常用中西餐菜谱大全(中英对照).doc

1 常见的用料l 鸡 chicken 鸭 duck 鹅 goose l 鱼类 fish 肉类 meat 猪肉 pork l 牛肉 beef 小牛肉 veal 羊肉 mutton l 小羊肉 lamb 牛尾 oxtail 里脊 fillet l 排骨 spareribs 腰子 kidney 肚子 tripel 肝 liver 舌 tongue 内脏 offal l 蹄子 trotter 胗 gizzard 鸡什 giblets l 鹿肉 venison 鸡脯 chicken breast l 甲鱼 turtle 海味 seafood l 虾 shrimp干贝 scallop l 螃蟹 crab 鱿鱼 squidl 海蛰 jellyfish 黄鳝 finless eel l 海螺 whelk 野味 game l 兔 rabbit 鸽 pigeonl 鹌鹑 quail 龙虾 lobster l 牡蛎 oyster 田螺 snail l 田鸡 frog 蛇 snake 腌肉 bacon l 香肠 sausage 火腿 haml 熊掌 bears pawl 鱼翅 sharks fin 燕窝 birds nest2 煮前的准备工作 l 去骨 boning l 例如， 去骨鸭掌 l 打鳞 scaling l 例如，去鳞鱼 scaled fish 剥/去皮 skinning l 例如，去皮田鸡 skinned frogs 脱壳 shelling l 例如，虾仁 shelled shrimps 腌制 pickling l 例如，咸酸菜 pickled vegetables3. 常用刀法及用料形状l （1） 常用刀法l 切片 slice 切丝 shred l 切丁 dice 切柳 fillet 切碎 mincel 捣烂 mash 酿入 stuffl (2) 常用用料形状l 肉/ 鱼片sliced meat / fish 或 meat / fish slices l 肉丝 shredded meat 或 pork shredsl 肉/鸡丁 diced pork / chicken 或meat / chicken cubes l 肉末 minced meatl 肉丸 meat balls l 肉馅 meat fillingl 4. 中餐菜单翻译法l （1） 直译法。英译时把对应的制作方法译出来，再以该菜的主要原料为中心词。l 如：炖牛肉 Stewed Beefl （2） 直译加注法。英译时直接按中文菜名译出其意，然后再补充说明其内在含义。l 如：l 狮子头 Lions Head Pork Meat Ballsl 全家福 Happy FamilyA combination of shrimps, pork, beef, chicken, lobster and mixed vegetables with brown saucel (3) 意译法。此法可分为三种情况：l 1） 原料+with+作料。 以原料为中心词，有时捎带把烹调法也译出，再加上用介词with 或in 与作料构成的短语即可。如：l 海米白菜 Chinese Cabbage with Dried Shrimpsl 鱼香肉丝 Shredded Pork with Garlic Saucel 2) 作料+原料 。 即把作料用作修饰语，放在中心词原料的前面。如：l 咖喱牛肉 Curry Beef 古老肉 Sweet & Sour Pork l 3) 以“实”对“虚”法。即舍去中菜名里的喻义，夸张等说法而用平直，明白的英语译出。如：l 发财好市 Black Moss Cooked with Oystersl 彩凤喜迎春 Baked Chicken and Fried Quail Eggsl 蚂蚁上树 Vermicelli with Spicy Minced Porkl 龙虎凤大烩 Thick Soup of Snake, Cat and Chickenl 4) “移花接木”法。借用西方人熟悉并了解的欧洲菜名或主食名来译部分中菜名与少数主食，因为它们之间有许多相似之处。译文地道，通俗易懂，能 收到事半功倍的效果。如：l 烤排骨 Barbecued Spare Ribs l 饺子 Chinese-style Ravioli略有馅的水饺l 5) 音译加释义法。先按中文用拼音译出，然后再加以解释性的英译，使英译文保留点“中国味”。l 如：包子 BaoziStuffed Bun l 馒头 MantouSteamed Breadl 6)“随机应变”法：原料+地名+Style。应用此法可以灵活地处理一些难以对付的地方风味特色菜名。英译出原料名后，再稍加“点拨”就可以大功告成。如：l 广东龙虾 Lobster Cantonese Style l 麻婆豆腐 Bean Curd Sichuan Style5. 中餐常见的烹调方法l 中菜的烹调方法至少有50多种，但大体不离：l 煮 （boiling）, 煲/炖 （stewing）,l 烧/焖/烩（braising）, 煎（frying）,l 炒（stir-frying）,爆（quick-frying）,l 炸（deep-frying）,l 扒（frying and simmering）, l 煸（sauting）,煨 （simmering）, l 熏（smoking）,烤（roasting/barbecuing）, l 烘（baking）, 蒸（steaming）, 白灼（scalding）等基本方法。l 煮 boiled. 如 “煮咸牛肉” （Boiled Corned Beef） l 煲/炖 stewed. 如“清炖牛尾” (Stewed Ox Tail in Clear Soup) l 烧braised. 如“红烧牛蹄” (Braised Ox Trotters in Brown Sauce) l 煎（pan-）fried. 如 “煎明虾” （Fried Prawns）l 炒stir-fried 如“炒鸡丁” （Stir-Fried Chicken Dices）l 爆 quick-fried. 如“葱爆羊肉” (Quick-fried lamb with Scallion in Ginger Sauce)l 炸 deep-fried. 如 “炸大虾” (Deep-fried prawns)l 扒fried and simmered. 如“虾子扒海参” （Fried and Simmered Sea Cucumber with Shrimps Roe） l 煸sauted . 如 “干煸鳝鱼” (Sauted Eel Slices) l 煨simmered. 如“煨牛肉” （Simmered Beef）l 焖 braised 如 “黄酒焖猪排” (Braised pork chops in rice wine) l 烩 braised 如 “烩鸡丝” （Braised chicken shreds with peas） l 熏 smoked 如 “熏鱼” (Smoked Fish) l 烘 baked 如 “烘鸽” （Baked Pigeon） l 蒸 steamed 如 “蒸鲜鱼” （Steamed Fresh Fish）l 酱/醋 marinated 如 “酱鸡” （Marinated Chicken） l 卤 spicy; stewed in gravy 如“卤鸭”（Spicy Duck）l 涮 instant-boiled如 “涮羊肉” （Instant-Boiled Mutton Slices） l 酿 stuffed 如“酿青椒” （Stuffed Green Pepper） l 烤 roast; barbecued 如“烤鹅” （Roast Goose） l 白灼/微煮 scalded 如“白灼海虾”（Scalded Prawns） l 红烧 braised in brown sauce 如 “红烧蹄筋” （Braised Pork Tendon in Brown Sauce）l 干烧 in pepper sauce 如“干烧干贝” （Scallop in Pepper Sauce） l 麻辣 with hot pepper 如 “麻辣豆腐”（Bean Curd with Hot Pepper / Spice Bean Curd） l 酱爆 in bean sauce 如“酱爆肉丁” （Diced Pork in Bean Sauce） l 鱼香 in (spicy) garlic sauce 如“鱼香肉丝” （Shredded Pork in Garlic Sauce） l 糖醋 with sweet and sour sauce 如“糖醋排骨” （Spareribs with Sweet and Sour Sauce） l 宫保 with chili and peanuts 如 “宫保鸡丁” （Diced Chicken with Chili and Peanuts）l 脆皮 crisp (in spicy sauce) 如 “脆皮鱼” （Crisp Fish） l 清蒸 steamed (in clear soup)如 “清蒸桂鱼”（Steamed Mandarin Fish） l 清炖 stewed in clear soup 如 “清炖甲鱼” （Stewed Turtle in Clear Soup） l 香酥 crisp fried 如“香酥鸡” （Crisp Fried Chicken） l 焦熘fried in sauce 如“焦熘鱼片” （Fried Fish Slices in Sauce） l 甜酸 sweet and sour 如“甜酸肉”（Sweet & Sour Pork） l 胡辣 with pepper and chili 如“胡辣海参” （Sea Slug with Pepper and Chili） l 油淋 drip-fried with oil 如 “油淋兔” （Drip-Fried Rabbit with oil） l 干煸 dry-sauted 如“干煸季豆” （Dry-sauted String Beans） l 盐水 boiled in salt water 如“盐水虾”（Boiled Shrimps in Salt Water） l 家常 home style 如“家常豆腐” （Bean Curd Home Style） l 陈皮 with spicy orange peel 如 “陈皮鸡” （Chicken in Spicy Orange Peel） l 回锅 double-sauted 如“回锅肉” （Double-sauted Pork Slices） l 五香 spiced 如“五香牛肉” (Spiced Beef)l 干炸 dry deep-fried 如“干炸羊肉”（Dry Deep-fried Lamb Breast）l 软炸 soft deep-fried 如 “软炸里脊” （Soft-fried Pork Fillet） l 酥炸 crisp deep-fried 如“酥炸羊脯” （Crisp Fried Lamb Breast） l 砂锅 in casserole 如“砂锅鱼翅” （Sharks Fin in Casserole） l 锅巴 with sizzling /crispy rice crust 如“锅巴海参” （Sea Slug with Sizzling / Crispy Rice Crust） l 芙蓉 with egg white 如“芙蓉海参” (Sea Cucumbers with Egg white) l 麻酱 with sesame paste 如“麻酱海参”（Beche-de-mer with Sesame Paste） l 三鲜 with two other delicacies 如“三鲜海参” （Sea Cucumbers with Other Two Delicacies） l 醋溜 in distilled grains sauce 如“醋溜鸡片” （Sliced Chicken in Distilled Grains Sauce） l 串烤 skewered 如“串烤羊肉青椒” （Skewered Mutton with Green Pepper）l 铁扒 grilled 如“铁扒乳鸽” （Grilled Baby Pigeon） l 烧烤 roast 如“烤乳猪”（Roast Suckling Pig）l 凉拌 in soy sauce 如“凉拌海蛰” （Jellyfish in Soy Sauce） l 酸辣 hot and sour 如“酸辣黄瓜” （Hot and Sour Cucumber） l 姜汁 in ginger sauce 如“姜汁扁豆” （Snap Beans in Ginger Sauce） l 蚝油 in oyster sauce 如“蚝油香菇” （ Mushrooms in Oyster Sauce） l 蒜泥 with mashed garlic 如“蒜泥胡豆” （Broad Beans with Mashed Garlic） l 什锦 mixed; assorted 如“什锦丝冬粉” (Assorted Shreds with Vermicelli) l 茄汁 in tomato sauce 如“茄汁鸡脯” （Chicken Breast in Tomato Sauce） l 咖喱 with curry 如“咖喱牛肉” （Fried Beef withy Curry） l 八宝 (stuffed) with eight delicacies 如 “八宝鸡” （Chicken Stuffed with Eight Delicacies） l 葱爆 quick-fried with scallion in ginger sauce 如 “葱爆羊肉” （Quick-fried Lamb with Scallion in Ginger Sauce） l 粉蒸 steamed in rice flour 如“粉蒸牛肉” （Steamed Beef in Rice Flour） l 奶油 in cream sauce 如 “奶油鱼肚” （Fried Fish Maw in Cream Sauce） l 木犀 with scrambled eggs and fungus 如“木犀肉” （Fried Pork with Scrambled Eggs and Fungus） l 醉 liquor-preserved 如 “醉蟹” （Liquor-preserved Crabs）l 辣味 in chili sauce 如“辣味烩虾” （Braised Prawns in Rice Wine） l 豆豉 in black bean sauce 如“豆豉桂鱼” （Mandarin Fish in Black Bean Sauce）l 黄焖 braised in rice wine 如“黄焖大虾” （Braised Prawns in Rice Wine）l 椒盐 with pepper and salt 如“椒盐排骨” （Spare Ribs with Pepper and Salt） l 怪味 multi-flavored 如“怪味鸡” （Multi-flavored Chicken） 中国小吃英文表达 l 中式早點 烧饼 Clay oven rolls 油条 Fried bread stick 韭菜盒 Fried leek dumplings 水饺 Boiled dumplings 蒸饺 Steamed dumplings 馒头 Steamed buns 割包 Steamed sandwich 饭团 Rice and vegetable roll 蛋饼 Egg cakes 皮蛋 100-year egg 咸鸭蛋 Salted duck egg 豆浆 Soybean milk l 饭 类 l 稀饭 Rice porridge 白饭 Plain white rice 油饭 Glutinous oil rice 糯米饭 Glutinous rice 卤肉饭 Braised pork rice 蛋炒饭 Fried rice with egg 地瓜粥 Sweet potato congee l 面 类 l 馄饨面 Wonton & noodles 刀削面 Sliced noodles 麻辣面 Spicy hot noodles 麻酱面 Sesame paste noodles 鴨肉面 Duck with noodles 鱔魚面 Eel noodles 乌龙面 Seafood noodles 榨菜肉丝面 Pork , pickled mustard green noodles 牡蛎细面 Oyster thin noodles 板条 Flat noodles 米粉 Rice noodles 炒米粉 Fried rice noodles 冬粉 Green bean noodle l 汤 类 l 鱼丸汤 Fish ball soup 貢丸汤 Meat ball soup 蛋花汤 Egg & vegetable soup 蛤蜊汤 Clams soup 牡蛎汤 Oyster soup 紫菜汤 Seaweed soup 酸辣汤 Sweet & sour soup 馄饨汤 Wonton soup 猪肠汤 Pork intestine soup 肉羹汤 Pork thick soup 鱿鱼汤 Squid soup 花枝羹 Squid thick soup l 甜 点 爱玉 Vegetarian gelatin 糖葫芦 Tomatoes on sticks 长寿桃 Longevity Peaches 芝麻球 Glutinous rice sesame balls 麻花 Hemp flowers 双胞胎 Horse hooves l 冰 类 绵绵冰 Mein mein ice 麦角冰 Oatmeal ice 地瓜冰 Sweet potato ice 紅豆牛奶冰 Red bean with milk ice 八宝冰 Eight treasures ice 豆花 Tofu pudding l 果 汁 甘蔗汁 Sugar cane juice 酸梅汁 Plum juice 杨桃汁 Star fruit juice 青草茶 Herb juice l 点 心 牡蛎煎 Oyster omelet 臭豆腐 Stinky tofu (Smelly tofu) 油豆腐 Oily bean curd 麻辣豆腐 Spicy hot bean curd 虾片 Prawn cracker 虾球 Shrimp balls 春卷 Spring rolls 蛋卷 Chicken rolls 碗糕 Salty rice pudding 筒仔米糕 Rice tube pudding 红豆糕 Red bean cake 绿豆糕 Bean paste cake 糯米糕 Glutinous rice cakes 萝卜糕 Fried white radish patty 芋头糕 Taro cake 肉圆 Taiwanese Meatballs 水晶饺 Pyramid dumplings 肉丸 Rice-meat dumplings 豆干 Dried tofu l 其 他 当归鸭 Angelica duck 槟榔 Betel nut 火锅 Hot pot ll西餐 (Western Food) 头盘及沙拉类 腌熏三文鱼 Smoked Salmon 腌三文鱼 Marinated Salmon with Lemon and Capers 凯撒沙拉 Caesar Salad 鲜蘑鸡肝批 Chicken Liver Terrine with Morels l 奶酪瓤蟹盖 Baked Stuffed Crab Shell 鲜果海鲜沙拉 Seafood Salad with Fresh Fruit l 厨师沙拉 Chefs Salad 金枪鱼沙拉 Tuna Fish Salad 尼斯沙拉 Salad Nicoise 汤类 奶油蘑菇汤 Cream of Mushroom Soup 奶油胡萝卜汤 Cream of Carrot Soup l 奶油芦笋汤 Cream of Asparagus Soup 番茄浓汤 Traditional Tomato Soup l 海鲜周打汤 Seafood Chowder 法式洋葱汤 French Onion Soup l 牛肉清汤 Beef Consomm 匈牙利浓汤 Hungarian Beef Goulash 香浓牛尾汤 Oxtail Soup 意大利蔬菜汤 Minestrone Soup 蔬菜干豆汤 Hearty Lentil Soup 牛油梨冻汤 Chilled Avocado Soup 西班牙番茄冻汤 Gazpacho 禽类 红酒鹅肝 Braised Goose Liver in Red Wine 奶酪火腿鸡排 Chicken Cordon Bleu 烧瓤春鸡卷 Grilled Stuffed Chicken Rolls 红酒烩鸡 Braised Chicken with Red Wine 烤鸡胸酿奶酪蘑菇馅 Baked Chicken Breast Stuffed with Mushrooms and Cheese 炸培根鸡肉卷 Deep-Fried Chicken and Bacon Rolls 水波鸡胸配意式香醋汁 Poached Chicken Breast with Balsamic Sauce l 烤火鸡配红浆果少司 Roast Turkey with Cranberry Sauce 烤瓤火鸡 Roast Stuffed Turkey 烧烤鸡腿 Barbecued Chicken Leg 烤柠檬鸡腿配炸薯条 Roasted Lemon Marinade Chicken Leg with French Fries 扒鸡胸 Char-Grilled Chicken Breast 咖喱鸡 Chicken Curry 秘制鸭胸配黑菌炒土豆 Pan-fried Duck Breast with Sauted Potatoes and Truffles 牛肉类 红烩牛肉 Stewed Beef 白烩小牛肉 Fricasseed Veal 牛里脊扒配黑椒少司 Grilled Beef Tenderloin with Black Pepper Sauce l 扒肉眼牛排 Grilled Beef Rib-Eye Steak 西冷牛排配红酒少司 Roast Beef Sirloin Steak with Red Wine Sauce T骨牛扒 T-Bone Steak 烤牛肉 Roast Beef 罗西尼牛柳配苯酒汁 Beef Tenderloin and Goose Liver with Truffle and Port Wine Sauce 青椒汁牛柳 Beef Tenderloin Steak with Green Peppercorn Sauce 铁板西冷牛扒 Sizzling Sirloin Steak 香煎奥斯卡仔牛排 Pan-fried Veal Steak Oscar with Hollandaise Sauce 咖喱牛肉 Beef Curry 威灵顿牛柳 Fillet Steak Wellington 俄式牛柳丝 Beef Stroganoff 烩牛舌 Braised Ox-Tongue 红烩牛膝 Osso Bucco 黑胡椒鹿柳配野蘑菇和芹菜烤面皮 Venison Fillet Black Pepper Coat with Wild Mushroom and Celery Brick lll 猪肉类 烧烤排骨 Barbecued Spare Ribs 烟熏蜜汁肋排 Smoked Spare Ribs with Honey 意大利米兰猪排 Pork Piccatta 瓤馅猪肉卷配黄桃汁 Stuffed Poke Roulade With Yellow Peach Sauce 煎面包肠香草汁 Pan-fried Swiss Meat Loaf with Pesto Sauce 炸猪排 Deep-Fried Pork Chop ll 羊肉类 扒羊排 Grilled Lamb Chop 扒新西兰羊排 Grilled New Zealand Lamb Chop 烤羊排配奶酪和红酒汁 Roast Lamb Chop with Cheese and Red Wine Sauce 羊肉串 Lamb Kebabs 烤羊腿 Roasted Mutton Leg ll 鱼和海鲜类 海鲜串 Seafood Kebabs 扒金枪鱼 Grilled Tuna Steak l 扒挪威三文鱼排 Grilled Norwegian Salmon Fillet l 三文鱼扒配青柠黄油 Grilled Salmon with Lime Butter 比目鱼柳和扇贝配红酒核桃汁 Braised Sole fillet & Sea Scallops with Red Wine and Walnuts 煎比目鱼 Pan-fried Whole Sole 烤三文鱼柳配香草汁和黑橄榄酱 Roasted Salmon Fillet With Pesto Black Olive Pure 烤三文鱼排意大利宽面和藏红花汁 Roasted Salmon Steak With Tagliatelle & Saffron Sauce 煎红加吉鱼排 Grilled Red Snapper Fillet l 黄油柠檬汁扒鱼柳 Grilled Fish Fillet in Lemon Butter Sauce 扒大虾 Grille king Prawns 蒜茸大虾 Grilled King Prawns with Garlic Herb Butter 巴黎黄油烤龙虾 Baked Lobster with Garlic Butter l 奶酪汁龙虾 Gratinated Lobster in Mornay Sauce 香炸西班牙鱿鱼圈 Deep-Fried Squid Rings 荷兰汁青口贝 Gratinated Mussels Hollandaise Sauce 蛋类 l 火腿煎蛋 Fried Eggs with Ham 洛林乳蛋饼 Quiche Lorraine 熘糊蛋 Scrambled Eggs 面、粉及配菜类 海鲜通心粉 Macaroni with Seafood 海鲜意粉 Spaghetti with Seafood 意大利奶酪千层饼 Cheese Lasagna 什莱奶酪比萨饼 Pizza Vegetarian l 海鲜比萨 Seafood Pizza 烤牛肉蘑菇比萨 Roast Beef and Mushroom Pizza 肉酱意大利粉 Spaghetti Bolognaise l 意大利奶酪馄饨 Cheese Ravioli in Herbed Cream Sauce 咖喱海鲜炒饭 Stir-Fried Seafood Rice with Curry 红花饭 Saffron Rice 阿拉伯蔬菜黄米饭 Couscous with Vegetables 西班牙海鲜饭 Paella 牛肉汉堡包 Beef Burger 鸡肉汉堡包 Chicken Burger 美式热狗 American Hot Dog 俱乐部三文治 Club Sandwich 金枪鱼三文治 Tuna Fish Sandwich l 烤牛肉三文治 Roasted Beef Sandwich 健康三文治 Healthy Sandwich 烟熏三文鱼 Smoked Salmon 土豆泥 Mashed Potatoes 里昂那土豆 Lyonnaise Potatoes 公爵夫人土豆 Duchesse Potatoes 烩红椰菜 Braised Red Cabbage wi