学习帧中继下的路由协议.doc

帧中继下的路由协议实验1 、实验目的理解帧中继交换机的工作原理；理解PVC 的概念；用路由器充当帧中继交换机的配置。2 、实验要求1. 配置一个帧中继的网络。要求：建立如图中的PVC链路。2. 测试FR的网络连通性，同时记录配置和以下相关的SHOW信息，方便完成实验报告。Frame-relay map, Frame-relay route, Frame-relay pvc3. 在每个DTE路由器端增加一个loopback 0口，地址自行规划。4. 在配置好的网络中配置RIPv2的路由协议，观察各路由器的路由表完整性，并记录相关路由器的路由表的情况。5. 去除RIPv2路由协议，并配置EIGRP路由协议，并观察路由表的完整性，找出路由表不完整的原因。并记录相关路由器的路由表的情况。6. 配置OSPF路由协议，并在默认网络类型的配置情况下，调整使域内所有路由器能够学习到完整的路由信息。并采用show ip ospf interface,show ip ospf nei,show ip route ospf,ip ospf priority等命令查看在帧中继环境下ospf的运行情况，并记录相关内容。7. 更改接口的OSPF网络类型，更改为广播型，点到点类型，点到多点类型，记录相应信息。采用接口命令ip ospf network 修改。3 、拓扑实验图4 、实验步骤（1）配置一个帧中继的网络。要求：建立如图中的PVC链路。R2的配置：R2(config)frame-relay switching /把该路由器当成帧中继交换机配置接口封装：R2(config)#int s0/0R2(config-if)#no shutdownR2(config-if)#clock rate 128000 /该接口为DCE，要配置时钟R2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relayR2(config)#int s0/1R2(config-if)#no shutdownR2(config-if)#clock rate 128000R2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relayR2(config)#int s0/2R2(config-if)#no shutdownR2(config-if)#clock rate 128000R2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay配置LMI 类型R2(config)int s0/0R2(config-if)frame-relay lmi-type cisco /”frame-relay lmi-typeansi | cisco |q933a”命令用来配置LMI 的类型，默认时是ciscoR2(config-if)frame-relay intf-type dce /配置成帧中继的DCER2(config)int s0/1R2(config-if)frame-relay lmi-type ciscoR2(config-if)frame-relay intf-type dceR2(config)int s0/2R2(config-if)frame-relay lmi-type ciscoR2(config-if)frame-relay intf-type dce配置帧中继交换表：R2(config)#int s0/0R2(config-if)#frame-relay route 103 interface s0/1 301R2(config-if)#frame-relay route 104 interface s0/2 401R2(config-if)#exitR2(config)#int s0/1R2(config-if)#frame-relay route 301 interface s0/0 103R2(config)#int s0/2R2(config-if)#frame-relay route 401 interface s0/0 104R2(config-if)#exit R2(config)#end（2） 测试FR的网络连通性，同时记录配置和以下相关的SHOW信息，方便完成实验报告。Frame-relay map, Frame-relay route, Frame-relay pvcR2#sh frame-relay routeInput Intf Input Dlci Output Intf Output Dlci StatusSerial0/0 103 Serial0/1 301 inactiveSerial0/0 104 Serial0/2 401 inactiveSerial0/1 301 Serial0/0 103 inactiveSerial0/2 401 Serial0/0 104 inactiveR2#sh frame pvcPVC Statistics for interface Serial0/0 (Frame Relay DCE) Active Inactive Deleted Static Local 0 0 0 0 Switched 0 2 0 0 Unused 0 0 0 0DLCI = 103, DLCI USAGE = SWITCHED, PVC STATUS = INACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0/0 input pkts 0 output pkts 0 in bytes 0 out bytes 0 dropped pkts 0 in pkts dropped 0 out pkts dropped 0 out bytes dropped 0 in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0 out bcast pkts 0 out bcast bytes 0 30 second input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 30 second output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec switched pkts 0 Detailed packet drop counters: no out intf 0 out intf down 0 no out PVC 0 in PVC down 0 out PVC down 0 pkt too big 0 shaping Q full 0 pkt above DE 0 policing drop 0 pvc create time 00:06:53, last time pvc status changed 00:06:53 R2#sh frame lmiLMI Statistics for interface Serial0/0 (Frame Relay DCE) LMI TYPE = CISCO Invalid Unnumbered info 0 Invalid Prot Disc 0 Invalid dummy Call Ref 0 Invalid Msg Type 0 Invalid Status Message 0 Invalid Lock Shift 0 Invalid Information ID 0 Invalid Report IE Len 0 Invalid Report Request 0 Invalid Keep IE Len 0 Num Status Enq. Rcvd 0 Num Status msgs Sent 0 Num Update Status Sent 0 Num St Enq. Timeouts 58（3）在每个DTE路由器端增加一个loopback 0口R1的配置：R1(config)#int s0/0R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.123.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay R1(config-if)#frame-relay lmi-type ciscoR1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#int loo 0R1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#no shutR1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#endR3的配置：R3(config)#int s0/1R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.123.3 255.255.255.0R3(config-if)#no shutR3(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay R3(config-if)#exitR3(config)#int loo 0R3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0R3(config-if)#no shutR3(config-if)#exitR4的配置：R4(config)#int s0/2R4(config-if)#ip add 192.168.123.4 255.255.255.0R4(config-if)#no shutR4(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay R4(config-if)#exit R4(config)#int loo 0R4(config-if)#ip add 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.0R4(config-if)#no shutR4(config-if)#exitR4(config)#end（2） 在配置好的网络中配置RIPv2的路由协议R1的配置：R1(config)#router ripR1(config-router)#version 2R1(config-router)#net 192.168.123.0R1(config-router)#net 1.0.0.0R1(config-router)#endR3的配置：R3(config)#router ripR3(config-router)#version 2R3(config-router)#net 192.168.123.0R3(config-router)#net 3.0.0.0R3(config-router)#endR4的配置：R4(config)#router ripR4(config-router)#version 2R4(config-router)#net 192.168.123.0R4(config-router)#net 4.0.0.0R4(config-router)#end检查路由表并测试：在各个路由器上检查路由表，并测试各路由环回口之间能否互相ping 通R3#show ip route（此处省略）C 192.168.123.0/24 is directly connected，Serial0/1R 1.0.0.0/8120/1via 192.168.123.1，00;00;26，Serial0/13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted，1 subnetsC 3.3.3.0 is directly connected ，Loopback0R 4.0.0.0/8120/2via 192.168.123.1，00;00;26，Serial0/1/看到正常的路由表，注意RIP 路由表中的下一跳R3#ping 4.4.4.4 source loopback 0Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5，100-byte ICMP Echos to 4.4.4.4，timeout is 2 seconds;Packet sent with a source address of 3.3.3.3！Success rate is 100 percent (5/5)，round-trip min/avg/max = 52/54/46 ms/以上表明从R3 的loopback 0 接口能ping 通R4 的loopback 0 接口R1#sh ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.123.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0 1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masksC 1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0R 1.0.0.0/8 120/2 via 192.168.123.4, 00:00:03, Serial0/0 120/2 via 192.168.123.3, 00:00:12, Serial0/0R 3.0.0.0/8 120/1 via 192.168.123.3, 00:00:12, Serial0/0R 4.0.0.0/8 120/1 via 192.168.123.4, 00:00:03, Serial0/0R1#ping 3.3.3.3Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 56/72/128 msR1#ping 4.4.4.4Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 4.4.4.4, timeout is 2 seconds:!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 60/84/140 ms（3） 去除RIPv2路由协议，并配置EIGRP路由协议，并观察路由表的完整性R1的配置：R1(config)#no router ripR1(config)#router eigrp 100R1(config-router)#net 192.168.123.0R1(config-router)#net 1.0.0.0R1(config-router)#endR3的配置：R3(config)#no router ripR3(config)#router eigrp 100R3(config-router)#net 192.168.123.0R3(config-router)#net 3.0.0.0R3(config-router)#endR4的配置：R4(config)#no router ripR4(config)#router eigrp 100R4(config-router)#net 192.168.123.0R4(config-router)#net 4.0.0.0R4(config-router)#endR1#sh ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.123.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0 1.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masksC 1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0D 1.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 00:02:09, Null0D 3.0.0.0/8 90/2297856 via 192.168.123.3, 00:01:22, Serial0/0D 4.0.0.0/8 90/2297856 via 192.168.123.4, 00:00:32, Serial0/0R1#ping 3.3.3.3Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 60/91/144 msR1#ping 4.4.4.4Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 4.4.4.4, timeout is 2 seconds:!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 60/90/140 msR3#sh ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.123.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/1D 1.0.0.0/8 90/2297856 via 192.168.123.1, 00:01:47, Serial0/1 3.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masksC 3.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0D 3.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 00:01:40, Null0R4#sh ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.123.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/2D 1.0.0.0/8 90/2297856 via 192.168.123.1, 00:01:06, Serial0/2 4.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masksC 4.4.4.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0D 4.0.0.0/8 is a summary, 00:01:02, Null0（6）配置OSPF路由协议，并在默认网络类型的配置情况下，调整使域内所有路由器能够学习到完整的路由信息。并采用show ip ospf interface,show ip ospf nei,show ip route ospf,ip ospf priority等命令查看在帧中继环境下ospf的运行情况，并记录相关内容。R1的配置：R1(config)#router ospf 1R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1R1(config-router)#net 192.168.123.1 0.0.0.255 area 0R1(config-router)#net 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0R1(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.123.3 /手工指OSPF 邻居R1(config-router)#neighbor 192.168.123.4R1(config-router)#endR1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.1 103/使得可以ping 通自己R1(config-if)#no shutdownR1(config)#int s0/0 R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.3 103 broadcast R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.4 104 broadcast R1(config)#int s0/0R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.1 301 broadcast R1(config-if)#exit R1(config)#int s0/0R1(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.1 401 broadcast R1(config-if)#endR3的配置：R3(config)#no router eigrp 100R3(config)#router ospf 3R3(config-routerz)#router-id 3.3.3.3R3(config-router)#net 192.168.123.3 0.0.0.255 area 0R3(config-router)#net 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0R3(config-router)#endR3(config-if)#ip ospf priority 0 / 配置 Spoke 端 OSPF 接口优先级为0R3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.3 301 broadcastR3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.4 broadcastR3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.3 301R3(config-if)#no farame-relay inverse-arpR3(config-if)#no shutdownR4的配置：R4(config)#int s0/2R4(config-if)#ip ospf priority 0R4(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.1 401 broadcastR4(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.4 401 broadcastR4(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.168.123.3 401R4(config-if)#no farame-relay inverse-arpR4(config-if)#no shutdownR4(config)#router ospf 1R4(config-routerz)#router-id 4.4.4.4R4(config-routerz)#network 192.168.123.4 0.0.0.255 area 0R4(config-routerz)#network 4.4.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 0实验调试(1) show ip ospf interfaceR1#show ip ospf interface s0/0Serial0/0/0 is up，line protocol is upInternet Address 192.168.123.1/24，Area0Process ID 1，Router ID 1.1.1.1 Network type NON_BROADCAST，Cost;64 /接口网络类型为 NBMA 模式Transmit Delay is 1 sec，State DR，Priority 1 /自己是DR，接口优先级为1Designated Router(ID)1.1.1.1 Inerface address 192.168.123.1 /DR 的ID 和接口地址No backup designated router on this network /没有 BDRTimer intervals configured，Hello 30，Dead 120，Wait 120，Retransmit5 /NBMA 模式下，Hello 周期为30 soob-resync timeout 120Hello due in 00;00;22Index 2/2，flood queue length 0Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)Last flood scan length is 1，maximum is 1Last flood scan time is 0 msec，maximum is 4 msecNeighbor Count is 2，Adjacent neighbor count is 2Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3.3Adjacent with neighbor 4.4.4.4 /与路由器R3 和R4 形成邻接关系Suppress helo for 0 neighbor(s)(2) show ip routR3#show ip route ospf1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted，1 subnetsO 1.1.1.0110/65via 192.168.123.1 00;01;47，Serial0/0/04.0.0.0/24 is subnetted，1 subnetsO 4.4.4.0110/65via 192.168.123.4，00;01;47，Serial0/0/0(3)show ip ospf neighbor detailR1#show ip ospf neighbor detailNeighbor 3.3.3.3，interface Serial0/0/0In the area 0 via interface Serial0/0/0Neighbor priority is 0，State is FULL，9 state changesDR is 192.168.123.1 BDR is 0.0.0.0Poll interval 120Options is 0x52LLS Options is 0x1(LR)Dead timer due in 00;01;53Neighbor is up for 00;06;54Inedx 1/1，retransmission queue length 0，number of retransmission 1First 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)Last retransmission scan length is 1，maximum is 1Last retransmission scan time is 0 masec，maximum is 0 msecNeighbor 4.4.4.4，interface address 192.168.123.4In the area 0 via interface Serial0/0/0Neighbor priority is 0，State is FULL，9 state changesDR is 192.168.123.1 BDr is 0.0.0.0poll interval 120Options is 0x52LLS Options is 0x1(LR)Dead timer due in 00;06;54Index 2/2，retransmission queue length 0，number of retransmission 1First 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)Last retransmission scan length is 1，maximum is 1Last retransmission scan time is 0 msec，maximum is 0 msec帧中继环境下的ospf点到点模式:R1的配置：R1(config)#int Loo 0R1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-pointR1(config)#interface Serial0/0R1(config-if)#no ip addressR1(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relayR1(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arpR1(config-if)#no shutdownR1(config)interface Serial0/0.1 point-to-pointR1(config-subif)#ip address 13.1.1.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 103R1(config)#interface Serial0/0.2 point-to-pointR1(config-subif)#ip address 14.1.1.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 104R1(config)#router ospf 1R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1R1(config-router)#network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0R1(config-router)#network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0R1(config-router)#network 14.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0R3的配置：R3(config)#interface Serial0/1R3(config-if)#no ip addressR3(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relayR3(config-if)#no franme-relay inverse-arpR3(config-if)#no shutdownR3(config)#interface Serial0/1.1 point-to-pointR3(config-subif)#ip address 13.1.1.3 255.255.255.0R3(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 301R3(config)#router ospf 1R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3R3(config-router)#network 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0R3(config-router)#network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0R4的配置：R4(config)#interface Serial0/2R4(config-if)#no ip addressR4(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relayR4(config-if)#no franme-relay inverse-arpR4(config-if)#no shutdownR4(config)#interface Serial0/2.1 point-to-pointR4(config-subif)#ip address 14.1.1.4 255.255.255.0R4(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 401R4(config)#router ospf 1R4(config-router)#router-id 4.4.4.4R4(config-router)#network 4.4.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 0R4(config-router)#network 14.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0(1)show ip ospf interfaceR1#show ip ospf interface s0/0.1Serial0/0.1 is up，line protocol is upInternet Address 13.1.1.1/24，Area 0Process ID 1，Router ID 1.1.1.1，Network Type POINT_TO_POINT，Cost;64Transmit Delay is 1 sec，State POINT_TO_POINTTimer intervals configured，Hello 10，Dead 40，Wait 40，Retransmit 5 /POINT_TO_POINT 模式下，Hello 周期为 10 soob-resync timeout 40Hello due in 00;00;09Index 2/2，flood queue length 0Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)Last flood scan length is 1，maximum is 1Last flood time is 0 masec，maximum is 4 msecNeighbor Count is 1，Adjacent neighbor count is 1Adjacent with neighbor 3.3.3.3Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)(2)show ip ospf neighbor detailR1#show ip ospf neighbor detailNeighbor 4.4.4.4，interface address 14.1.1.4In the area 0 via interface Serial0/0.2Neighbor priority is 0，State is FULL，6 state changesDR is 0.0.0.0 BDR is 0.0.0.0Options is 0x52LLS Options is 0x1(LR)Dead timer due in 00;00;34Neighbor isup for 00;07;21Index 2/2，retransmission queue length 0，number of retransmission 1Fist 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)Last retransmission scan length is 1，maximum is 1Last retransmission scan time is 0 ms