天津市武清区杨村第四中学高考英语一轮复习 语法专题十一 主谓一致语法课件 外研版.ppt

subject verbagreement主谓一致 grammar 意义一致原则 主谓一致主要有以下几种情况 1 collectivenouns 集体名词 由集体名词 如group family class government team enemy crowd company audience等作主语时 如果看成一个整体 谓语动词用单数形式 如果看成其中各成员 则用复数形式 注意 集体名词为people police cattle等以及由对称的两部分构成的事物的名词如trousers boots shoes glasses scissors等作主语时谓语动词用复数形式e g thepolicearesearchingforthethief thegroup be madeupofninestudents thegroup be dancinghappily is are theteam have somegoodplayers theteam be handsome has are 2 indefinitepronouns 不定代词 nothing be difficultintheworldifyousetyourmindtoit is 不定代词everybodyeveryoneeverythinganyoneanybodyanythingsomeonesomebodysomethingnobodynoonenothingeachtheother等作主语时 谓语动词用单数 2 everythingready be is 3 someonetoseeyou want wants or either or neither nor notonly butalso whether or在句子中连接主语的时候在there herebe句型中 谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致 就近原则 neitheryounori be wrong there be acupofteaandsomeapplesonthetable am is aorbnotabutbeitheraorbneitheranorbnotonlyabutalsob verb herethere verb aandb a bandc notonlyyoubutalsohe wrong is are neitheryounorhe right is are there twoshopsandacinemabesidetherailwaystation is are here amapandahandbookforyou is are is is are is 1 and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候 谓语动词用复数 1 heandi bothstudentsofthisschool 我和他都是这个学校的学生 2 bothriceandwheatgrowninthispartofchina be 语法一致原则 are are attention 由and连接的两个并列主语指同一个人或物 谓语动词用单数 这时后面的名词没有限定词 1 theworkerandwriter ourschooltoday visit 2 theworkerandthewriter tothemeeting havecome hascome havecome visits asingeranddancer thesingeranddancer be onthestage is thegiftisusedtohavewesternmeals whatisit aknifeandfork aknifeandforkusedtohavemeals is 2 当主语后面跟有aswellas asmuchas alongwith with togetherwith like ratherthan but except besides including inadditionto等引导的词组时 其谓语动词的单 复数由主语的单 复数而定 1 theteacherwithtwostudents atthemeeting was were 2 e mail aswellasthetelephones animportantpartindailycommunication a isplayingb haveplayedc areplayingd play was a alibrarywithfivethousandbooks be offeredtothenationasagift nobodybutjane know thesecret is knows 3 定冠词the adj 或过去分词 结构作主语 表示一类人 谓语动词常用复数形式 如 thebrave thepoor theblind thesick theunemployed等e g thericharetohelpthepoor theunemployedarewaitingforthegovernmenttosolvetheirproblems 4 表示时间 金钱 距离 重量等复数名词 在表示单位数量用作主语时 通常被看作整体 谓语动词用单数 amilliondollars is are reallyalotofmoney is sixtyyearsalongtime be threethousandmilesalongdistance be fiftykilogramesnottooheavytobecarried be is is is 5 当主语由不定式 动名词或疑问词引导的句子充当时 谓语动词用单数 1 toholdtheolympicgames arichprizeforacountry be 2 choosingwhattoeat nolongeraseasyasitoncewas is is whatweneedmoretimeandmorematerials 由what who why how whether等引导的主语从句 谓语动词通常用单数 但所指的具体内容为复数意义 则可以用复数形式 whatweneedareteachers 3 is 6 some of plentyof alotof most of therestof all of half of part of themajorityof 分数或百分数 of 名词等短语作主语时 谓语动词与of后的名词保持数的一致 e g lotsofdamage be causedbythefire somestudentsareplantingtrees therestofthem be wateringthem ontheearthabout75 ofthesurface be coveredwithwater was are is 7 由each every no manya所修饰的名词 即使用and连接作主语 谓语动词一般用单数 e g eachmanandeachwoman thesamerights a hasb havec hadd ishavingmanyapersonreadthenovel have has 8 more 复数名词 thanone和morethanone 单数名词的意义相同 均表示 不只一个 但前者用作复数 后者用作单数 morethan 两个以上的数字 名词复数做主语时 谓语动词用复数 morethanonestudentwaspunished morestudentsthanonewerepunished morethantwohundredpersonsarepresent morethanonewaskilledinthebattle 1 morethanoneworker dismissed havebeenb arec hasbeend has2 morethanonegraduate senttothehardestplacesince1979 isb arec hasbeend havebeen 9 一个肯定的主语和一个否定的主语 同时并用 谓语的数往往依肯定的主语而定 you noti aretobepraised i notyou amtobeblame 10 以s结尾的词 但表示学科 国家 机构 书籍 报刊等名称作主语 谓语用单数 mathsisausefulsubject his selectedpoems firstpublishedin1970 wasb werec hadbeend havebeen 1 thephilippines tothesouth eastofchina a liesb liec layd lays2 mathematics thelanguageofscience isb hasbeenc ared havebeen 11 由山脉 群岛 瀑布 运动会等s结尾的专有名词作主语谓语用复数 theolympicgamesareheldonceeveryfouryears 12 算术中的动词单复数都可以 多用单数 twoandtwomakes makefour threetimesthreeisnine 主谓一致练习1 everyteacherandeverystudent foundastudents union a hasb havec expectstod hopeto2 nobodybutthem toknowaboutthematter a wantb wantsc havewantedd werewanted3 nothingbuttrousers inthatsmallshop a wasworthof20dollarsb wereworth20dollarsc wascost20dollarsd waspaidfor20dollars c b d 4 thedictionaryaswellasthebooksthat picturesinthem toher a has belongsb have arebelongedc has belongd have belongs5 twentypercentoftheworkofthewholeyear finishedbytheirgrouplastmonth a hasbeenb hadbeenc wered was6 aknifeandfork onthetable a isb arec hasbeend havebeing7 neitherhisparentsnorhiswife anythingaboutit a knowb knowsc haveknownd isknown d d a b 8 fivedollars toomuchforaticket a seemsb seemc seemtobed are9 mostoftheapples a wasrottenb wererottenc hasrottend haverotten10 aboutonethirdoftheworkersinthatfactory youngpeople a isb hasbeenc ared havebeen11 notonlytheteacherbutalsothestudents thechange a objecttob objectstoc objectd objects12 everymeans triedsincethen a hasbeenb havebeenc ared is a b c a a 13 thispairoftrousers mysister a isbelongtob arebelongc belongtod belongsto14 ourteam defeatedbytheirslastsunday a wasb hadbeenc hasbeend havebeen15 ourteam takingshowerswhenthedoorwasknockedopen a wasb arec wered havebeen16 theleaguesecretaryandmonitor askedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting a isb wasc ared were17 his selectedpoems firstpublishedin1965 a wereb wasc hasbeend hadbeen d a c b b 18 mr smith togetherwithhiswifeandtwosons toarrivethefollowingday a areb aregoingc isd willbe19 heaswellasi you a agreewithb agreetoc agreeswithd agreeto20 thesingeranddancer ourdiscussion a istoattendb aretoattendb areattendedd isattended21 politics oneofthesubjectsthatwestudy a areb isc shalld were22 ihavereadalargepartofthebook therest moredifficult a isb hasc ared have c c a b a 23 a