如何整理你的电脑.doc

如何整理你的电脑？从你抱回新电脑的那一刻起，它就开始积累各式信息，包括程序及其相关文件、图片、歌曲、信件、文件、笔记、图标和图形等等你懂这个意思。我也了解周围朋友们碰到的问题他们总是忘记把东西放哪里了。那个下载好的东西在哪儿？玛莉的照片存什么地方了？给奶奶的留言又搁哪去了？我要打印的那幅超炫图片怎么找不到了？问题在于你的东西实在太多，而你记不得把它们放哪儿了。这就是症结所在。我是一个有条理的人，也非常擅长把握事物的内在模式。早在我使用电脑的时候，我就意识到记得文件存放的位置是很重要的。如果你找不到，那本质上如同你根本没有保存一样，不是吗?现在，请注意我将要提到的建议仅仅是我的观点。我不知道是否有人已写过一份权威的整理电脑指南，但我确信那也只是他们自己的观点。我觉得自己的电脑系统工作起来非常棒，而且我也有大量的文件。也许我的方法对你也有用。我希望如此。而接下来要讲到的都跟家用电脑有关，因为商务电脑有他们自己的标准。文件整理你需要做的第一件事就是坐下来，想想自己是怎么使用电脑的，想想是谁在使用它。我还想请您想想这句谚语：“物各有其位,物各在其位。”这就是整理电脑并保持物各有序的关键。你真得好好想想。假设你和你的另一半有两个小孩，你们四个人都在用同一台电脑。没错，你有一个文件夹叫“我的文档”。如果你们所有人都把自己的东西放在这个文件夹里，无疑会使它变得杂乱不堪。同时也意味着要找到你自己的文件会更加困难。因此，在“我的文档”里面需要创建子文件夹来存放不同的文档，比如：妈妈爸爸姐姐弟弟全家税务童子军等等类似的文件夹接下来，就让家里的每个人把东西存放到恰当的文件夹里。这样子找起文件来就轻松多了，因为你的东西都将存放在你自己的文件夹内。跟整个家庭成员相关的，比如全家度假计划，可以放入“全家”文件夹。跟你的童子军有关的文档可以放入“童子军”，诸如此类。这样物就各归其位了。以后当你想找某个东西时，你知道在哪里能找到它。让我们继续进入整理的下一步。下载整理还是要回到当初我开始下载程序的时候，那时我在电脑上创建了一个目录，当时还不叫“文件夹”。因为文件或目录名只能是8个字符，所以我给那个文件夹命名为DNLD。而我下载的所有文件就保存在里面。这是25年前的事了，自那以后我用过的每台电脑内都有一个名为“DNLD”的目录。或者说按你习惯的叫法，DNLD文件夹。我的内网中的每台电脑都有一个。而我妻子和女儿们很早就知道下载文件该存在哪里，不是桌面，不是家庭文件夹，也不是什么零散的角落，是DNLD文件夹！如果你一直把下载文件保存在同一个地方，你绝不会忘记它。你总会知道下载的文件都去了哪里。因此，为你全家建一个专用下载文件夹。随便你取什么名字下载，我们的下载，我们的家庭下载，下载的东西，但一定得为下载文件专门建立一个文件夹。如果你愿意，你大可以使用DNLD。确保家庭里的每个成员都知道把下载文件保存到何处。现在你离整理完成已经更进一步了。程序整理无一例外，我的每台电脑都有相似的目录（文件夹）结构。为什么？主要是因为这样一来，不论是用哪一台电脑，人都觉得舒服。这也是快餐巨头麦当劳，汉堡王和塔可钟成功背后的主要原因熟悉度。不管你走进纽约的麦当劳还是洛杉矶的麦当劳，他们都大致一样，让你轻松自在，感到舒适。一切都是如此熟悉，你的电脑又何尝不可这样呢？我所有的数据和大部分的程序都存在D盘里面。每台电脑的D盘目录结构都是一样。每个文件夹是用于存放不同种类的程序。因而文件夹列表如下所示：通讯数据评论邮件互联网工具实用程序这些是主要的文件夹，还有别的。正因这样的结构，使我和全家能轻松找对安装新软件的地方，也能快速查找已经安装的软件。通讯文件夹是用来存放那些通信程序的地方，包括即时通信软件如雅虎，MSN，ICQ；新闻阅读器Fort Agent。同样道理，因特网文件夹内保存了我上网时使用的所有程序，如FTP程序和包括火狐，Netscape, NetCaptor及Opera等我所使用的每个浏览器。而所有实用程序都可以在实用程序文件夹中找到。评论文件夹内也下分了很多子文件夹，保存了Tucows网站上的所有评论文章。如果我要查找曾写的一篇以“How To”（“怎样”）开头的文章，我就知道在“How to”文件夹中查找。而在众多电脑中保持这样的结构一致使得电脑间同步文件更加方便。我邮件程序的保存路径为：D:EmailTheBat这跟我笔记本电脑上的位置一致。每一个“我的文档”文件夹内都有相同的子文件夹，并且它们都在固定时间段内同步更新。所以即使我的整台电脑死机，甚至备份也被毁，在我内网的另一台电脑上也能找到所有文件。冗余！其实也是一种备份。总结你得像打理房子一样的整理你的电脑。如果你把东西随处扔在房子里，不久你就发现自己根本找不到任何东西。垃圾、纸张、衣服、玩具、罐头、瓶子、牛奶壶真是乱七八糟。相反，大多数人把垃圾放在特定的地方，衣服放篮子里，瓶子和罐头放回收箱里。这样一来物各有其位,物各在其位。你的电脑也一样。文件就放入“我的文件”， 我妻子的文件需放到子文件夹“卡罗尔”里，泡菜食谱在“全家”文件夹，而我女儿按摩疗法的表演则在她的“卡迪”文件夹内。如果我们把文件随便乱放，电脑很快就变成混乱一团。在电脑内建立一个基本结构体系大有帮助。就像在家一样，书都放“书架”上实用软件放“实用程序”文件夹，工具放车库里计算机工具放“工具”文件夹。整理电脑其实较为简单。只需记住关键一点物各有其位,物各在其位。把你的电脑当成你的家，并做出适当整理。如果你花时间这么做，你就绝不会失望，也不会浪费大把时间查找东西放哪儿了。How to Organize Your ComputerFrom the moment you get a new computer it starts to accumulate things. Programs and files associated with programs. Pictures, songs, letters, documents, notes, icons, graphics - you get the idea. Ive seen the problem that arises among my friends - they forget where they put things. Where is that download? Where is that picture of Mary? Where is that note to Gramma? What did I do with that cool graphic I wanted to print? You get so much stuff and thats a problem all by itself, but then you dont recall where the stuff is. That is a problem.Im an organized fellow and Im very good at seeing patterns in things. Early on in my use of computers I realized it was important to know where you had things. If you cant find a thing than its basically like you dont have it at all, right? Now, keep in mind that the advice Im going to give is stricly my opinion. I dont know if anyone has written a definitive guide to organizing your computer, but Im sure if they did that was their opinion too. My system works very well for me and I have lots of files. Perhaps itll work for you as well. I hope so. Our focus here is going to be on home computers because many businesses have their own criteria.DocumentsThe first thing you need to do is sit down and think about how your computer is used. You also need to think about who uses it. I also want you to think about the old saying:A place for everything, and everything in its place!That really is the key to getting and keeping your computer organized. Think about it. Say you and your spouse have two children and all four of you use the computer. Okay, you have a My Documents folder. If all ofyou save all of your documents into that one folder, its going to get crowded. That also means its going to get harder to find your documents. So, create folder inside the my documents folder to deal with specific things, for example: Mom Dad Sister Brother Family Taxes Scouts And so on Then get everyone in the family to save things into the appropriate folder. That will immediately make things easier to find because your things will be in your folder. You can put family-related things, like your plans for a vacation, in the Family folder. Documents for your Scout troop go in the Scouts folder and so on. A place for everything. Then, when youre trying to find something specific you know exactly where to look. Lets move on.DownloadsWay back, in the beginning,when I first started to download programs, I created a directory on my computer. They werent called folders back then. And because you could only have 8 characters in a file or directory name, I named that folder DNLD. That was where every file I downloaded went. That was 25 years ago and every computer Ive had since that time has also had a DNLD directory. Or DNLD folder if you prefer. Every computer on my network has one. My wife and daughters learned early on exacty where to save downloads to. Not the desktop, not the Family folder, not some random place, but in the DNLD folder! If you always save downloads to the same place you cant lose one. Youll always know where the files youve downloaded have gone. So, create a specific download folder for your family. Name it what you want - Download, Our Downloads, Our Family Downloads, Stuff We Downloaded, but make a specific folder just for downloads. If you want, feel free to use DNLD also. Make sure everyone in the family knows where to save the things they download. Now youll be one step closero being organized.Program OrganizationWith very few exceptions, every computer I own has a similar directory (folder) structure. Why? Well, primarily because it makes everyone feel comfortable no matter what comptuer theyre on. Thats one of the big reasons behind the success of the fast food giants like McDonalds and Burger King and Taco Bell - familiarity. You can go into a McDonalds in New York or one in Los Angeles and theyre pretty much the same. Makes you feel at home and comfortable. It all seems very familiar. Why shouldnt your computer be the same way?All of my data and most of my programs are on Drive D and the directory structure of every Drive D on every computer is the same. Each folder is for specific types of programs. So, a list of the folders looks like this: Comm Data Editorial Email Internet Tools Utilities There are some others, but these are the main ones. Having this structure makes it easy for me, and my family, to know where to install new software. Or to find software thats already installed. The Comm (Communications) folder has every program thats used to communicate. Instant messengers like Yahoo, MSN, ICQ. My newsgroup reader, Agent by Forte. By the same token the Internet folder hold every program that I use on the Internet. My FTP program, every browser I use including Firefox, Netscape, NetCaptor, and Opera. All utility programs can be found in the Utilities folder. The Editorial folder also has multiple subfolders for all the editorial here on Tucows. So, if Im looking for a How To article Ive written, I know to look in the How To folder.Having this uniformity on multiple computers also makes it easier to synchronize files between computers. I know that my email program on this computer is in: D:EmailTheBatAnd that its in the same place on my laptops. Every My Documents folder has the same subfolders. And they are synchronized at regular intervals. So, if my entire computer were to crash and even my backups were destroyed virtually every file could be found on another computer on my network. Redundancy! Its as good as a backup.Summing It Up!Think of your computer like you would your house. If you just dropped things wherever you happened to be in your house, soon you wouldnt be able to find anything. Garbage, papers, clothes, toys, cans, bottles, milk jugs - yeah, it would be a mess. Instead, most people have a special place for trash, a hamper for clothes, a recycling bin for bottles and cans. Theres a place for everything and