钻工培训资料 Gassy Open Holes.doc

Controlled Document - 611f8f2b3d18b40d70dfaffd3b6dbf96.pdfOPERATIONSINSTRUCTION FOR OPERATING EQUIPMENT SHAQU COAL MINE, CHINA沙曲矿千米钻机操作说明INSTRUCTION FOR MANAGEMENT OF OPEN BORE HOLES ISSUING GAS开喷瓦斯孔前的管理及说明 Instruction 030说明CONTROLLED DOCUMENT SHAQU 沙曲管理文件RESPONSIBLE GROUPS责任人VALLEY LONGWALL DRILLING & SHAQU DRILLING CREWS - Page 1 of 11VLD服务工程师和沙曲钻工PREPARED BY: DATE：编制： 日期：CHECKED BY: DATE：审核： 日期：REVIEWED BY: DATE：复核： 日期：CHECKED FORVLC BY DATE Dave McKinnon & Shang Zheng Sheng 2006-10-20PURPOSE目的1. To prescribe the methods and standards for managing open bore holes issuing gas为开抽放瓦斯钻孔提供方法和标准。2. To ensure tasks associated with these tasks are carried out in a safe and efficient manner.确保安全、高效地完成打钻任务。REFERENCES参考文件 Instruction 005 Instruction for Operating VL 1000 Series Drill System说明书005VLD1000千米钻机操作服务手册PERSONNEL人员Valley Longwall Trainer and Drilling personnel in conjunction with safety inspections. Drill to be under the control of at least one competent, appointed person and be trained to carry out their duties safely in accordance with the requirements of this instruction. All personnel must have read and signed off on this instruction. 打钻前VLD培训师和钻工要进行安全检查，打钻至少要在一名有能力的、经过培训的、可以按照操作说明要求安全地履行其职责的人员的控制下来进行，所有人员应仔细阅读该条款并签字。SKILLS技能 Directional Driller, Drill Crew or Trainee Driller 打钻指导工程师，钻工，或实习钻工。HAZARDS危险CONTROLS管理Drill site atmosphere high gas, low oxygen, and inadequate ventilation.钻场环境高瓦斯、低氧、通风差1. Authorised Person inspections as 配备具有资质的瓦检员2. Adequate ventilation.足够的通风3. Interlocked methanometers to be fitted to all drills.钻机装备瓦斯闭锁装置4. Hand held gas monitors to be used.使用手持式瓦检仪5. Gas management during drilling (e.g. stuffing boxes, venturis, sails or wings).打钻过程中的瓦斯管理（比如：封孔器，瓦斯管路，风帘或风帐）。Drill site equipment and set up inadequate or unserviceable.钻场设备和安装不合适、不安全。1. Maintenance of rig (mechanical and electrical inspections to be completed each shift)钻机维护（每班应进行机电检查）2. Site equipment and hose management.钻场设备和软管的管理3. Housekeeping inspections and audits 辅助检查。4. Provision of safety equipment 设备的安全防护措施。Gas discharging from water fines outlet on gas/water/fines separator potential catastrophic disruption to mine, personal injury/death.从气水分离器中排出的瓦斯对矿井和矿工存在着潜在的危险。1. Ensure isolation valves are set up in the separator system before connection to bore hole.在气水分离器与钻孔连接前，要确保装有安全隔离阀。2. Gas discharge line must be installed on an incline down to prevent water accumulating and blocking gas flow or increasing backpressure.瓦斯排放管路口必须安装在向下倾斜的管路上，以防止积水增多阻止瓦斯流量或增加背压3. Methanometers to be carried to monitor gas levels when an open hole exists.在开始打新钻孔前，用瓦检仪监测瓦斯浓度。HAZARDS危险CONTROLS管理Gassing out niche or working areas of the mine - potential catastrophic disruption to mine, personal injury/death.工作面或钻场排出的瓦斯对矿井和矿工存在着潜在的危险。1. A gate valve must be fitted to the standpipe on the inbye side of stuffing box and T-piece and all drilling and associated tasks carried out through the gate valve.闸阀应安装在封孔器和T型管附近的封孔管上；所有的打钻及其它工作都应在装有闸阀下完成。2. Methanometers to be carried to monitor gas levels when an open hole exists.在开始打新钻孔前，用瓦检仪监测瓦斯浓度。3. For uncontrolled gas flows, the Authorised Person for the district must be notified.对于瓦斯浓度无法控制的区域，瓦检员必须通报. Drill string components or poly being forcibly ejected from drill hole by gas pressure personal injury/death, equipment damage.钻杆和封孔管可能被瓦斯的压力从钻孔中吹出，造成人员伤亡、设备损坏。1. Care must be taken to ensure that Instruction 005 and Instruction 030 are strictly adhered to when handling rods, down hole motors, drill bits, & other components of the drill string.在操作钻杆、孔底马达、钻头以及其它打钻部件时，应严格遵守005、030 的说明。2. Ensure rods are securely clamped in rotary head or front chuck before attempting to add or remove rods.加或拆除钻杆前，确保前夹持器夹紧钻杆3. Ensure gate valve is closed and standpipe is secure before removing the stuffing box, extension or T-piece.拆除接头、扩孔装置或T型管前，确保闸门阀关闭4. Do not stand in line with gassy or pressurised boreholes.禁止站在瓦斯管路口或有压力的孔口处。EQUIPMENT REQUIRED设备要求Refer Instruction 005 - Instruction for Operating VL 1000 Series Drill System参照VL005操作服务手册或VL1000系列钻机操作手册ACTIONS行动INSTALL DOWN HOLE MOTOR/DDM MECCA IN NEW STANDPIPE this practice applies to directional drilling in areas where high gas flows can be expected. 在新的封孔管中安装孔底马达/DGS此项操作适用于高瓦斯区域的定向打钻。1. Connect a 100 mm standpipe T piece and opened 100 mm gate valve to the standpipe. The T piece side outlet is fitted with a gate valve.把100的T型管和100的闸阀（处于打开状态）连接到封孔管上。T型管的出口端接在闸阀上。2. Feed the non-magnetic DHM through the rigs chuck and rod holder, fit a 96 mm PCD bit and slide through the T piece into the standpipe. 将非磁性孔底马达穿过钻机的前后夹持器，装上96mm的钻头滑过T型管滑进封孔管。3. Mark and set the tool face at 12 oclock.把弯头方向设置在12点位置并做记号。4. Slide the flange and DHM stuffing box over the back end of the DGS.将DGS和孔底马达装进后，套上法兰盘和封孔器。5. Feed a Copper Beryllium (BeCu) rod with the DGS installed through the rod and chuck holders.将装有DGS的铜铍合金钻杆穿过钻机的前后夹持器。6. Slide the rod stuffing box over the front end of the BeCu rod/DGS.装进铜铍合金钻杆/DGS后，套上密封盖。7. Connect the DGS to the DHM with Loctite and mark at 12 oclock.用粘胶把DGS和孔底马达连在一起并在12点位置做下标记。8. Orientate the DHM tool face to the DGS (to be done at the start of each borehole and whenever the DGS has separated from the DHM).确定孔底马达、钻头与DGS的方向（在每个钻孔前和当DGS与孔底马达分开时完成此项工作）。9. Bolt the DHM stuffing box to the T piece flange.将孔底马达装进后，用螺栓把封孔器与T型管的法兰盘连接在一起。10. Bolt the rod stuffing box to the DHM stuffing box.用螺栓把钻杆的密封压垫与封孔器连接在一起。11. Feed equipment progressively into the standpipe.将孔底导向系统慢慢地送入封口管。12. Connect second Copper Beryllium (BeCu) rod with Loctite. This rod should have a MECCA sub to NQ or NRQ box in the back.用粘胶把第二根铜铍合金钻杆连接在一起。这根铜钻杆的尾部应有一个MECCA接头连接NQ或NRQ钻杆。13. Feed in until the bit reaches the end of the standpipe.将孔底导向系统推至封孔口管端头。14. Open the side valve of the T piece before starting to drill or ream.在打钻前或扩孔前，要打开T型管上的阀门。15. Drill in the remainder of the second rod with a preferred tool face of 12 oclock.钻进已在第二根标有12点的钻杆的剩余部分16. Add the third drill rod (first steel) and drill in the length of the rod at the same orientation.加第三根钻杆（第一根钢钻杆）并以相同的方位角钻进，其深度是一根钻杆的长度。17. Drill on until the survey point is 6 metres in or 6 metres past the end of the standpipe (if steel).钻进6m或距封孔管（如是钢管）尾部6m，为测量点。18. CHECK SHOT Do a Check Shot” survey and record the Azimuth reading as the initial standpipe Entry Heading.测量点做一个“测量点”并根据起始封孔管的入口端记录其方位角。19. Set up the DGS for a New Hole using the recorded Entry Heading and the known Target Heading.根据已记录的入口端方位角和已知的目标方位角为新孔设定DGS。20. Continue drilling and carry out surveys at 6 metre intervals.继续钻进每隔6m测量一次。 ACTIONS行动REMOVE DOWN HOLE MOTOR/DGS FROM BOREHOLE this practice applies to directional drilling in areas where high gas flows can be expected. 从钻孔中拆除孔底马达/DGS此项操作适用高瓦斯区域的定向打钻1. Ensure that the ventilation to the site is adequate.确保钻场有足够的风量。2. Ensure the drill rig is fitted with an operational methanometer that is in calibration and that a hand-held methanometer is carried to measure the surrounding atmosphere.确保钻机已装有校准后的瓦斯断电仪，并配有便携式瓦检仪供监测钻场的瓦斯浓度。3. Before pulling out of the borehole, pull back several rods and continue flushing for a minimum of 10 minutes to allow the hole to flush clean.在来回拉拔钻杆之前，要连续洗孔，每次最少10分钟直至将钻冲净。4. Pull the rods from the borehole.从钻孔中撤出钻杆。5. Monitor the rods as they are removed until the Copper Beryllium (Be Cu) at the back of the DGS is exposed through the stuffing box.拉钻杆时要随时观察，直至DGS的铜铍合金钻杆从封孔器中露出。6. Pull theDGS Down Hole Unit out until the back of the DHM is through the DHM stuffing box and is up against the rod stuffing box.从孔底马达的封孔器中拉出DGS孔底单元，直至露出孔底马达的尾部，并将其靠在钻杆的封孔器上。7. Unbolt the outbye stage of the stuffing box; ensuring the inbye DHM stuffing box maintains the seal on the rods.拆除外封孔器；要保证孔底马达封孔器与钻杆的密封性。8. Pull the back of the DHM through the DHM stuffing box.穿过孔底马达的封孔器，把孔底马达推回钻孔中。9. Clamp the DHM in the DHM stuffing box with the locking T bolt用T型螺栓把孔底马达固定在孔底马达的封孔器上。10. Separate the BeCu rod/DHM joint.把铜钻杆和孔底马达拆开。11. Remove the outbye stage of the stuffing box.拆除封孔器。12. Pull the Copper Beryllium (Be Cu) rod through the rod clamp and rotate the rod clamp over.穿过前后加持器，把铜钻杆拉出。13. Reconnect the rod to the DHM with the rotation unit in the fully forward position.用后夹持器以正转方向把孔底马达和钻杆重新连接14. Release the DHM clamping bolt and pull the rod back until all of the DHM and the bit is outside of the standpipe valve.拆除孔底马达的固定螺栓，将孔底马达和钻头从封孔管阀中拉出。15. Shut off the standpipe valve.关闭封孔管阀。16. Remove the flanged DHM stuffing box.拆除用法兰盘连接的孔底马达的封孔器。17. Remove the DHM, remove the bit from the DHM and remove the DHM from the stuffing box. 拆除孔底马达，从孔底马达上拆除钻头，拆除封孔器。18. Rotate the rod clamp back into position.旋转钻杆夹持器返回原位19. Check gear for damage, eg. DHM, DGS.检查设备是否有损坏，比如：孔底马达、DGS。ACTIONS行动SET UP PROCEDURE FOR GAS/WATER/FINES SEPARATOR This practice applies to establishing a gas/water/fines separator to manage the flow of gas from the bore hole, through the stuffing box and into either the gas pipeline through an intermediate water trap or return airway, as directed by the mine official.安装气水分离器的步骤这个操作用于安装气/水/煤粉分离器来控制从钻孔中排出的瓦斯,根据煤矿领导的指示，让瓦斯穿过封孔器通过水分离器进入瓦斯管路或是排到回风巷GAS MUST NOT BE ALLOWED TO VENT FROM THE STUFFING BOX, GAS/FINES/WATER SEPARATOR OR ANY DISCHARGE LINES INTO INTAKE AIRWAYS! 瓦斯不允许从封孔器、气水分离器或别的排放管路中泄漏到巷道中。ACTIONS TO ENSURE THIS:1. Maintain low backpressure in the gas discharge system.瓦斯排放系统要保持低背压。2. Gas discharge line must be graded down to the discharge point to prevent water accumulating and blocking gas flow. 瓦斯排放管路应低于瓦斯释放口，防止瓦斯泄漏。3. The height of the U-bend in the water/fines discharge line can be increased to resist greater backpressure if required CRITICAL gas must not be allowed to discharge from this outlet.增加排放管路水/煤渣的U型管的高度能抑制背压的增加（如需要）-关键-瓦斯不能从此口排出4. It is good practice to locate the separator as close to the borehole, rig & fines pod as possible.尽可能把气水分离器放在钻孔、钻机以及煤渣场的附近5. Until such time as the separator is set up correctly and ready to handle gas/water/fines flows, the borehole must remain isolated.在把分离器正确安装好且准备好排放水、瓦斯、煤渣之前，钻孔必须被隔离。GAS/WATER/FINES SEPARATOR (Drawing No. 1)气水分离器（图1） GAS DISCHARGE（瓦斯排放）: VALVES 阀 WATER INLET FROM BORE HOLE - LEVEL GAS/WATER/FINES 水位 瓦斯/水/煤渣WATER/FINESDISCHARGE: GasMust not dischargeFrom this point! MANUAL SILT DISCHARGE POINT 煤渣排放口ACTIONS行动GAS AND WATER MANAGEMENT WHILE DRILLING打钻时，瓦斯和水的管理It is critical to the safe and efficient drilling and mining operations that water, fines and gas are managed correctly.正确地控制管理好水、煤渣和瓦斯对安全、高效地打钻及煤矿生产是非常关键的。WATER（水）: Water is released through the stuffing box into a gas separator, then to a fines pod, where fines are captured for later removal by LHD. The pod must be in place before Down Hole Motor drilling commences.水通过封孔器流进气水分离器，然后流进沉淀池。在开始打钻前，沉淀池内的煤渣必须清理干净。 A 2” diaphragm pump must be set up to deliver water from the pod, to manage the water created from the drilling process. A strainer must be used on the pump.使用2污水泵来抽沉淀池中的污水。泵要装过滤网。 Offsiders must ensure pump is kept adjusted, serviced and lubricated.辅助钻工必须调整、保养水泵。 Dams using bags of stone dust and shade cloth can be built round drill sites and niches to contain any spilt water or separate fines as required.根据现场需求，用装有石渣的袋子围绕钻场修建拦污坝，来挡住打钻产生的污水或用来分离煤渣。 GAS（瓦斯）: All completed holes must be hooked up to the gas drainage manifold as soon as practicable.所有完成的钻孔，尽可能与瓦斯抽放管路连起来。 Ventilation problems identified are to be addressed immediately by whichever methods are appropriate (e.g. brattice wing, sail, venturi, etc) refer OPS-P-030.立即用所有可能的方法解决通风问题(比如使用风帘、风帐等)-参阅OPS-P-030 Venturis or Air Movers where required will be set up by the drillers.有些地方需要风帐或风机，将有钻工来安装。 Venturis or Air Movers must be effectively earthed.风机必须可靠接地。DRILL CUTTINGS（煤渣）: The main aim is to keep cuttings separate from the dirty water pumping system and make fines easily accessible for removal.主要目的是把煤渣从污水中分离出来，并较容易地把煤渣运走。 Fines pods and 2” diaphragm pumps must be set up at all drill sites to collect cuttings and water.在钻场，修建污水池和安装2污水泵来收集煤渣和水。 Water will be pumped from the fines pods to a designated area, generally into a sump or the mine pump out line.把水从污水池抽到指定地点通常是污水沟或其它地方。 When full, fines pods will be removed to the surface for emptying.当污水池满了时，把煤渣运至地面，腾空。 Fines to be dumped in the sump dump area.把煤渣堆放在指定堆放地点。8611f8f2b3d18b40d70dfaffd3b6dbf96.pdf C Freer - 290805Controlled Document - 611f8f2b3d18b40d70dfaffd3b6dbf96.pdf OPERATIONSDRAWING NO. 2（图2）CONSTRUCTION OF STANDPIPES FOR DRILLING INTO GAS FILLED VOIDS封孔管与瓦斯抽放系统连接示意图 STANDPIPE WITH WELDED SOCKET OR VICTAULIC RING (minimum 5 metres long)焊有接头的封孔管（至少5m长） GATE VALVE （闸阀） T-PIECE（三通管）ROD & DHM STUFFING BOXES（钻杆和孔底马达的封孔器）1. The standpipe as per mine requirements. It must be made of non-sparking, non magnetic material (copper is ideal) 根据煤矿的需求条件，封孔管必须由不产生火花、非磁性材料构成。2. A socket or victaulic ring can be fitted to the standpipe.封孔管上装有连接头或3. An appropriate gate valve is then threaded to the socket or attached to the victaulic ring on the standpipe.然后用丝扣把孔口阀与封孔管连接起来。4. A T-piece is then attached to the outside of the gat