2019-2020年高二英语第三单元复习学案.doc

2019-2020年高二英语第三单元复习学案基础知识1.have connection with 与有联系/有关系What I have done has no connection with the others.Does lung cancer have connection with smoking?拓展：connect 用作及物动词，意为“连接，联系；给接通电话”；用作不及物动词意思是“连接；相通；衔接”，be connected with 与有关系；与有亲戚关系。The two cities are connected by a railway.Please connect me with Beijing University.She is connected with the Smiths.2.account 做名词，意思是“报告；叙述；帐单；帐户”Dont always believe newspaper accounts of events.不要总是相信报纸的报道。He has an account with the Bank of China.他在中国银行有帐户。相关短语：collect accounts 收账 keep accounts 记账 open an account 开设帐户give a full account of 对一个完整的说明 takeinto account/take account of 对加以考虑；对加以注意3.run away =escape/flee 意思为：“逃走；离家”，通常和from/with 连用。He ran away/fled/escaped from that country. 他从那个国家逃了出来。He usually ran away from school to go to Internet caf.他经常逃学去网吧。相关短语：run across 遇见，邂逅；run out (of sth.) 用完，用光，耗尽；run into 遇到（困难等），撞见，偶然遇见。I ran across an old classmate of mine in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上碰到一个老同学。Guess who I ran into today? 猜猜我今天碰到谁了？He seems to run into trouble. 他好象遇到了麻烦。4.take away 带走，拿走 She took away all my books. 她拿走了我所有的书。 You may not take these books away from the library.你们不能把这些书带出图书馆。 拓展：take-away 用做形容词，意思是“外卖的，带走的”。 I an too tired to cook. Lets get something from KFC take-away. 我累得做不了饭了，咱们从肯德基买些外卖来吃吧。5.point 用做动词，意思“指向，表明，表示”，point at 指着，对着；point to 指向；point out 指出。 They pointed with their guns at her head but she was not afraid. 他们用枪指着她的头，可她不害怕。 He pointed out that the project lacked one important thing. 他指出那项计划中缺少一项重要内容。6. to ones astonishment = to the astonishment of sb. “令人惊讶的是”。 To my astonishment, he was early. 使我吃惊的是他竟然早到了。 拓展：to ones surprise 令人吃惊的是 to ones excitement 令人激动的是 to ones disappointment 令人失望的是 to ones sorrow 令人难过的人 to ones relief 令人庆幸的是 to ones joy 令人高兴的是 to ones satisfaction 令人满意的是 to ones anger 令某人生气的是7.lie 撒谎 lied, lied, lying 卧，躺，位于 lay, lain, lying lay 放置，产卵，放下，使躺下 laid, laid, laying She lied about her age. 她谎报了年龄 It was very hot last night, so he lay on the floor to sleep. 昨晚太热了，因此他躺在地板上睡觉。 He laid his hand on my shoulder. 他把手放在我的 肩上。 The hens are not laying well at the moment. 现在那些母鸡不下蛋。 相关短语：lie down 躺下，屈服，甘受 lie on ones back/side/stomach 仰卧/侧卧/俯卧 lie back 向后依靠 lie in 在于，位于（在范围之内） lie on/upon 依靠，全凭，位于（与之接壤） lie to 位于（在某范围之外）8.fright 用作名词，意思为“惊吓，恐怖” He was shaking with fright. 他吓的发抖。 You gave me a fright jumping out at me like that. 你这样朝我一扑，把我吓了一大跳。 拓展：frighten 用做动词，意思“使惊吓，使惊恐”。frightened 用作形容词，意思“受惊的，害怕的”，用来修饰人.Frightening 用做形容词，意思“引起恐惧的，使惊恐的，骇人的”，多用来修饰物。 I frightened the bird away by moving suddenly.我突然一动，把鸟吓跑了。 The boy was frightened by the big dog. 那男孩被那条大狗吓坏了。 Im frightened of walking home alone in the dark. 我害怕在黑夜单独走路回家。 She sounded frightened. 听起来她是吓坏了。 Thats a frightening experience. 那是一次可怕的经历。9.die for ones country 为国捐躯 die of :因而死（原因多是内部、情感、冻饿、生病等），后常加这样的名词：cold, poison, illness, old age, a disease, boredom, thirst, sorrow, disappointment, love, a fever die from: 由于而死（原因常是外部的），如：a wound, lack of food, an accident, over work, careless, drinking, some unknown cause dead adj. 死的 death n. 死亡 die down （火，兴奋，暴风雨）渐弱；（声音）静下来 die away （声音、光线、风等）渐弱，渐息 die off (家族、种族等)相继死亡；（草木）先后枯死 die out 死绝；（风俗、习惯等）消失，消灭10.play a trick/tricks on 捉弄某人，对某人恶作剧 The children played a trick on the stranger. 孩子们捉弄那个陌生人。 We should never play tricks on others. 我们都不要捉弄别人。 类似的短语：make fun of 取笑，开某人的玩笑； make a fool of 愚弄，嘲笑某人。 They made fun of Mary because of her strange hairstyle. 他们取笑玛丽的奇怪发型。 Dont make a fool of poor people. 不要嘲笑穷人。11.make up a. 虚构，捏造，编造（故事、借口等）The boy made up a story, but it was not true. 男孩编了个故事但不是真的。b. 组成，构成，常用于被动语态结构 be made up of, 意思“由构成”These three stories made up the whole book=The whole book is made up of these three stories. 全书是由这三篇故事组成的。c. 化装，化妆She never goes out without making herself up first. 她不化妆从不出门。 与make 相关的短语： be made from 由制成（看不到原料）be made of 由制成（看得出原料） be made in 由（某人/某地）制造 make in to 把做成 make fun of 取笑 make up for 弥补 make up ones mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事 make friends 交朋友 make a good effort 做出很大努力 make a fool of 愚弄某人 make a living 谋生 make a plan for 为做计划 make a promise 许诺 make a speech 做报告，发表演讲 make an effort 尽心，努力12.mood 用做名词，意思是“情绪；心情；坏心境，坏脾气；气氛，氛围” be/feel in the mood (for sth./to do sth.) 没有心情（做某事） Im just not in the mood for joking. 我没有开玩笑的心思。 I wonder why hes in such a mood today. 我想知道他为什么今天的脾气这么的坏。 固定搭配：in a good/bad mood 情绪（不）好 in one of ones moods 闹情绪 He is always in a bad mood. She was in one of her moods. 她又闹情绪了。13.set in 以为背景 The novel is set in London in the 1960s. 这部小说以20世纪60年代的伦敦为背景 与set 相关的短语：set about doing sth. 开始做某事 set an example to 为树立榜样 set aside 储存；存留 set off 动身，起程，出发 set out 出发，开始 set up 建立，创立，树立 set on fire/set fire to 纵火14.resemble 做动词，意思为“看起来象，显得象，象”，不能用于进行时，也不用于被动语态。 He closely resembles his brother. 他和他哥哥长的很象。 The plant resembles flower in appearance. 这种植物的外形像花。 拓展：resemblance n. resemblance to sb./sth. Resemblance between A and B There is a degree of resemblance between the two boys. 这两个男孩有某些相似之处。 Your story has/shows little or no resemblance to the facts. 你说的与事实相去甚远，或根本不符。15.force 做动词，意思是“强迫，迫使”，常用的固定结构：force sb.to do sth.=force o doing sth. 迫使某人做某事；force ones way through 强行挤过 They forced her to go there. 他们强迫她去那里。 After the cinema, I forced my way through a crowd. 电影结束后，我强行挤出人群。 拓展：force 做名词，“力量，力；兵力，武力；效力”常用的搭配： by force 靠武力，强行 in force 有效地 come into force 生效 put into force 施行（法律等）语法回顾1. 不定式做宾语和宾语补足语的用法A. 有些动词后面只能用动词不定式做宾语，而不用动名词做宾语。如：decide, plan, desire, expect, hope, wish, pretend, promise, refuse, afford, agree等，如果不定式宾语还有自己的补足语，通常用it 做形式宾语后接补足语，而将真正的宾语不定式短语放在句末，如：ask, fail, tend, pretend, manage等。He wanted to go.I find it interesting to study history. B. 不定式做宾语补足语不定式常跟在以下动词的宾语后做补足语：advise, ask, tell, help, wish, want, expect, forbid, persuade, press, request 等；而在使役动词 make, let, have 和 see, watch, notice, observe, hear, feel 等感官动词后不定式做宾语补足语要省略 to 。如果用于被动语态结构时，就必须带to 。The doctor advised her to have a good rest. 医生建议她好好休息。Mother told me to come back before 9:00. 妈妈要我9点前回来。I often hear him sing the song. 我经常听到他唱这首歌。He is often heard to sing the song. 人们经常听到他唱那首歌。2. 动词的-ing 形式（the V- ing Form）A. 动词-ing 形式作宾语以下动词或词组后只能用动词的-ing 形式做宾语，不能用不定式：admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, finish, like, lead to, imagine, keep, mention, mind, miss, practice, suggest, risk, give up, put off, cant help, cant stand, be fond of, look forward to 等。I dont mind walking. 我不介意步行。He has finished reading the book. 他已经看完了这部书。B. 动词-ing 形式作宾语补足语动词-ing 形式作宾语补足语常用在 see, hear, notice, watch, keep, find, feel, get, have, leave 等动词所带的宾语只后，与作宾语的名词和代词构成逻辑上的主谓关系。I found him telling a lie 我发现他在说谎。She kept her friend waiting for a long time. 她让朋友等了好久。做宾语补足语时，V-ing 形式和不定式的区别，V-ing的形式表示动作正在进行或发生，不定式表示动作过程已经结束。I saw Tom crossing the road.我看见汤姆在过马路。I saw Tom cross the road. 我看见汤姆过了马路。3. V-ed形式（过去分词）做定语和表语的用法。A. 做定语和表语时V-ing 和 V-ed 的区别。a. 它们的主要区别表现在语态和时态上，在语态上V-ing形式表示主动，V-ed形式表示被动。在时态上，V-ing 形式表示的动作往往正在进行，V-ed形式表示的动作已经完成。b. V-ing 形式用做定语时所修饰的通常是指事或物的名词，做表语时，他的主语也通常是事或物。而V-ed形式做定语时所修饰的通常指人做表语是他的主语也通常是人。Hearing the exciting news, she was too excited to say a word.Most of the scientists invited to the meeting came from the USA.B. 单个的V-ed形式一般前置，但有时也可以后置，这种后置的V-ed形式除了具备形容词的功能外，其动词的性质也比较强。That is the car used in the war. 那是战争时期使用过的车。She has a used car. 她有一部旧车。C. V-ed形式短语做定语要后置，在意义上相当于一个定语从句。This is a book written by a famous Chinese writer.= This is a book which was written by a famous Chinese writer. 这是一本中国著名作家写的书。D. V-ed 形式有时还可以用做定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，前后用逗号分开。The houses, built last year, were destroyed by the tornado yesterday.= The houses, which were built last year, were destroyed by the tornado yesterday. 去年盖的房子，昨天被龙卷风毁了。基础知识练习：一、 单词1) Some boys are crazy about reading science of f_.2) He was one of my Chinese _ （同伴）during my stay in Australia.3) _ (侦探) novels are very interesting and full of wisdom.4) _ (打扰) others while they are working is not polite.5) I am d_ to do better than Mike.6) During the 19th century, many people went to California to make their f_, but some of them didnt have luck.7) Most children like sweets, but there are some _(例外)。8) He _ (惊慌失措) and ran as fast as he could to safety.9) His second novel _(确立) his fame as a writer.10) She _(相象) her father in looks.11) Her dark eyes are very _(吸引人)。12) The birds in the tree flew _ _ _(四面八方)。13) He lived _ _(在贫穷中)all his life.14) He is giving his Chinese lessons_ _ _(用来交换) English lessons in England.15) The Three Gorges Dam is still _ _(在建设中)。二、 语法选择1.The teacher asked us _ so much noise.a. dont make b. not make c. not making d. not to make2.The discovery of new evidence led to _ a. the thief having caught b. catch the thief c. the thief being caught d. the thief to be caught3.Dont leave the water _ while you brush you teeth a. run b. running c. being run d. to run 4.Mr. Smith,_ of the _speech, started to read a novel.a. tired; boring b. tiring; bored c.tired; bored d. tiring; boring5.Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining,_ as 3M. a. knowing b. known c.being known d. to be known6._ good, the apples were soon sold out. a. Tasting b. Taste c.Tasted d. Having tasted7.When she heard the _news, her eyes were full of _tears.a. exciting; excited b. exciting; exciting c. excited; exciting d. excited; excited 8.The storm left,_ a lot of damage to this area.a. caused b. to have caused c. to cause d. having caused 9.The repairs cost a lot , but its money well_.a. to spend b. spent. c. being spent d. spending 10.The day we had been looking forward to _at last. a. come b. coming c. came d. comes 11.I suggested the man refered to _ into prison. a.put b. be put c. being put d. must be put 12.Who did the teacher have _ the article?a. to write b. write c. written d. wrote 13. I have no one _me, for Im a new comer here.a. help b. helping c. to help d. to have helped 14._ many times, but he made the same mistake again. a. He was told b. Though he was told c. Having told d. Having been told 15.-Do you feel like _ there or shall we take a taxi? -Id like to walk. But since there isnt much time left, Id rather we _a taxi.a. walking; hire b. to walk; hire c. to walk; hired d. walking; hired 16.As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flowers _by her mother.a. buying b. being bought c. were bought c. were bought d. bought 17 The computer center,_last year, is very popular among the students in this school.a. open b. opening c. have opened d. opened三、 句型转换：1. This story has no connection with reality.This story _ _ _ _ reality.2. According to himself, he is from the USA._ _ _ _ , he is from the USA.3. Im tired of this kind of TV programmes.I _ _ _ _this kind of TV programmes.4. He died because of a gun wound in the war.He _ _ a gun wound in the war.5. His passing the examination surprised everyone._ _ _ , he passed the examination.6. We cant lose any time.We _ _ _ _ _.7. It sounds like a good idea.The idea _ _.8. Huck suggested that they take the mans boat.Huck suggested _ _ _ _.9. Who persuaded you to give up the foolish idea?Who persuaded you _ _ the foolish idea?10. Suddenly, we heard a man shouting outside.Suddenly, a man _ _ _ _.11. The story in this novel happened in the USA in the 19th century.The novel _ _ _ the USA in the 19th century.12.I dont want to work now. Im not _ _ _ _ _ now.13.Often the lives of writers are similar to the lives of the characters they describe.Often the lives of writers _ the lives of the characters they _.14.He set off for Beijing early this morning. He _ _ Beijing early this morning.15.He took a taxi to the airport, but found that the plane had taken off. He took a taxi to the airport, _ _ _ the plane had taken off.16.I have noting to do with the matter. I _ _ _ _ the matter.17.We completed the plan before the expected time. We completed the plan _ _ _ .18.He left without saying