语言与文化试题.doc

.Each of the following statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement (20%).1.Language is ( ),which means that speech is the primary medium of language.A.arbitrary B.vocalC.symbolic D.human specific2.“A pond of flesh is derived from Shakespeares ( )A.Romeo and Juliet B.Anthony and CleopatraC.The Merchant of Venice D.King Lear3.“A greenhorn in English refers to ( )A.a horn in the color of greenB.a foolish personC.a simple and inexperienced personD.a jealous person4.Analogy is often made in English between ( ) and people who are rude or hot-tempered people with high intelligence or remarkable power of endurance.A.bears B.horsesC.monkeys D.foxes5.( ) words emerged to classify things,for instance,direction,time,quantity and quality while function words indicate the relationship between things.A.Common B.GoodC.Content D.Gesture6.The English speaking people are direct,so( )A.they reason from the particular to the general,from parts to the whole,or from the small to the big.B.they reason from the general to the particular,from the whole to the part,from the big to the small.C.they prefer the information structure in which the more important information precedes the less important information.D.they prefer the information structure in which the less information precedes the more important information.7.( ) is the leader of the British government.A.Prime Minister B.QueenC.President D.Governor8.“Visitors should go up the stairs at once is a ( ) style of language.A.frozen B.formalC.consultative D.casual9.The English idiom “to be all thumbs means( )A.to be clumsy B.to be importantC.to be rich D.to be proud10.When an Englishman says “I was only pulling your leg,he means ( )A.I was only warning youB.I was only trying to prevent you from making progressC.I was only jokingD.I was only asking you for help11.When offering another person to be first in going through a door,getting in a car,the normal expression is ( )A.“After youB.“You go first,pleaseC.“Would you like to go first?D.“Can you go first,please?12.In English speaking countries expensive gifts will ( )A.make them uncomfortable for they will not know how to return the kindnessB.make them very happy for they think they are highly valuedC.make them surprise for they will not know how to use itD.make them embarrassed for they know they are not worth it13.( ) is what is communicated by the way in which a speaker or writer organizes a message,in terms of ordering,focus,or emphasis.A.Conceptual meaning B.Thematic meaningC.Social meaning D.Affective meaning14.A noble man holding the highest hereditary title outside the royal family is ( )A.duke B.knightC.lord D.sir15.( ) is the planet second in order from the sun,derived from the Roman goddess of love and beauty.A.Venus B.JupiterC.Uranium D.Mars16.“Love store corresponds to ( )A.爱情商店 B.色情商店C.爱心商店 D.友爱商店17.The word in British English for “faculty is ( )A.department B.stuffC.staff D.teacher18.When signifying “come here,English speakers would ( )A.extend their closed hands,plams up,with only their forefingers moving back and forthB.extend their open hands,palms down,toward the person with all fingers crooked in a beckoning motionC.extend their closed hands,palms up,toward the person with all fingers crooked in a beckoning motionD.extend their open hands,palms down,with only their forefingers moving back and forth19.A Don Juan is ( )A.a captivation man known as a great lover or seducer of womenB.an idealistic and impractical personC.a person or thing suffering from undeserved neglectD.a woman of breathtaking beauty20.American and British English are two ( ) of the English language.A.varieties B.elementsC.parts D.forms.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)21.The relationship between language,culture and thought is that( )A.they are three parts of a wholeB.language is determined by culture while culture is determined by thought C.each of them can operate independentlyD.the three aspects interact,each influencing and shaping the other two22.The euphemistic expression for “backward countries are ( )A.underdeveloped countriesB.developed countriesC.developing countriesD.poor countries23.Generally speaking,the main function of English newspaper reporting is ( )A.to teach the reader B.to advise the readerC.to inform the reader D.to enlighten the reader24.“To make bricks without straw ( )A.means to do something without proper materialB.means one is bound to fail when trying to do something without necessary materialC.corresponds to “做劳而无功的工作” in ChineseD.corresponds to “做无米之炊” in Chinese25.Major differences in English and Chinese advertising are( )A.differences in serviceB.differences in brand namesC.differences in vocabulary and grammarD.differences in varieties26.Deductive refers to ( )A.reasoning from the general to the particularB.reasoning for the particular to the generalC.the main thesis preceding the supporting informationD.the supporting information preceding the main thesis27.( ) can be related to individualism.A.“Tell money after your father”B.“Wives and children are bills of charges”C.“Even reckoning makes long friends”D.“Maids want nothing but husbands,and when they have them,they want everything”28.Names include ( )A.given names B.surnamesC.full names D.nicknames or pet names 29.In Australian English,( ) that may be used to describe persons of Asian appearance are clearly derogatory.A.slant-eyes B.dagosC.wogs D.chinks30.Red caps refer to ( )A.military policemen in American EnglishB.porters in American EnglishC.porters in British EnglishD.military policemen in British English第二部分 非选择题. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (10%)31.Language is the _ of cultural information.32.Meaning is conveyed not only by words or verbal language but also by _.33.The English equivalent for “趁热打铁” is _.34.The “_ English refers to those basic English items that appear in most or all varieties of English.35.Lexical,grammatical and textual features are often attributed to _.36.When addressing or referring to a king,queen or emperor,we use _ together with possessive pronouns.37.A marriage arranged in order to strengthen the political,social,or financial position of one or both parties is called _.38.It is often said that English is a language with _ grammar and Chinese is a language with implicit grammar.39.The major theme of western culture is individualism while the central theme of traditional Chinese culture is _ or environmentalism.40.“Private school in American English refers to the same as “_ in British English.Answer the following questions briefly.(12%)41.What are the main features of the headline and lead in English newspaper reporting?42.What are euphemisms and their major functions?43.What are tenors and vehic