深圳英语七年级下学期Chapter 3 Encyclopaedia.doc

Chapter 3 Encyclopaedia【重点集锦】. Phraseslook up 查找 more than 多于，超过 as as 与一样 与一样小as small asdie out 灭绝 be famous for/be known for 因而著名was/were born in USA 出生于美国毕业leave school 毕业at the same time 同时be based on 以为基础 become rich and famous 变得（富裕、出名）someothers 一些另一些such as/ for example 例如learn about 得知，了解cartoon character 卡通人物deliver mail 投寄信件all year round 全年. Sentences 1. Dinosaurs existed on Earth more than sixty million years before human being.2. However, people can learn about the lives of dinosaurs from fossils of their skeletons, eggs and footprints.3. He is famous for his cartoon characters such as Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, Goofy and Snow White.4. After leaving school, he sold newspapers and delivered mail.5. At the same time, he studied art at night.6. Mickey Mouse was based on a real mouse. Language Points1. 与look 有关的词组：look up 查阅 look at 看；朝看look after 照料 look for 寻找look like 看起来像 look out 注意；当心look forward to 期望 look around环视2. as as 与一样Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens .Some dinosaurs were as big as ten elephants .as和as之间用形容词和副词的原形Tom is as tall as me. the same+名词+asTom is the same height as me.3. die v. 死 dying ,diedadj. dead n. deathdie out 灭绝die of 因而死亡（自身原因）die from因而死亡（外界原因）4someothers一些另一些 onethe other 一个另一个 another指的是三个以上或不确定数量中的任意一个， 意为 “另一个”1. Some students are watering the flowers, _B_ are cleaning. A. the others B. others C. the other D. another2. There are two sisters. One is watering the flowers, _C_ is cleaning.A. the others B. others C. the other D. another 3. She has three babies, now she is going to have _D_ one. A. the others B. others C. the other D. another你能从下面给出的例子中找到可数名词变成复数的规律吗？1. day-days bag-bags shop-shops animal- animals 在词尾加-s, 清辅音后发/s/, 浊辅音后发/z/ 2. bus-buses box-boxes brush-brushes match-matches 词尾是s, x, ch, sh 的加es, 读/iz/ 3. family-families baby-babies 词尾是辅音+y结尾的，将f变y，再加es, 读/iz/ 4. knife-knives shelf-shelves life-lives leaf-leaves 词尾是f, fe，将f, fe变为v, 再加es, 读/vz/ 注：有些以f结尾的可数名词变成复数后面直接加sFe: a roof - ten roofs5. radio- radios piano- pianos zoo- zoos photo- photos 词尾是o, 则加s, 读/z/ potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes hero- heroes（英雄） negro-negroes（黑人） volcano-volcanoes（火山） 少数以o结尾的，后面加-es 但是还有些名词变复数，无规律可循。很特别的要牢记。6. 单数形式和复数形式一样 a Chinese -ten Chinese a deer - ten deer a Japanese -ten Japanese a sheep - ten sheep a fish - ten fish7. 不规则变化 a child - ten children a man - ten men a woman - ten women a foot - two feet a tooth - ten teeth a mouse - ten mice8. 有些词总是表示复数含义 police people 不可数名词需要计量时，要加表示量的单位词。three bottles of orange juice 三瓶橙汁four glasses of milk 四杯牛奶six cups of coffee 六杯咖啡a jar of jam 一罐果酱five pieces of news 五条新闻two pieces of bread 两片面包three bowls of rice 三碗米饭a bottle of water 一瓶水有些可数名词也用量词来计量three bags of beans 三袋大豆two boxes of eggs 三盒鸡蛋ten bags of apples 十袋苹果three boys 三个男孩a map 一张地图some pears 一些梨some rice 一些大米【考点链接】考点1：more than例句：Dinosaurs existed on Earth more than sixty million years before human beings. (L1, P31) 恐龙存在于地球上的时间比人类早出超过60万年。试题：My grandma is more than 80 years old.（解释句子）My grandma is over 80 years old.考点2：as+adj./adv.原级+as; not (so)as+adj./adv.原级+as例句：Some dinosaurs were as big as ten elephants. (L3, p31) 一些恐龙和大象一样大。试题：This maths problem is _ that one. (2008辽宁大连) A. not as easy as B. more easy than C. easy than D. as easier as 答案： A考点3：someothers 一部分另一部分例句：Some dinosaurs were gentle and ate plants; Others were fierce and ate meat. (L6, P31)一些恐龙是很温和的草食动物；另一些是凶猛的肉食动物。试题：翻译：星期日公园里有许多人，有的在散步，有的在爬山。There are lots of people in the park on Sunday, some are walking and others are climbing the hills.考点4：可数名词 例句：People can learn about the lives of dinosaurs from fossils of their skeletons, eggs and footprints. (L9, P31)人们可以从恐龙的骨架，蛋以及脚印去了解他们的生活。试题：-Are those _? (2007肇庆) -No, they arent. Theyre _. A. sheep; cows B. sheep; cow C. sheeps; cows D. sheeps; cow答案：A考点5：不可数名词例句：air, water, music (P36)试题：My friend Dave helped me a lot by giving me _ on English learning.(2008四川成都) A. advices B. many advice C. some advice答案： C考点6：leave school例句：After leaving school, he sold newspapers and delivered mail. (L18,P31) 毕业之后，他送报纸及送邮件。试题：He left school two years ago. （解释句子） He graduated from school two years ago.考点7：指示代词 this/that/these/those/it例句： This is a chicken. That is an egg. These are chickens. Those are eggs. （P35） 这是一只鸡。 那是一个蛋。 这些是小鸡。 那些是蛋。试题：-Look! Whats _ in the sky? -It looks like a kite. (2009山西)A. this B. that C. these D. those答案：B考点8：形容词比较级例句： Some dinosaurs were bigger than elephants. (L33) 一些恐龙比恐龙大。试题：-_ plastic bags we use, _ it will be to the environment. -I agree _ you. (2008深圳) A. The less; the better; with B. The fewer; the better; with C. The less; the worse; to D. The fewer; the worse; to答案： B考点9：as well例句：A giant panda mainly eats bamboo shoots, but it eats other plants as well. (L9,P41) 大熊猫主要吃竹子，但也吃其他的植物。试题： 翻译： 她机会唱歌，也会跳舞； She can sing, and she can dance as well.区分：She can sing, and she can dance, too。 She can sing, and she can also dance.考点10： be made up of例句： English words are made up of different parts. (L1,P38) 英语单词由不同的部分组成。试题： The class is made up of 44 students.（解释句子） The class consists of 44 students.区分：be made by; be made from/of; be made in1. This kind of car is made by workers. 这款车是由工人做出来的，2. The cloth is made of silk. 这布是丝绸做的。3. Paper is made from wood. 纸是树木制成的。4. The watch is made in China. 这手表是在中国制造的。【课堂练习】一 单项选择.1.Are those _?No, they arent. Theyre _.A. sheep ; cowsB. sheep ; cow C. sheeps ; cowD. sheeps ; cows2. Mum, Im quite thirsty. Please give me _.A. two bottle of milk B. two bottles of milksC. two bottles milk D. two bottles of milk3. There are _ trees on both sides of the street in Shenzhen.A. much B. more C. many D. most4 .Jack and Tom are _.A. good friends B. good friend C. a good friendD. good a friend5. Tom is ill in hospital and his mother is looking _ him.A. at B. after C. over D. up6. _ of trees are cut down every year.A. Million B. Millions C. Millionaire D. A million 7. I dont like _ pictures.A. this B. that C. those D. a8.Who is _?_ is Jerry speaking.A. this, This B. that, This C. that, that D. it, it9. What are _? _are tigers.A. this, This B. these, They C. that, They D. that, that10. Is_ your book?Yes, it is.A. this B. these C. those D./11. Every morning I have two _ and a bottle of milk.A. slice of breads B. slices of breads C. slice of bread D. slices of bread12. I _ this camera last month.A. buy B. buys C. buying D. bought13._ isnt my book. Mine is on the table over there.A. This B. That C. These D. Those14. John is much shorter than his sister, but he jumps _ she does.A. as good as B. as best as C. as high as D. as higher as15. The weather in Shenzhen is hotter than_ in Beijing.A. those B. that C. dishes D. /二补全对话。A：Excuse me, could you please tell me _1_ to get to the City Paris?B：Sorry, I dont know. Im new here. Please _2_ that man.A. Thank you all the same._3_ me, sir. Could you please show me the way to the City Paris?B. Go _4_ the road._5_ the first turning on