高二必修五重点难点——一般过去时、过去完成时、过去进行时.doc

Section Grammar一般过去时、过去完成时、过去进行时一般过去时、过去完成时、过去进行时在高考约占6分，考查形式主要有单选、语篇填空和改错，主要考察这三种时态中的谓语动词形式和时间状语。一、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某一个时刻或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，与yesterday，last week，in 1949，a few days ago等表示过去时间的时间状语连用。A terrible earthquake hit Wenchuan County，Sichuan Province.一场大地震袭击了四川省的汶川县。幻灯片4注意：一般过去时的时间状语可以是for时间段，表示在过去某一段时间内做了某事，此时间段截止到过去某个时间为止，而不是持续到现在。The rain lasted for three days.大雨下了三天。Dr Zhang studied Computer Engineering in America for five years.张博士在美国学了五年计算机工程。幻灯片52表示过去的习惯动作，常与often，usually，seldom等频度副词连用。When I was a primary school student，my teacher always praised me.我上小学的时候，老师经常表扬我。3在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，用一般过去时表过去将来。The patient would be in danger，unless she was sent to hospital at once.如果不立刻把病人送到医院，她会有生命危险。幻灯片64since引导的时间状语从句一般用过去时。You have changed a lot since we last met.自从上次我们见面以来，你变化很大。注意：(1)表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时，这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。The boy opened his eyes for a moment，looked at the captain，and then died.那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。幻灯片7(2)有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时。I didnt know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。(因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.)幻灯片8(3)有些动词如want，wonder，think，intend和情态动词如could，would等用一般过去时表示委婉的语气。I wondered if you could help me.您能不能帮我个忙？Could you lend me your bike?你的自行车能借给我用一下吗？幻灯片9二、过去进行时1过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或持续进行的动作。We were having a class meeting from 7 to 9 last night.昨天晚上7点到9点我们正在开班会。2与always，constantly，continually等连用，具有浓厚的褒贬色彩。My grandpa was always telling that old story.(厌倦)我爷爷总是讲那个老故事。幻灯片103go，come，start，stay，leave等动词的过去进行时可以表示过去将要发生的动作。She asked me if/whether I was starting the next day.她问我是否第二天动身。4过去进行时描述一件事发生的背景；即一个动作延续时另一个短暂性动作同时发生。I was watching TV when the bell rang.我正在看电视突然铃响了。幻灯片115过去进行时表示两个延续动作在过去某一时刻同时进行。The students were reading while the teacher was checking their homework.老师在批改作业的时候，学生们在读书。幻灯片12三、一般过去时和过去进行时的区别一般过去时强调某个动作在过去某个时间段或时间点上发生过；而过去进行时强调某个动作在过去某个时间段上一直持续，有时带有感情色彩。She did housework this morning.今天早上她做了家务。(家务活已做完)She was doing housework this morning.今天早上她一直在做家务。(家务活未做完)幻灯片13四、过去完成时1表示在过去某个动作或某个具体的时间之前已经发生、完成的动作或存在的状态，即表示“过去的过去”。He had learned English for a few years before he went to the United States.去美国之前，他已学习几年英语了。2主语过去完成时by过去时间/一般过去时的从句。They had lived here for nearly twenty years by the time they left for Beijing.到他们离开去北京时，他们已经在这儿住了近二十年了。幻灯片143主语过去完成时when从句(从句用一般过去时)。When he came back，I had studied for two hours.当他回来时，我已学习两个小时了。4在said，asked，thought，knew等动词过去式后面的宾语从句中，用过去完成时表示某些动作在这些动作之前已发生。He asked me whether I had seen the film before.他问我以前是否看过这部电影。幻灯片155过去完成时用在“no sooner.than”和“hardly.when”等句型的主句中；而从句用一般过去时。no sooner，hardly放在句首时用倒装。Hardly had we reached home from school when it began to rain.我们刚放学回到家就下起了雨。6有些动词如hope，wish，expect，think，intend，mean，suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本打算做而未做的事”。We had hoped that you would come，but you didnt.那时我们希望你能来，但是你没有。幻灯片167It was时间since主语过去完成时。It was two years since I had swum in this river.我已有两年没在这条小河里游泳了。8It was the first (second.) time that主语过去完成时。It was the first time that I had heard her sing.这是我第一次听她唱歌。注意：一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态；过去完成时表示过去的过去。 幻灯片17幻灯片18.用所给动词或短语的适当形式填空1All he _ (consider) then was how he would deal with the big sum of money his father gave him.答案：was considering2Have you graduated from Zhejiang University?Yes. I _ (stay) in Hangzhou for four years before graduation.答案：had stayed幻灯片19 3.The news came as no surprise to me. I _ _(know) for some time that the primary school was closed down.答案：had known4I _ (intend) to attend the party on time，but I couldnt get up early.答案：had intended5Sorry，I _ (not mean) to hurt you. Forgive me this time.答案：didnt mean幻灯片206Tom told the audience that this was the second time that he _(win) the gold medal in the Olympic Games.答案：had won7Mrs Jackson _ hardly _ (begin) to speak when there was a shout from the back of the hall.答案：had；begun8Peter _ (write) his graduation paper this morning when I visited him but I dont know if he _ _(finish) it.答案：was writing；has finished幻灯片21.单项填空1He_a glass while he_the table yesterday.Ahas broken；was cleaning upBwas breaking；cleaned upChad broken；was cleaning up Dbroke；was cleaning up解析：句意为：他昨天收拾桌子时打破了一个杯子。一个动作在进行，另一个动作突然发生，选D。答案：D幻灯片222What were you doing when she dropped in?I_for a while and_some reading.Awas playing；was going to doBplayed；didChad played；was going to doDhad played；did解析：本题的时态考查具有一定的迷惑性。“she dropped in”发生于“play”与“do some reading”之间，故play用过去完成时，而do some reading用过去将来时。答案：C幻灯片233Where have you been recently?I_in Hangzhou on business for a week last month.Ahave beenBhad goneChad been Dwas解析：考查时态。句意为：近来你去哪里了？我上个月去杭州出差了。由答句中的last month可知应选D。本题易误选A，原因是受上面问句中的recently影响。答案：D幻灯片244Tom，can you answer my question?Er，Im very sorry，Miss Evens. I _ about something else.Ahave thought Bwas thinkingCwill think Dhad thought解析：考查时态。根据句意和语境可知，当Miss Evens问问题的时候，Tom正在思考别的问题，所以用过去进行时，表示过去某个时间正在做某事。答案：B幻灯片255Did you see a man in black pass by just now?No，sir，I _ a newspaper.Aread Bwas readingCwould read Dam reading解析：本题考查真实语境中推断时态。根据句意“刚才你看到一个穿黑衣服的男人过去了吗？没有看到，我当时正在读报纸”。可知B项为正确选项。答案：B幻灯片266How are the team playing?They are playing well，but one of them_hurt.Agot BgetsCare Dwere解析：由题中所设语境可知，一名队员受伤应是过去的动作，故选A。答案：A幻灯片277She _ to the office than she got down to writing the report.Ahas no sooner got Bhad hardly gotCno sooner got Dhad no sooner got解析：考查动词时态。no sooner.than.为固定搭配，且no sooner部分要用过去完成时，故选D。答案：D幻灯片288The vegetables didnt taste very good.They_too long.Ahad been cooked Bwere cookedChad cooked Dcooked解析：考查动词时态。由题意可知cook这个动作发生在taste之前，为过去的过去，且为被动，故选A。答案：A幻灯片299Where do you think_he_the computer?Sorry.I have no idea.Ahas；bought B/；boughtCdid；buy Dhad；bought解析：考查动词时态。由题意“你认为他在哪里买的计算机”可以看出buy在过去发生，为一般过去时且句子语序应该为陈述语序，故选B。答案：B幻灯片3010Alice came back home the day before yesterday.Really? Where_？Ahas she been Bhas she goneChad she been Dhad she gone解析：考查动词时态。根据题意可知“她到哪里去”应在“回家之前”为过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故选C。答案：C幻灯片3111Could I use your computer for a while，Kate?Sorry，it got a virus when I_download a flash.Atry to Bam trying to Chad tried to Dwas trying to解析：时态考查题。根据信息提示词“got”，可知应用过去的时态，据答句句意“我在下载flash时染上病毒”可知，空处用过去进行时。答案：D幻灯片3212The robber had escaped and was nowhere to be found when the police_.Aarrive BarrivedGhave arrived Dhad arrived解析：考查动词时态。句意为：警察来到时，那个抢劫犯已经逃跑了且无处寻找。本句说的是过去的事情，排除A、C两项；D项表示“过去的过去”，不符合语境。答案：B幻灯片3313They became friends again that day.Until then，they _to each other for nearly two years.Adidnt speak Bhadnt spokenChavent spoken Dhavent been speaking解析：根据语境可知“他们彼此将近两年没有说话”，是发生在过去的动作“became”之前，即过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。答案：B幻灯片3414Ouch！You hurt me!I am sorry.But I_any harm.I_to drive a rat out.Adidnt mean；tried Bdont mean；am tryingChavent meant；tried Ddidnt mean；was trying解析：考查时态。didnt mean没打算，was trying to do强调过去那时正在做什么，故用过去进行时。答案：D幻灯片3515. He _ football regularly for many years when he was young.Awas playing BplayedChas played Dhad played解析：句意为：年轻时，他经常踢足球，踢了很多年。regularly经常地；过去常常，可与过去时、would动词原形或used to do sth.连用。答案：B幻灯片3616Edward，you play so well.But I_you played the piano.Adidnt know Bhadnt knownCdont know Dhavent known解析：句意为：Edward，你弹得真好。但是我以前不知道你会弹钢琴。根据句意知是以前不知道，现在听他弹了并作了评价应该是现在知道了，故用一般过去时态。答案：A幻灯片3717Ive got to go now.Must you？I_you could stay for d