简述接地线重要性翻译版.doc

简述接地线重要性1、接地线的意义：接地线是从事电气工作必不可少的一种安全工具，它便于携带，可在现场灵活使用。挂接地线是保护检修人员的一道安全屏障，可防止突然来电对人体的伤害。但实际工作中，由于接地线使用频繁且操作看似简单，容易使人产生麻痹思想，其重要性也往往被人忽视，经常出现不正确的使用情况，以致降低甚至有时失去了接地线的安全保护作用。挂接地线是在停电后所采用的安全预防措施，若不使用或者不正确使用接地线，往往会加大事故侵害发生的几率。因此，正确使用接地线，规范挂、拆接地线，才能拒危险隐患于千里之外，才能避免由于接地线原因引起的电气事故。1.the importance of ground wireThe ground wire is a safety tool that is essential for electrical work. It is easy to carry and can be used flexibly on the site. Connecting the ground wire is a safety barrier to protect the maintenance personnel, which can prevent the sudden appearance of electricity harming the human body. But in the actual work, due to the frequent use of the ground wire and the operation seems simple, it is easy to produce paralysis thought, and its importance is often overlooked. The improper use often occurs, so that it even reduces or even loses the safe protective effects of the ground wire. Connecting the ground wire is a safety precaution measure that will be adopted after power outage. If you do not use or use the ground wire incorrectly, it will often increase the chance of accident damage. Therefore, the correct use of ground wire, hanging and removing the ground wire normally can avoid hidden danger in thousands of miles away, which can avoid electrical accidents caused by the the connection of grounding wire. 2、常用接地线的种类：2.The kinds of connection ground wire in common use 3、实际工作中接地线的使用应注意以下事项：3.the following matters need to be focused during the actual use of ground wire(1) 工作之前必须检查接地线。软铜线是否断头，螺丝连接处有无松动，线钩的弹力是否正常，不符合要求应及时调换或修好后再使用。挂接地线前必须先验电，未验电挂接地线是基层中较普遍的习惯性违章行为，而验电的目的是确认现场是否已停电，能消除停错电、未停电的人为失误防止带电挂接地线。(1)The ground wire must be checked before work. Check whether soft copper wire is broken, whether the screw connection is loose, whether the elastic force of line hook is normal. If they do not meet the requirements, please promptly replace or repaire before use in time. Before the ground wire is connected, please check electricity. The behavior of connecting the ground wire without checking electricity is more common habitual violation, and the purpose of checking electricity is to confirm whether its power outage on the site, which can eliminate the wrong behavior of cutting off power and no power outtage, preventing human error to connect the ground wire with electricity. (2)在工作段两端，或有可能来电的支线(含感应电、可能倒送电的自备电)上挂接地线。实际工作中，常忽略用户倒送电、感应电的可能，深受其害的例子不少。(2)Connect the ground wire in the two ends of work section, or the branch line where electricity may occur (including induction electricity, auxiliary electricity of inverse power transmission). In the practical work, transmit electricity adversely to the user and the possibility of induction electricity is often ignored. There are a lot of cases suffered from the harm. (3)新工作人员必须经过对接地线使用的培训、学习，考核合格后，方能单独从事接地线操作或使用工作。选用规格合格的接地线（截面积不小于25mm2）。这也是容易发生习惯性违章之处，地线的线径要满足规定要求，才能通过事故大电流。(3)The new staff must go through the training, learning of the use of the ground wire, after passing the test, can be engaged in the ground wire operation or use it alone. Selection of qualified grounding wire (cross-sectional area should not be less than 25mm2). Its also prone to cause habitual violations. The diameter of the ground wire should meet the requirements so emergency high current can go through. (4)不准把接地线夹接在表面油漆过的金属构架或金属板上。这是在电气一次设备场所挂接地线时常见的违章现象。虽然金属与接地系统相连，但油漆表面是绝缘体，油漆厚度的耐压达10 kV/mm，可使接地回路不通，失去保护作用。(4)Do not connect the ground wire clamp on the metal frame with painted surface or metal plate. This is a common phenomenon of breaking regulations in the electrical primary equipment site. Although the metal and the grounding system are connected, the paint surface is insulator, withstand voltage value of the paint thickness is 10 kV / mm, which can make the grounding circuit blocked, losing the function of protection. (5)严禁使用其它金属线代替接地线。其它金属线不具备通过事故大电流的能力，接触也不牢固，故障电流会迅速熔化金属线，断开接地回路，危及工作人员生命。(5)Prohibit using other metal wire to replace the ground wire. Other metal wires do not have the ability to pass through the accidental large current, contact is not strong, the fault current will quickly melt the metal wire, disconnect the ground circuit, and endanger the staff life. (6)现场工作不得少挂接地线或者擅自变更挂接地线地点。接地线数量和挂接点都是经过工作前慎重考虑的，少挂或变换接地点，都会使现场保护作用降低，使人处于危险的工作状态。接地线具有双刃性，它具有安全的作用，使用不当也会产生破坏效应，所以工作完毕要及时拆除接地线。带接地线合开关会损坏电气设备和破坏电网的稳定，会导致严重的恶性电气事故。接地线应存放在干燥的室内，要专门定人定点保管、维护，并编号造册，定期检查记录。应注意检查接地线的质量，观察外表有无腐蚀、磨损、过度氧化、老化等现象，以免影响接地线的使用效果。(6)Prohibit connecting few ground wires or changing the location of ground wire. The number of ground lines and hanging points are carefully considered before work. Hanging less or changing the grounding point will reduce the function of protection on site, making people in a dangerous working condition. Ground wire has double-edged characteristic and the safe role, improper use of which will also have a disruptive effect, so after the completion of work, it must be removed in time. Closing the switch with the grounding wire will damage the electrical equipment and damage the stability of the power grid, which will lead to serious malignant electrical accidents. Ground wire should be stored in a dry room, with fixed-point custody, maintained, and numbered with regular inspection records. Please pay attention to check the quality of the ground wire, and observe whether there is corrosion, wear, excessive oxidation, aging and so on the appearance, so as not to affect the use effect of the ground wire.4、未装设接地线造成触电死亡的真实案例：1992年6月13日，江西铜业公司某厂电工班班长，在电气线路改造作业中，因未装设接地线，结果由于反送电不幸触电身亡。事故经过：6月13日15时30分，该厂电仪工段值班长通知电工班班长雷某某(男，22岁，大学毕业，1990年参加工作)，要他参加16时下班后部分电工为浮选低压配电室线路改造安装母排的工作。其后，雷某某、张某某等5名电工陆续到达配电室，趁交接班停产之际，首先由张某某断开配电室进线总开关，并经检验确认无电后，悬挂标有“有人工作，禁止合闸”字样的警告牌，5名电工各就各位开始工作。此时，雷某某在配电柜的背面作业，另一人监护。不一会儿，第一块母排就安装好了，第二块也已安好一端。这时，张某某右手扶着第二块母排，雷某某则双手各