大学英语全新版第四册听说教程.doc

Unit 1Title： FriendshipTime: 50 minutesObjective: 1. Help the students improve their pronunciation and intonation2. Grasp some key words and expressions related to friendship 3. Grasp some key words and expressions related to description of persons 4. Make students begin to think over the nature of friendship and the both sides of friendship, bad and good.Class activities: Step one: Retelling the “The Hospital Window” (5 minutes)Step two: group discussionthe students will be divided into different groups, 4-5 students in each group. The topics for discussion will be chosen from the followings (15 minutes)1. do you have many friends? How important are they to you?2. do you differentiate between your friends? How?3. what is true friendship? What kind of friends do you think are true friends?4. what kind of people do you want to make friends with? Why?5. how do you make friends?6. how can we keep friendship alive?7. how valuable is friendship in a persons life?8. “in prosperity our friends know us, in adversity we know our friends”. Please comment.Step three: The representative of each group gives a speech about the topic discussed. Some words you may think useful in your oral english: Some words describing the character of personsable 有才干的，能干的；adaptable 适应性强的 active 主动的，活跃的；aggressive 有进取心的 ambitious 有雄心壮志的；amiable 和蔼可亲的 amicable 友好的；analytical 善于分析的 apprehensive 有理解力的；aspiring 有志气的，有抱负的 audacious 大胆的，有冒险精神的；capable 有能力的，有才能的 careful 办理仔细的；candid 正直的 competent 能胜任的；constructive 建设性的 cooperative 有合作精神的；creative 富创造力的 dedicated 有奉献精神的；dependable 可靠的 diplomatic 老练的，有策略的；disciplined 守纪律的 dutiful尽职的；well-educated 受过良好教育的 efficient 有效率的；energetic 精力充沛的 expressivity 善于表达；faithful 守信的，忠诚的 frank 直率的，真诚的；generous 宽宏大量的 genteel 有教养的；gentle 有礼貌的 humorous 幽默的；impartial 公正的 independent 有主见的；industrious 勤奋的 ingenious 有独创性的；motivated 目的明确的 intelligent 理解力强的；learned 博学的 logical 条理分明的；methodical 有条不紊的 modest 谦虚的；objective 客观的 precise 一丝不苟的；punctual 严守时刻的 realistic 实事求是的；responsible 负责的 sensible 明白事理的；sporting 光明正大的 steady 踏实的；systematic 有系统的 purposeful 意志坚强的；sweet-tempered 性情温和的 temperate 稳健的；tireless 孜孜不倦的 友谊： companionship fellowship friendshipStep Four：Let the students choose some of the following sayings as the topic for the discussionSome sayings you may use in your oral English:Trust not the praise of a friend，nor the contempt of an enemy.不要信赖朋友的赞扬，也不要把仇敌的轻蔑放在心上。We can live without a brother，but not without a friend.我们生活中可以没有兄弟，但不能没有朋友。We can live without our friends，but not without our neighbours.生活可无友，邻居不能无When a friend asks，there is no tomorrow.朋友的要求不要拖。Without a friend the world is a wilderness.没有朋友，世界就等於一片荒野。A bosom friend afar brings distant land near.海内存知己，天涯若比邻。Admonish your friends in private，praise them in public.在私底下要忠告你的朋友，在公开场合又表扬你的朋友。A faithful friend is hard to find.益友难得A good book is a best friend who never turns his back upon us.一本好书，莫逆之交。A near friend is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.远亲不如近邻。An empty purse frightens many friends.囊中无分文，亲友不上门。A ready way to lose friend is to lend him money.失友皆从借钱起。A thousand friends are few，one enemy is too many.朋友千人尚觉少，仇敌一人犹嫌多。A true friend is known in the day of adversity.疾风知劲草，患难见真情。A true friend is one soul in two bodies.真正的朋友好似两个身子长著一颗心。Better an open enemy than a false friend.明枪易躲，暗箭难防。Between friends all is common.朋友之间不分彼此。Books，like friends，should be few and well chosen.书籍如朋友，应该少而精。Everything is good when new，but friend when old.东西新的好，朋友老的好。Familiar paths and old friends are the best.熟路好遵循，老友最可珍。Friends are like fiddle-strings，they must not be screwed too tight.朋友像琴弦，不能太拧紧。Friendship cannot stand always on one side.来而不往非礼也。Friendship is love with understanding.友谊是爱加上谅解。A friend to all is a friend to none.与所有人为友等于没有朋友。Be slow in choosing a friend; slower in changing. 选择朋友要审慎，摒弃更要审又慎。A joke never gains an enemy but often loses a friend玩笑不致招敌，反而常会失去朋友。Better lose a jest（俏皮话） than a friend. 宁可不说一句俏皮话，以免得罪朋友们He that has a full purse never wants a friend. 只要袋里有，不愁没朋友。The friend has a friend and the friends friend has a friend so be discreet. 你的朋友有朋友，朋友的朋友又有朋友，所以要谨慎小心。 To preserve a friend three things are required: to honour him present, praise him absent, and assist him in his necessities. 维持友谊需要三点当面尊重他，背后赞扬他，需要时帮助他。In time of prosperity，friends will be plenty；In time of adversity，not one amongst twenty.富在深山有远亲，穷在闹市无人问。Hunger knows no friend. 饥难周友Step five: If time is enough, a debate could be carried out between different groups, in which the topic could be selected according to the former students performance in which they have much disagreement with each other or heated discussion. Unit twoTitle : Dealing with Cultural DifferencesTime：50 minutesObjective: 1. Help students improve their pronunciation and intonation2. Grasp some key words and expressions related to culture3. Get to understand our own chinese traditional culture, otherwise, students would not understand the cultural differences well.4. Get to understand American culture5. Get to know the cultural difference between china and americaClass activities: Step one: Retelling “Embarrassing Experiences (Part One)”Step two: group discussionthe students will be divided into different groups, 4-5 students in each group. The topics for discussion will be chosen from the followings:1. How do peoples cultural backgrounds influence their way of thinking?2. What problems may be caused by our failure to recognize cultural difference?3. How can we deal with cultural difference? Step three: The representative of each group give a speech about the topic discussed above. Step four: each group discuss the cultural difference between china and america, and make comparison between the two countries, the good and bad sides of each culture Step five: make a summary about the characteristics of chinese culture and american culture. In each aspect, which is better or worse somehow and somewhat.Some information you may think useful in your understanding the difference between china and america. countryaspect ChinaAmericaSocial Structureformal and hierarchicalknow where you fit in the structure and you abide by the rules there. There is no crossing into other areasmuch more loose and informalcommon to see those of various social levels socializing and knowing each other. There are very few lines that socially are not allowed to be crossed.ConfrontationconflictDirect conflict or confrontation over issues is highly frowned upon. Doesnt matter that the “truth” needs to be spoken, respect and honor to each person supersedes that. To prove a point and show yourself in the right even over business issues is considered shameful and should be avoided.Truth needs to be spoken, direct conflict or declaration has nothing to with respect or honor, but with truth, which is the topmost value.selflooks more at the group collective than at individualism.A person from China is more prone to look at how their acts affect the whole instead of how it affects them personally. They are more willing to give up and sacrifice for the greater good.known for its push of individualism which has been a source of conflict with other cultures that look collectively.Americas individualism has been its backbone and the reason for its success as a world power. Competetion is important.Face/ReputationReputation of the individual is very important in China.When shame occurs, the person sacrifices their job or whatever it is that will heal the shame.In America, reputations come and go overnight and in the end usually does not matter. The end result is more of the focus. A person is more likely to overlook a reputation to get the job done.Business RelationsSocializing first, business secondIf it delays a contract, that is perfectly acceptable as long as the correct social time is allotted forbusiness associates are usually more aloofsome social gathering but the business is more important and the socializing will be sacrificed to get the job done if neededMoralsplaces high values on the morals of their peopledating is discouraged early in a young adults life and proprieties are expected to be held up.American culture is much more relaxed and some could even argue that there needs to be more moral emphasize.Recognition of the DeadOnce a year, all members of a family visit the gravesites of each ancestor and pay their respects. Honoring ancestors is very importantmost Americans who rarely know where the majority of their ancestors are laid to restHumilitya revered virtueThe success of ones business or personal life is downplayedsuccesses are laudedconsider humility a sign of weakness.Time SensitivityChinese do not view time as an absolute but more as a suggestion.very time sensitive when it comes to meetings and deadlines.RespectBeing sensitive to another persons needs is very important in Chinese culture. It is expected that you will respect the other person and treat them well. Their needs are met at each encounter.has fallen on the wayside in most American circles.Unit 3Title: One WorldTime: 50 minutesObjective: 1. improve the pronunciation and intonation 2. Get to know something common in the world 3. Get to grasp some words related to birthday (parties)Class activities: Step one: retell “Birthday celebrations around the world” Step two: group discussion about the following topics:1. Do you think people in the world are largely similar? Why or why not?2. What are the traditions of birthday celebrations in some english-speaking countries such as Britain and the U.S? How do they differ from the chinese ones?3. Do you consider your birthday one of the most important days in your life? Why or why not? Some words or expressions you might think useful in your expression: Diversity: 多样性 information technology: 信息技术 In honor of: 庆祝 birthday person: 寿星，过生日的人Longevity: 长寿 fritter away: （贬义）浪费（金钱，时光）Hanker after: 渴望 extravagance: 铺张，奢侈Luxury: 奢侈 luxurious: 奢侈的 birthday cake, birthday card, birthday celebration, birthday song, birthday greeting, birthday wish, candle, present, gift,birthday party, birthday ball（生日舞会）周岁：one full year of life 虚岁：nominal age(according to a chinese tradition, a person is considered one year old at birth, so that he will always be one year old than his actual age)How British people, particularly young people, celebrate their birthday?1. I like to celebrate my birthday by having a good old party have lots of friends and family round, and just have a good time, celebrate, chat, have a few drinks and see what happens in the night. 2. To celebrate my birthday I normally would go to the pub with some friends and have a few drinks maybe a meal with my family. Maybe having a party and trying to sneak(偷偷的（喝）) a few bottles of alcohol（烈性酒）! 3. To celebrate my birthday I generally go out, have a meal with someone that I like either my family or my boyfriend or some mates and have a drink in the evening, see some friends, hang out, chill out（外出小聚，放松）, have a laugh.A summary: Traditionally in western cultures, birthdays are celebrated within the family. a highly decorated cake with a certain number of candles to indicate the age of the person is the main thing in such celebrations, along with singing and a wish at the end of the singing, blowing out all the candles as a gesture of good luck. birthdays of significant digit change such as 1,10,40,50,100 are usually the ones which are more grandly celeberated, along with 18th (legal age) and 21st (legal drinking age in USA). for the most part, celebrations are quite similar in both eastern and western cultures, with the numbers celebrat