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一、 oracle备份脚本1、# su - oracle$ sqlplus /as sysdbasqlplusshutdown immediatesqlplusexit2、 以oracle用户的身份,执行oracle_link$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/oracle_link3、 在数据库服务器的数据分区内创建数据库备份脚本目录# mkdir /oracle/ora_bak_scripts 4、 创建oracle备份的脚本# cp r /usr/openv/netbackup/ext/db_ext/oracle/samples/rman/* /orcdata/db_back_scripts5、 根据实际情况编辑oracle备份脚本在我们拷贝到数据库备份脚本目录中的范本文件中,我们比较多使用的是hot_database_backup.sh(联机数据库备份脚本)。以下说明如何编辑数据库备份脚本。#!/bin/sh# $Header: hot_database_backup.sh,v 1.2 2002/08/06 23:51:42 $#bcpyrght#*#* $VRTScprght: Copyright 1993 - 2003 VERITAS Software Corporation, All Rights Reserved $ *#*#ecpyrght# -# hot_database_backup.sh# -# This script uses Recovery Manager to take a hot (inconsistent) database# backup. A hot backup is inconsistent because portions of the database are# being modified and written to the disk while the backup is progressing.# You must run your database in ARCHIVELOG mode to make hot backups. It is# assumed that this script will be executed by user root. In order for RMAN# to work properly we switch user (su -) to the oracle dba account before# execution. If this script runs under a user account that has Oracle dba# privilege, it will be executed using this users account.# -# -# Determine the user which is executing this script.# - CUSER=id |cut -d( -f2 | cut -d ) -f1 # -# Put output in .out. Change as desired.# Note: output directory requires write permission.# -RMAN_LOG_FILE=$0.out# -# You may want to delete the output file so that backup information does# not accumulate. If not, delete the following lines.# -if -f $RMAN_LOG_FILE thenrm -f $RMAN_LOG_FILEfi# -# Initialize the log file.# - echo $RMAN_LOG_FILEchmod 666 $RMAN_LOG_FILE # -# Log the start of this script.# - echo Script $0 $RMAN_LOG_FILEecho = started on date = $RMAN_LOG_FILEecho $RMAN_LOG_FILE # -# Replace /db/oracle/product/ora81, below, with the Oracle home path.# -ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/product/9.2.0 注意:如果实际的oracle主目录与此不同,请根据实际情况更改export ORACLE_HOME# -# Replace ora81, below, with the Oracle SID of the target database.# -ORACLE_SID=test 注意:管理员需要根据需要备份的数据库名修改export ORACLE_SID# -# Replace ora81, below, with the Oracle DBA user id (account).# -ORACLE_USER=oracle 此处需要填写实际的oracle数据库用户# -# Set the target connect string.# Replace sys/manager, below, with the target connect string.# -TARGET_CONNECT_STR=/ # -# Set the Oracle Recovery Manager name.# -RMAN=$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman# -# Print out the value of the variables set by this script.# -echo $RMAN_LOG_FILEecho RMAN: $RMAN $RMAN_LOG_FILEecho ORACLE_SID: $ORACLE_SID $RMAN_LOG_FILEecho ORACLE_USER: $ORACLE_USER $RMAN_LOG_FILEecho ORACLE_HOME: $ORACLE_HOME $RMAN_LOG_FILE# -# Print out the value of the variables set by bphdb.# -echo $RMAN_LOG_FILEecho NB_ORA_FULL: $NB_ORA_FULL $RMAN_LOG_FILEecho NB_ORA_INCR: $NB_ORA_INCR $RMAN_LOG_FILEecho NB_ORA_CINC: $NB_ORA_CINC $RMAN_LOG_FILEecho NB_ORA_SERV: $NB_ORA_SERV $RMAN_LOG_FILEecho NB_ORA_POLICY: $NB_ORA_POLICY $RMAN_LOG_FILE# -# NOTE: This script assumes that the database is properly opened. If desired,# this would be the place to verify that.# -echo $RMAN_LOG_FILE# -# If this script is executed from a NetBackup schedule, NetBackup# sets an NB_ORA environment variable based on the schedule type.# The NB_ORA variable is then used to dynamically set BACKUP_TYPE# For example, when:# schedule type is BACKUP_TYPE is# - -# Automatic Full INCREMENTAL LEVEL=0# Automatic Differential Incremental INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1# Automatic Cumulative Incremental INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1 CUMULATIVE# # For user initiated backups, BACKUP_TYPE defaults to incremental# level 0 (full). To change the default for a user initiated# backup to incremental or incremental cumulative, uncomment# one of the following two lines.# BACKUP_TYPE=INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1# BACKUP_TYPE=INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1 CUMULATIVE# # Note that we use incremental level 0 to specify full backups.# That is because, although they are identical in content, only# the incremental level 0 backup can have incremental backups of# level 0 applied to it.# - if $NB_ORA_FULL = 1 then echo Full backup requested $RMAN_LOG_FILE BACKUP_TYPE=INCREMENTAL LEVEL=0 elif $NB_ORA_INCR = 1 then echo Differential incremental backup requested $RMAN_LOG_FILE BACKUP_TYPE=INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1 elif $NB_ORA_CINC = 1 then echo Cumulative incremental backup requested $RMAN_LOG_FILE BACKUP_TYPE=INCREMENTAL LEVEL=1 CUMULATIVE elif $BACKUP_TYPE = then echo Default - Full backup requested $RMAN_LOG_FILE BACKUP_TYPE=INCREMENTAL LEVEL=0fi# -# Call Recovery Manager to initiate the backup. This example does not use a# Recovery Catalog. If you choose to use one, replace the option nocatalog# from the rman command line below with the # rcvcat / statement.# Note: Any environment variables needed at run time by RMAN # must be set and exported within the switch user (su) command.# -# Backs up the whole database. This backup is part of the incremental# strategy (this means it can have incremental backups of levels 0# applied to it).# We do not need to explicitly request the control file to be included# in this backup, as it is automatically included each time file 1 of# the system tablespace is backed up (the inference: as it is a whole# database backup, file 1 of the system tablespace will be backed up,# hence the controlfile will also be included automatically).# Typically, a level 0 backup would be done at least once a week.# The scenario assumes:# o you are backing your database up to two tape drives# o you want each backup set to include a maximum of 5 files# o you wish to include offline datafiles, and read-only tablespaces,# in the backup# o you want the backup to continue if any files are inaccessible.# o you are not using a Recovery Catalog# o you are explicitly backing up the control file. Since you are# specifying nocatalog, the controlfile backup that occurs# automatically as the result of backing up the system file is# not sufficient; it will not contain records for the backup that# is currently in progress.# o you want to archive the current log, back up all the# archive logs using two channels, putting a maximum of 20 logs# in a backup set, and deleting them once the backup is complete.# Note that the format string is constructed to guarantee uniqueness and# to enhance NetBackup for Oracle backup and restore performance.# NOTE WHEN USING TNS ALIAS: When connecting to a database# using a TNS alias, you must use a send command or a parms operand to # specify environment variables. In other words, when accessing a database# through a listener, the environment variables set at the system level are not # visible when RMAN is running. For more information on the environment# variables, please refer to the NetBackup for Oracle Admin. Guide.# -CMD_STR=ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOMEexport ORACLE_HOMEORACLE_SID=$ORACLE_SIDexport ORACLE_SID$RMAN target $TARGET_CONNECT_STR nocatalog msglog $RMAN_LOG_FILE append EOF 如果是有catalog,则这句话改为:$RMAN target $TARGET_CONNECT_STR catalog rmancrm/rmancrmrman msglog $RMAN_LOG_FILE append $RMAN_LOG_FILE RSTAT=$?else /usr/bin/sh -c $CMD_STR $RMAN_LOG_FILE RSTAT=$?fi # -# Log the completion of this script.# - if $RSTAT = 0 then LOGMSG=ended successfullyelse LOGMSG=ended in errorfi echo $RMAN_LOG_FILEecho Script $0 $RMAN_LOG_FILEecho = $LOGMSG on
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