裕兴新概念英语第二册完美打印版笔记_第37课.doc

Lesson 37 The Olympic Games奥林匹克运动会 一单词讲解Olympic adj奥林匹克竞赛的the Olympic fire奧林匹克圣火the Olympic Games/the Olympics奧林匹克运动会hold-held-held1) conduct举行，进行例: The Olympic Games will be held in Beijing in 2008.奥运会将在2008年在北京召开A meeting was held here yesterday昨天一个会议被召开了。2)observe，celebrate庆祝，过（节日，生日，周年）例: Do you hold Christmas in your country?你们国家庆祝圣诞节吗？3)take and keep/grab/seize/catch抓住，握住hold my hand抓住我的手take hold of.catch hold of.get hold of. 抓住.例: l threw the rope and he caught hold of it.我扔出了绳了，他抓住了它。4) contain容纳have enough space for sb/sth例: My brain cannot hold so much information at one time我的大脑一下子不能容纳这么多信息。The auditorium can hold l, 000 people这个礼堂能够容纳1000人5)坚持例：Hold on! 坚持住！Stick to it! 坚持住！Never say die！ 永不言败！Never give up! 永不放弃！Never lose heart! 永不要灰心丧气！Hold the line, please 请稍等，不要挂断电话。Hold it! 别挂断！Hold on a minute，please !请稍等（不要挂断电话）。government n政府govern v治理（国家，国民），统治，管理，抑制例: The mayor governed the city very wisely.这个市长很好的治理这个城市。govern the people 统治人民govern a school 管理一所学校govern one s temper 抑制某人的脾气government n政治，政府government of the people, by the people and for the people民有，民治，民享的政治the local government 地方政府：governor n州长（美）：总督，总裁，管理者（-英）Run for Governor-by Mark Twain竞选州长the board of governors 董理事会the governor of the prison 监狱长stadium n露大体育场a baseball stadium 棒球馆a swimming stadium 游泳馆an indoor stadium 室内游泳馆the Olympic stadium 奥林匹克运动场gymnasium健身房，室内体育馆gymgymnasia(pl)capital1) n首都，省会例: London, Paris and Rome are capital cities.伦敦、巴黎以及罗马都是首都城市。Paris is the capital of France 巴黎是法国的首都。2) n大写字母capital letterwrite in capitals用大写字母来书写例: Begin your sentence with a capital.用大写字母开始句首。3) n资本，资金capitalism 资本主义capitalist 资本家set up a business with a capital starting of lOO, OOO.以十万英镑的起始资金创办公司。fixed capital固定资本circulating capital流动资本capital and interest资本及利息4) adj.致命的，可处死刑的capital punishment 死刑a capital blunder 大错误standard1)adj.标准的，一般的standard English 标准的英语a car of the standard size标准大小的汽车2) adj极佳的，一流的a standard composer一流的作曲家 3)n标准，水准，模范，规范living standard生活水准the standard of living生活水准moral standard 道德标准criterion n标准，尺度criteria pl.例: His work was below the required standard.他的工作低于要求的标准。standard time标准时间（以格林尼治标准时间为基准，在某个地区或国家采用的时间）fantastic /immense adj巨大的big大的反义词small小的large（宽度，数量上）大的huge巨大的，极大地very large in size or amount , enormousvast: very large in area, size, quantity or degree （面积，体积，数量，程度）巨大的immense：extremely large 巨大的，非常大的fantastic （口）巨大的enormous: very large， immense 巨大的， 极大的tremendous: very great 巨大的，极大的giant n巨人 巨物 adj.巨大的gigantic adj. 巨大的of very great size or extent, immensetitanic 巨大的fantastic1)adj巨大的2)adj. （口）极好的，美妙的，很棒的例： The night view of the bay is even more fantastic.海湾的夜景甚至更美。designl)v设计，拟订例: She designs dresses for the singer.她为那个歌星设计的衣服。He designed a plot for his new novel.他为新的小说设计情节。design a perfect crime 筹划一个天衣无缝的犯罪The house is designed for a large family.这个房子是为人口多的家庭设计的。designer n. 设计师2)V图样，设计（图）a design for a dress -条裙子的图样a school of dress design 服装设计学校draft a design for a building 画建筑的设计图dra:ft例: The machine is of very poor design.这个机器设计极其的糟糕。二、关键句型Key structures将来完成时一般将来时：will + do现在完成时：have/has 过去分词将來完成时：will(shall)have +v- ed农将來某时会完成的事情并往往对将来某时间产生影响，常常与表将来的时间状语连用。区别：一般将来时间状语连用。区别：一般将来时时将要发生的事。例: I shall have finished this book before lunch.在午饭之前我将要看完这本书。Theyll have hit the year s target by the end of October.到十月底为止，他们已经完成这本书了。When we get there they ll probably have left.他们可能已经走了。By this time next year we ll have turned all the land into rice fields.到明年这个时候为止，我们已经把稻田变成了田地。He will have moved to a new flat in two months time.两个月之后，他将已经搬进新的公寓了。三、课文讲解TextThe Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years time.game n cform of play or sport with rulesa game of cards纸牌游戏例: Playing house is one of the favorite games of children.玩过家家是孩子们最喜欢的游戏。games运动会 (pl.)the Games （国际）体育比赛international athletic contests 国际性比赛the Olympic Games 奧林匹克运动会play a cat-and-mouse game with sb 欲擒故纵the luck of the game 手气in 4 years time= in four years 四年之后此句为被动语态，主动语态是We will hold the Olympic Games in our country in four years time四年之后，将在我国召开运动会。As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool.a great many +pl 许多a good many十pl.a large number of+ pl.many a + single n. （谓语用单数）They will also be building new roads and a special railway line. The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called Olympic City. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year.By the end of the Year 到今年年底为止in the end 最后at last 最后finally 最后at the end of+时间地点at the end of this month 这个月月底at the end of this road 这个路的尽头by the end of 与完成时连用By the end of next year, they will have finished work on the new stadiumThe fantastic modern buildings have been designed by Kr Kurt Gunter. Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up.go upmushroom up如雨后春笋般越来越多例: New buildings mushroom up.新的建筑物像雨后春笋一般耸立起来。We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country.look forward to ( prep) + n. /doing/pron.渴望，盼望（常用进行时态）be eager to do sth 热切的盼望做某事be eager for sth 热切的期望着什么long to do sth渴望做某事long for sth 渴望着什么东西例：I am looking forward to your letter.我期待着你的信。I am looking forward to seeing you again.我渴望着再次见到你。look1)n神情，表情good looking 好看的common looking 长相普通的ordinary-looking 长相普通的have a look at 看一眼2) vi.look at 看look for 寻找look after 照顾look into像里面看：调查，研究look on 旁观look through 透过一看；快速浏览look over 反反复复地看look back 回顾 look back the pastlook forward 向前看，展望；渴望look out 小心例：Look out! A bus is coming小心，公共汽车来了。look up查字典；拜访；抬起头，仰视例: I don t understand this word, I shall look it up in a dictionary.我不明白这个词，应该在字典里查一下。Don t forget to look me up when you return.等你回来的时候不要忘了来看看我。He did not look up from his desk when I entered his office.当我进入办公室的时候，他甚至没有从办公桌上抬起头来。put take get set look have万能词：Words have no meanings; people have meanings for words词是没有含义的，人们为此赋了含义。四、练习Exercises1. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. They _.A. have already finished B. haven t finished yetC. finished long time ago D. are finishing now工人们将在今年年底将公路铺好，他们还没有完成。分析： A已经完成了； C很久前完成的：D正在完成； B还没有完成。答案是B2. By the end of next year they will have finis