必修二 unit4 导学案.doc

Unit 4 Wildlife protection导学案. Warming up 1. decrease vt. 减少；vi.变少 n. 减少，减弱，减轻(1) We have decreased our demand for paper. 我们减少了用纸的需求量。(2) There has been a steady decrease in the number of visitors. 游客的数量持续下降。(3) The number of whales has decreased sharply this year. 今年鲸鱼的数量急剧下降。【知识拓展】on the decrease 在减少中 decrease to 减少到 decrease by 减少了 decrease in 在方面减少【即学即练】(1) The membership _ _ 150. 会员数减少到了150人。(2) The membership _ _ 150. 会员数减少了150人。(3) In the last 10 years, cars have _ _ size. 过去的十年里，汽车变小了。【单词积累】decreasing adj. 减少中的，在递减的 increase v. & n. 增加2. die out灭亡；逐渐消失(1) Many traditional customs have died out because they are out of date. (逐渐消失)(2) Elephants would die out soon if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wish.（灭绝，绝种）(3) The fire died out in the end. （熄灭）【知识拓展】(1) die away: (光、声音)慢慢消失；（风）停下来e.g. He hid behind the door until the footsteps had died away. The wind died away, and the leaves became silent. (2)die off: 死去；先后死去The members of the family had all died off for no reason.(3)die from一般指除了疾病，情感，饥寒以外的原因而造成的死亡，指死于外因。die of 常指由于疾病， 情感，饥寒等原因而造成的死亡，指死于内因。He died from drinking / smoking / overwork. His father died of cold and hunger before liberation.(4) be dying for 很想要,渴望 be dying to do 很想做某事【即学即练】(1) Some people die _ the lack of water in the dry areas.(2) Nowadays every woman is dying _ fair skin.(3) This kind of plants are _. Some day they will _ forever.A dying off; die out B dying away; die off C dying down; die out D dying out; die away3. loss损失；遗失；丧失(1) Have you reported the loss of the technical papers about the new product to the police? (丢失，遗失)(2) His unfortunate death was a great loss to the company. (损失)(3) That company suffered heavy loss in business last year. (亏损)【知识拓展】(1) be at a loss 困惑，不知所措， I was at a complete loss as to find the money in time. She was at a loss for an answer.(2) thats your/their loss 口语 那是你们的/他们的损失Well, if he doesnt want to come, its his loss. 好吧，如果他不愿意来，那是他的损失。(4) make up the loss of sth 弥补的损失【单词积累】lose v遗失，丢失 loser n. 输家，失败者 lost adj. 遗失的，失去的4. reserve n. 保护区，贮存；v. 保留，预约(1) nature reserve (自然保护区)(2) We have large reserve of oil. (储备) (3) Youd better reserve some money for future need. (保留) (4) Id like to reserve a table for two. (预定)【单词积累】reservation n. 保留地， 保留条件 reserved adj. 预定的5. hunt vt. & vi.打猎；猎取；搜寻(1)He likes hunting very much. (打猎)(2) Weve been hunting for the lost boy all over. (搜索)(3) It was an exciting hunt, but the fox escaped. (打猎)(4) He is on the hunt for a better job. (搜寻)【知识拓展】a hunting dog 猎狗 a hunting ground 狩猎场 hunt for/after 追逐，寻找 go hunting 去打猎6. in peace 平静的；安静的 at peace 休战，和睦相处(1) I live in peace in the country.(2) The two nations are now at peace.(3) Live in peace with ones neighbors(4) be at peace with other countries【即学即练】The two countries are _now, but they used to be at war .A. in peace B. at peace. Reading1. in danger(of) 在危险中，垂危e.g. The patient is in danger.【知识拓展】be in danger of 有 危险 be out of danger 脱离危险【即学即练】I hear Tim once was _ of losing his life, but now he is _. A. in danger, out of danger B. in the danger, out of danger C. in danger , out of dangerous D. in danger, out of the danger2. long v. 热望，渴望(1) long for + n. 渴望得到某物e.g. Were all longing for peace.Children are always longing for holidays.(2) long to do sth 渴望做某事e.g. Were longing to go home. Im longing to see you again.(4) long for sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事e.g. She is longing for her daughter to phone. 她一直盼望着她女儿来电话。【即学即练】Her description of the beautiful car made me _ it.A look for B long for C search for D call for3. respond vi.& n. 回答，响应，做出反应（与介词to连用） e.g. He didnt respond to my question. His illness didnt respond to treatment by drugs.他的疾病对药物治疗没反应。(1) in response to 作为对的反应(2) respond to sb./sth. (with/ by sth.) 用回应某人(事)e.g. He smiled in response to my suggestion.=He responded to my suggestion with a smile.【即学即练】(1) They still havent _ my letter. 他们至今仍没有回我的信。(2) He _ my suggestion _ a laugh/_ laughing. 他对我的建议报以一笑。(3) She asked where hed been, but he didnt _ her question.A answer to B respond to C reply D answer for 【单词积累】response n. 回答，答复，反应4. in relief 如释重负Mary smiled in relief. 玛丽如释重负地笑了。【知识拓展】relief (焦虑、恐惧、痛苦等的)减轻；缓解；宽慰；减轻痛苦的事物；救济品(1) relief from sth. 减轻The drug gives some relief from pain.这种药可以减轻一些痛苦。It was a great relief to find they were safe. The government sent relief to people who lost their homes in the earthquake.(救济品)(2) (much) to ones relief = to ones (great) relief使某人（很） 宽慰/放心的是e.g. To my relief, they arrived safely.5. burst into laughter = burst out laughing突然笑起来burst into tears = burst out crying6. mercy n. 仁慈；慈悲；宽恕；怜悯(1)show mercy to sb/have mercy on sb 对某人怜悯、仁慈They showed mercy to their enemies. 他们对敌人很仁慈。(2)at the mercy of 任处置；无能为力The ship was at the mercy of the storm.那只船在暴风雨中失去控制。(3)without mercy 毫不留情地，残忍地7. certain adj. 确定的；无疑的；某(种)I m not certain how to translate the sentence. 我对如何翻译这个句子没有把握。(1)“a certain+ 单数名词”意为“某一种，某一个”，相当于“some+单数名词”。e.g. for a certain reasonfor some reason 由于某种原因(2)“a certain+ 不可数名词”意为“相当程度的，一定的”e.g. a certain amount of time 相当一段时间(3)“certain+ 复数名词”意为“某些”e.g. certain professorssome professors 某些教授(4) 作“确信的，有把握的”讲时，同义于 sure.但是 certain 的主语既可以是人，也可用于It is certain that.句型，而 sure 主语只能是人。be certain/sure从句 (人)有把握/确信(表示主语的信念)be certain/sure of/about sth. (人)确信(表示主语的信念)be certain/sure to do sth.必定/肯定会做某事(主语常为二、三人称，表示说话人的信念)make certain/sure从句 弄清楚/确保make certain/sure of/about sth. 把某件事情弄清楚for certain/sure 确定地，确切地(做状语)(5) It + be certain + that从句/ to do some sth ，此时sure与certain不能互换。It is certain to take him a lot of time. 肯定会占用他许多时间的。It is certain that they will agree. 他们肯定会同意的。(6) be sure to do sth 用于祈使句时一般不用certain.Be sure not to forget it. 千万别忘了。8. suggest 提议； 建议(1) suggest sth I suggest a picnic on this weekend. 我建议周末去野餐。(2) suggest doing sth.I suggest going on a picnic on this weekend.(3) suggest sbs doing sth.I suggest your going on a picnic on this weekend.我建议你们周末去野餐。 (4) suggest that sb. ( should ) do sth.I suggest that we (should) deal with this difficult problem in a different way.我建议我们用另一种方式来处理这个难题。(5) 当suggest解为“暗示,表明”时,从句要用一般陈述语气,不用虚拟语气。 His expression suggested that he was very angry. Her pale face suggests that she is ill.【即学即练】Recently quite a lot of experts _ that another law on wildlife protection _as soon as possible. A. suggested; must be passed B. have suggested; be passed C. were suggesting; was passed D. suggested; being passed9. protect from 保护.免受.危害He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight 他戴着太阳镜以遮挡强烈的阳光【知识拓展】阻止某人干某事的词组keep sb from doing sth stop sb (from) doing sthprevent sb (from) doing sth 【即学即练】Strong social supports from families, friends or coworkers help people _ themselves _ illness.A stop; from B prevent; from C keep; against D protect; against10. contain vt. 包含；容纳(hold)；抑制(control)(1)His paper contained no mistakes at all.他的试卷没有一点错误。(2)This bottle contains two glasses of beer.这个瓶子可容纳两杯啤酒。(3)He couldnt contain himself for joy.他不胜欢喜。【辨析】contain & includecontain 着重其中容纳或者装载的量，或表示包含在内的成分或成分的一部分。Include 着重被包含者只是整体的一部分，常被译为“其中包括”(1) The parcel contained a dictionary. 那包裹里装的是一本字典。(2) Sea water contains salt. 海水中含有盐。(3) Everyone took part in the fight against the flood, including old people. 每个人都参加了抗洪，包括老人。【即学即练】(1) The net book_ ten units, _ one main revisions.A. contains; including B. includes; containing C. contains; containing D. includes; including(2) At last twenty people were injured in the car accident, three children_.A. containing B. contained C. including D. included【单词积累】 container n容器11. affect vt.影响；感动；侵袭e.g. The change in climate may affect your health.be greatly/deeply affected很/深受感动be affected by heat/cold中暑/着凉be affected with high fever发高烧【辨析】affect & effect & influence(1) affect vt. 着重指“影响”的动作，指产生的影响之大足以引起反应，有时有“对产生不利影响”的意思。(2) effect n. 影响，效果 v. 引起，产生(3) influence n. & v. 指对性格、观点、行为等产生潜移默化的影响。注：affect sb/ sth = have an effect on sb/ sth = influence sb/ sth【即学即练】(1) We are interested in the weather because it _ us directly what we wear, what we do, and how we feel.A. benefits B. guides C. affects D. effects(2) The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism _ the wildlife in the area.A. in B. on C. at D. with12. appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激；喜欢 (通常不用于进行时态中)appreciate sth. 欣赏某物 appreciate doing sth.感激做某事appreciate one/ones doing sth.感激某人做某事I would appreciate it if. 如果，我将不胜感激。【即学即练】(1) He highly _ _ _. 他非常感谢他的帮助。(2) We shall _ _ _ you again. 我们将很高兴再次收到您的来信。(3) I really _ _ _ to the party.你能来参