湖南省衡南县第九中学高一英语《Unit3 Look good, feeling goodgrammar》课件 牛津版必修1.ppt

unit3grammarandusage non restrictiveattributiveclause whoishe theman issittingthereisbradpitt who that theman shespeakstoisbradpitt who whom that whoishe theman issittingthereisbradpitt who that theman shespeakstoisbradpitt who whom that theman shespeaksisbradpitt towhom whoisshe amy tookweight losspills nowrealizesthathealthisimportant who amy figureisfine stillwantstolosesomeweight whose step2presentation a thisistheplacewhereilivedtenyearsago b sheisgoingtospendthewinterholidayinmacao whichreturnedtochinain1999 这是我十年前住的地方 她打算去澳门渡寒假 澳门是在 年回归中国 a thosewhowanttogosigntheirnameshere b thisnotewasleftbyjohn whowashereamomentago 想去的那些人请在这里签名 这条子是约翰留的 他刚才来过这儿 canyoufinddifferencesbetweenthenon restrictiveattributiveclauseandrestrictiveattributiveclause discussion differences 名称 区别 有时同一个限制性定语从句变为非限制性定语从句会改变全句的意思 1 ihaveasisterwhoworksinahospital 我有一位在医院工作的姐姐 不只一位姐姐 2 ihaveasister whoworksinahospital 我有一位姐姐 她在医院工作 只有一位姐姐 hisfather whoworksinbeijing camebackyesterday 当先行词是地名人名 世界上独一无二的事物或家庭唯一成员时 通常只用非限制性定语从句 shanghai whichisineastchina isdevelopingrapidly hefailedinthefinalexam whichmadehisfatherveryangry 2 shecamebacktochina whichsurprisedmealot 3 theresultturnedouttobegood whichwehadn texpected 总结 关系代词可以用来修饰整个主句 非限制性定语从句中通常使用下列关系代词和副词 关系代词 which who whom whose as 关系副词 when where 非限制性定语从句中不用关系词that why 非限制性定语从句中关系词不能省略 practice 1 thefamousbasketballstar isanamerican cametochinayesterday 2 inthosedays sheusedtogotomr black with shehadawonderfultime 3 iboughtacaryesterday costmealot who fillintheblankswithproperrelativewords which whom can that beusedhere n0 therearemanypeopleparticipatinginthecompetition allofwhomareteenagers 2 manypeople someofwhomarenotoverweight aregoingondiets 3 chinahashundredsofislands thelargestofwhichistaiwan 4 ihavetwobooks bothofwhichwereboughtinamerica conclusion 在非限制性定语从句中 一些表达数量的数词或代词如all some one both neither none any either等可与of构成介词词组修饰限制先行词 此时先行词在其后的定语从句中作介词的宾语 关系代词不可用that 如先行词指人则用whom 如先行词指物用which引导从句 thereareagroupofstudentsinthehall ofwhomtwoarefromengland 2 ihavealotofbooksonmybookshelf ofwhichsomearewritteninenglish 3 iamdoingdifferenttypesofexercises ofwhichtwoallarequitehelpfultomyhealth non restrictiveattributiveclausethereisacommabeforenon restrictiveattributiveclause wecan tuse that inthenon restrictiveattributiveclause innon restrictiveattributiveclause wecanuse which torefertothewholemainclause wecanuseall some most both partof whom whichtoexpressacompleteorpartialquantity 非限制性定语从句考点归纳 examples 1 aseveryoneknows chinaisacountrywithalonghistory 众所周知 中国是一个历史悠久的国家 2 sheisateacher asisclearfromhermanner 她是个教师 这点从她的举止可以清楚地看出 as和which引导非限制性定语从句 代替整个主句 非限制性定语从句考点归纳 as和which引导非限制性定语从句 代替整个主句 examples 3 hemissedtheshow whichwasreallyagreatpity 他错过了演出 这真是很大的遗憾 4 heinvitedmetodinner whichmademeveryhappy 他请我吃饭 这使我很高兴 conclusion as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时 as和which可代替整个主句 相当于andthis或andthat 这两个关系代词都可指代主句所表达的整个意思 且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语 conclusion 2 as和which引导非限制性定语从句的不同之处在于 as引导的定语从句可置于句首 而which引导的定语从句不可放在句首 as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时 从句中的谓语必须是系动词 若从句中的谓语为行为动词 则从句中关系代词只能用which 另外 as引导非限制性从句 常带有 正如 的意思 which常带有 这 这个 的意思 practice 1 alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss cameasasurprise which 3 isexpected theenglandteamwonthefootballmatch as 2 theweatherturnedouttobeverygood wasmorethanwecouldexpect which multiplechoicejanereceivedaninvitationfromherboss cameasasurprise itb thatc whichd he2 ilikenanjing hasmanyfamousplacesofinterest a whereb whichc whend inwhich3 mymotheroftengoestogym sheworksouttokeepfit whereb whichc whend that4 shehastwodaughters isgoodatmusic neitherofthemb eitherofthemc neitherofwhomd buteitherofwhom 5 ispentmyholidaybesidethesea iplayedwiththesmallgirl a inwhichb duringwhichc whichd that6 thisisahighmountain thetopisalwayscoveredbysnow whoseb onwhichc ofwhichd that7 thebraveman thetigerwasshot isagoodhunter ofwhomb bythatc bywhomd bywhich 8 thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall hecouldseewhatitwasgoingoninsidethehouse onwhichb atwhichc throughwhichd inwhich9 therearetwothousandstudentsinourschool aregirls two thirdsinwhichb two thirdsinthemc two thirdsofthemd ofwhomtwothirds10 ihaveboughttwoball pens writeswell neitherofthemb noneofthemc neitherofwhichd noneofwhich comparison 1 thisisoneofthemostinterestingfilms shownlastweek thisistheveryoneofthemostinterestingfilms shownlastweek a whichwasb thatwasc whichwered thatwere b d comparison 2 hehastwosons arecollegestudents hehastwosons and arecollegestudents a bothofwhichb bothofwhomc bothofthemd bothofit b c comparison 3 hestilllivesintheroom windowfacestotheeast hestilllivesintheroom thewindow facestotheeast hestilllivesintheroom isinthenorthofthecity hestilllivesintheroom thereisabeautifultable a whichb whosec whered ofwhich b c d a comparison 4 weallknow chinaisrichinnaturalresources iswell knownthatchinaisrichinnaturalresources iswell known chinaisrichinnaturalresources a whichb asc itd that b c b comparison 5 isthismuseum hevisitedlastmonth theteachertellsusthat cleanstheblackboardistobepraised a thatb theonec whichd theonewho b d 反意疑问句 结构 陈述句 附加疑问句 否 肯 否 肯 附加疑问句的构成 助动词 be动词 情态动词 代词 questiontagscanbeusedwhenyou askforagreementeg youstillgotothegymeveryday don tyou askforconfirmationeg youstillgotothegymeveryday don tyou hecannotswim hedoesn tlikesports thereisaradioonthetable theyhavetoliveearly theyhadapartylastnight weneedtogothere youneedn tgothere thisisveryimportant everyoneknowshisjob canhe doeshe isn tthere don tthey didn tthey don twe needyou isn tit doesn the don tthey postaletterforme don tdothatagain let shaveabreak letusgohomenow 祈使句肯定的祈使句后加上willyou would tyou构成反意疑问句否定的祈使句后加上willyou构成反意疑问句let引导的祈使句有两种情况 1 let s 后的反意疑问句用 2 letus 后的反意疑问句用 willyou willyou willyou shallwe shallwe willyou heishardly14yearsold hehasneverseenthefilm theyseldomtakeexercise theyknewnothingaboutit ishe hashe dothey didthey 当陈述部分有hardly barely rarely seldom few little no never nothing nobody nowhere 等否定代词或否定副词时 反意疑问句部分要用肯定形式 heisunfitforthejob itisimpossibleforhimtwice shedislikesapples 如果陈述句部分是带有否定前缀或后缀时 反意疑问句部分仍用否定结构 isn the isn tit doesn tshe somethingiswrongwithmyradio thisisaplane nothingcouldstopmefromjoiningthesummercamp 陈述部分的主语是everything nothing anything或something及指示代词this或that时 反意疑问句的主语应用代词it isn tit isn tit couldit 陈述部分的主语是everybody everyone anybody anyone somebody someone nobody noone none neither及指示代词these或those时 其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they everyoneishere nooneknowsaboutit thesearegrapes aren tthey dothey aren tthey idon tthinkhecanfinishthework idon tbelievehewillcometomorrow iguesstheyhaven theardabouttheplan hethinksthatyouarehonest youexpectedthatyoucouldhaveasurprise canhe willhe doesn the didn tyou 如果陈述句部分是 ithink believe suppose imagine expect等 宾语从句 反意疑问句部分应与宾语从句的主谓保持一致 并要注意否定转移 如果主语是二 三人称 疑问部分与主句相对应构成反意疑问句 havethey i mlateforthemeeting i mnotdoingwell 当陈述句部分是iam 时 反意疑问句部分通常要用aren ti 如陈述句部分的主语是iamnot时 反意疑问句部分通常要用ami aren ti ami hemustcopythenewwordstwice youmustn tstophere youmustbetired youmusthavereadthestorylastterm youmusthaveseenthefilm didn tyou haven tyou needn tyou mustyou aren tyou 1 若must表示 必须 或 有必要 疑问部分用needn t2 是若陈述部分有mustn t表示禁止 疑问部分要must3 若must表示推测 疑问部分不能用must 而应根据must后的动词结构采用相应的动词形式 陈述句中谓语动词是must have 动词的过去分词时 如果强调对过去情况的推测 依据是 句中有过去的时间状语 反意疑问句根据动词用didn t wasn t weren t 主语 陈述句中谓语动词是must have 动词的过去分词时 如果只强调动作的完成 反意疑问句用haven t hasn t 主语 hewasalazychild andhedidn tpasstheexam 并列句疑问部分 谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定 heisnotthemanwhogaveusatalk hesaidhewantedtovisitjapan 主从复合句 疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定 ishe didn the didhe 反意疑问句的回答 itisrainingnow youdon tthinktheolympicgamesaresuccessful isn tit no itisn t doyou yes ido 如果事实是肯定的 就用yes 事实是否定的 就要用no 1hewasamongthefirsttoarriveatthefinishline surprisedusall awherebwhichcwha