepare the question in their lesson plans This is the mainly reason 2 2 The limitations and implications of existing studies Existing researches are mostly focused on the difference between local and foreign A Comparative Study of Classroom Instruction by English Teachers of Different Academic Background at the Tertiary Level 6 classroom teaching not on local teachers Besides there is little research on the differences between English teachers at the tertiary level Moreover previous studies are only about research of different qualification background with little research of teachers academic background that may affect classroom teaching However is there any relationship between their different academic background and teaching practice Former studies due to their limitations of research design fail to answer this question There are also lots of questions that are still worthy of further exploration In general there is need to conduct further study in this respect and this is what the present study is to focus on A Comparative Study of Classroom Instruction by English Teachers of Different Academic Background at the Tertiary Level 7 Chapter 3 Research Design 3 1 Objectives The present study is aimed to 1 Uncover the essential differences of the teaching practice between these two teachers by researching their instruction objectives method of teaching teaching contents and organization of activities 2 Analyze the relationship between teacher s instructional design and academic background 3 Examine out whether academic background constitutes a factor that influences teachers teaching practice in the classroom 3 2 Case selection Due to the limitation of fund and manpower this study chooses two English teachers from Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology as subjects These two teachers selected for this study are both female They possess different academic backgrounds to be specific one major in linguistics the other in English Language and Literature In addition both of them are my direct instructors during the four years English classroom learning in my college studying life They are widely known as experienced and respectable in their professional fields in the English department Fortunately these two teachers are quite cooperative and willing to provide their teaching plan and design of classroom instruction Their positive and friendly attitude will definitely ensure the smooth running of this study To avoid violation of privacy the teacher majoring in linguistics will be referred to as Teacher A in the following chapters and the other specializing in English Language and Literature will be referred to as Teacher B 3 3 Data collection and analysis A Comparative Study of Classroom Instruction by English Teachers of Different Academic Background at the Tertiary Level 8 3 3 1 Data collection The present study mainly draw on the two teachers instructional design and teaching plan for data analysis Interview will be conducted with my supervisor to elicit information about Teacher A s academic experience as Teacher A participated in series of teacher development activities organized by my supervisor To some degree the information obtained from the perspective of the third party will be more objective and authentic 3 3 2 Data analysis The present study will mainly adopt qualitative analysis The instructional design will be analyzed from the following aspects instruction objectives method of teaching teaching contents and organization of activities Comparison will be made between the two teachers in these aspects of instructional design Then analysis will be made of the relationship between these two teachers t