湖南省衡南县第九中学高中英语《Unit3 Science versus naturegrammar》课件 牛津版必修5.ppt

grammarandusage unit 3 verb edform analysisthefunctionofv ingandto infinitiveinthesentences 1 tosayisonething todoisanother 2 hiswishistobecomeanengineerinthefuture 3 thewallneedstoberepaired 4 findingworkisdifficultthesedays 5 don tbeangrywithmefornothavingwritten 6 whatdisappointingnews 7 nothavingreceivedaletterfromhisparents hedeciededtowriteagain 8 ioftenhearhimsingingthissong 9 thenewshetoldmejustnowissurprising 10 theteachertoldthestudentnottobelateagain 11 tocathchthefirstbus wegotupat5a m 12 thebuildingtobebuiltnextyearwillbethetallestinthiscity usecorrectformtofilltheblanks 1 theywentthere see theirparentslastweekend 2 canyouimagineyourself stay onalonelyisland 3 collect stampsisveryinteresting 4 whowasthelastone leave theclassroomlastnight 5 heworkedhard only fail atlast 6 noonecanstand laugh at 7 thelightintheofficeisstillon heforgot turn itoff 9 notfinish herhomework thelittlegirlmaynotgotobed 10 sincehehadnotreceivedherreply hedecided write asecondletter verb edform 1 heisastudentlovedbyall 本句中loved是一个动词的 形式 在句子中充当 语 它的逻辑主语是 它们之间是 关系 e g therearesomefallenleavesontheground otherexamples 1 theboyhurtbythecarwassenttothehospitalimmediately theboy bythecarwassenttothehospitalimmediately 2 anislandisasmallpieceoflandsurroundedbywater anislandisasmallpieceofland bywater conclusion 2 whenwillyougotothehospitalandhaveyourteethexamined 本句中的examined在句子中充当 语 其逻辑主语是 它们之间是 关系 e g shesawthethiefcaughtbypolicemen otherexamples 2 conclusion 3 writteninahurry thisarticlewasnotsogood 这个句子中的writteninahurry在句子中充当 语 表 其逻辑主语是 他们之间是 关系 我们可以把这个句子改写成 asitwaswritteninahurry thisarticlewasnotsogood e g 1 seenfromthemoon ourearthlookslikeahugeblueball 2 givenanotherhour icanalsoworkoutthisproblem 他们可以分别改写成 fromthemoon ourearthlookslikeahugeblueball anotherhour icanalsoworkoutthisproblem 3 beatenbytheenemy herefusedtoletoutthesecret 4 theteachercameout followedbyagroupofstudent bytheenemy herefusedtoletoutthesecret 以上句子中的过去分词都做 语 分别表示 conclusion 4 hisparentsweredisappointedwhentheygotthenews 这个句子中的disappointed在句子中充当 语 说明主语的 otherexamples 1 2 conclusion summarytheverb edformcanbeusedlikeanadjectiveoranadverbinasentence averb edfromcanbeusedastheattributive predicativeandobjectcomplement averb edcanmodifyaverb suchasstand sitandlietoexpressastate theverb edformcanexpresspassivemeaningsaswellaspastmeanings practice a canyoufindthecorrecttranslationforthefollowingphrases 落叶破杯子令人失望的学生你书中提到的地方发现车偷了流水 fallingleavesfallenleavesbrokencupsbreakingcupsdisappointedstudentsdisappointingstudentstheplacementioninginyourbooktheplacementionedinyourbookfindthecarstolenfindthecarstealingrunwaterrunningwater b completethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectform 1 found in1636 harvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheusa 2 see fromthetopofthetower thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees 3 walk alongthestreet hemetanoldfriendofhis 4 withallhishomework finish hewentouttoplaybasketball 5 stop theboygoingtoplaycomputergames themotherlockedtheboyin 6 give moreattention thetreescouldhavegrownbetter 7 allthestudentssatintheclassroom wait fortheirteacher 8 when complete themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear 9 whohadsuchalittlechild pick wasteonthestreet 10 lose inthought healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim 非谓语动词充当相同的句子成分时用法区别 1 smoke isnotallowedhere smoke somuchisnotgoodforyou theirjobisbuidinghouses theirworkistobuildanotherbridgeacrosstheriver 结论 1 非谓语动词在句子中作 语时 一般说来 在表示比较抽象的一般行为时多用 在表示具体的动作 特别是将来的动作时 多用 2 iwant go tothebarber sbecausemyhairwants cut hebegan talk abouthisplanforsummerholiday ilike read booksofthiskind butidon tlike read thatbook iprefer walk tocycling butiprefer stay athometoday 结论 2 非谓语动词在句子中作 语时 如果表示一般倾向 多用 如指特定的或某次行动 则用 更多一些 3 isawhim go upstairs 动作全过程 isawhim go upstairs 动作正在进行 don thaveme wait foryououtsidetoolong iwon t ijusthavemyhair cut 结论 3 非谓语动词在句子中作宾补时 作现在分词时 表示动作正在进行发生用 其含义相当于 表示动作的整个过程用 表示动作已经完成和被动意义用 4 themeeting hold lastweekisveryimportant themeeting hold nowisveryimportant themeeting hold tomorrowafternoonisveryimportant 结论 4 非谓语动词在句子中作定语时 表示正在进行的动作 或表示经常性的动作 或现在 或当时 的状态时 通常都用 所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生 或者是没有一定的时间性 只表示被动意义时 通常都用 表示还没有发生的或即将发生的动作 通常用 其总是置于被修饰的名词之 5 thenewswas excite heappeared satisfy withmyanswer mytaskthisclassis teach youhowtograspthegrammar 结论 5 非谓语动词在句子中作表语时 表示主语所具有的特征或属性时 通常用动词的 表示主语所处的状态或感受时 通常用动词的 现在分词表示 令人 的 过去分词表示 感到 则表示某一次具体的行为 类似于作主语 everydayheclimbedtoahighrocknearhiscave keep watch 19 twoyearslater herfatherdisappeared never return 20 i mveryglad have thisstampagain 21 once leave germany einsteinwentfirsttofrance thentobelgium 22 be ashyman einsteindidn tattendthegreatcelebration 23 thetrainerappeared follow bysixlittledog 24 give moretime icandoitbetter 25 weigh almost100jin thestonewasmovedbyhimalone 结论 6 非谓语动词作状语时 不定式表 和 分词可以表 和 可以用相应的状语从句来改写 比如 21 once germany einsteinwentfirsttofrance thentobelgium 22 ashyman einsteindidn tattendthegreatcelebration 24 moretime icandoitbetter 25 almost100jin thestonewasmovedbyhimalone 结论 7 verb ing作状语时 与其逻辑主语 也就是句子的主语是 关系 verb ed作状语时 与其逻辑主语 也就是句子的主语是 关系 拓展练习 taskthreechoosethebestanswers 1 isbelieving a toseeb tobeseen c seeing d tohaveseen 2 onice moredifficultthanontheground a towalk areb walking isc walked isd walk are3 it 45minutes therebybus a cost togetb takes gettingc takes togetd takes togetto4 won tbeofmuchhelp a tom sgoingb tomgoingc tomtogod tomgoes5 thereportwasso thattheywereall a moving movingb moved movedc moving movedd moved moving 6 helikes buthedoesn tlike todaybecauseitiscold a swimming toswimb toswim swimmingc toswim toswimd swimming swimming7 wemustn tpretend whatwedon tknow a knowingb havingknownc toknowd tobeknown8 idon tthinkthebookis a worthbeingreadb worthtobereadc worthyofreadi