山东省枣庄四中九年级英语《虚拟语气专练》课件 人教新目标版.ppt

虚拟语气专练 虚拟语气 1 在条件状语从句中表示与事实相反的条件 a 与现在事实相反的条件e g ifiwereyou iwouldgoatonce ifihadhiv iwouldknowbecauseiwouldfeelsick b 与过去事实相反e g ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier youwouldhavemethim ifshehadtoldhimaboutthedanger hewouldnothavehurt c 与将来事实相反e g ifitweresunnytomorrow iwouldcometoseeyou ifhewouldfailintheexperimentthistime hewouldtryagain e g ifweweretopanic 受惊 惊慌 weshouldnotbeabletohelp 有时候主句和从句的谓语动词指不同的时间 这时需要用混合虚拟语气 错综时间条件句 要根据实际情况灵活运用 尤其要注意提示语 时间状语 e g ifyou thatlatemovielastnight youwouldn tbesosleepy haven twatchedb didn twatchc hadn twatchedd wouldn twatched ifpaulhadreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection hewouldbeourchairmannow butfor without 如果没有 e g without butfor theparty wewouldn tbesohappy without butfor yourhelp icouldn thavefinishedthetask wemighthavediedwithoutyourhelp wemighthavediedifyouhadn thelpedus otherwise or 否则 要不然 if not e g hestudiesveryhard or otherwisehecouldn tstudysowell iwasbusylastweek otherwiseiwouldhavecometoseeyou iwasbusylastweek ifihadnotbeensobusylastweek iwouldhavecometoseeyou 2 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法 wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气用wish表示对现在的愿望时 从句中谓语动词形式为 过去时 be动词用were 用wish表示对将来的愿望时 从句中谓语动词形式为 would could should might 动词原形wish用语对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时 从句中谓语动词形式为 had 过去分词 或would could have 动词过去分词 e g iwishicouldbuyaspaceshipsomeday iwishthathewasn tsolazy theexhibitionwassoboredthatiwishihadnotgonetoit wouldrather that 从句 表示 愿望 的虚拟e g iwouldratheryouhadgonethere 与过去相反 你要是去那里就好了 iwouldratheryoustayedathomenow 与现在 iwouldratheryoucouldgotoamericatomorrow ifonly后加句子 要是 就好了 e g ifonlyicouldlearnenglishinoneday ifonlyitwasn training ifonlyjimhadpassedtheexam ifonlysamwouldreplytomyletter 注 在asif asthough 引导的方式状语 表语 从句中 动词形式和wish宾语从句中的形式相同 e g youaretalkingasifyouhadseenthem hespeaksenglishasifhewereanenglishman shelooksasifshewouldcry 用于表示意愿 建议 命令 请求 提议等动词后的that宾语从句中 用 should 动词原形 这类动词有 ask advise arrange 安排 beg command decide demand desire determine insist 坚持要求 硬要 intend propose object 反对 order require request suggest 建议 e g sheadvisedthatweshouldkeepthedoorlocked hesuggeststhatsheshouldleavethedangeroushouseatonce hisfacesuggestedthathewasangry 暗示 heinsistedthathewasinnocent 坚称 坚持说 heinsistedthatshe should showhimherpassport 其他常用虚拟语气句型 itis about high timethat 主语 should v should不能省略 itis about high timethat 主语 过去时e g itistimethatyoushouldhaveaclass itistimethatyouhadaclass 可该上课了 早该上课了 你怎么还不去 itistimeforyoutohaveaclass 该上课了 上课的时间到了 itistimethatyoushouldleave itistimeyouleft 应用举例 1 didyousubmit 递交 yourapplicationforamaster sdegree 硕士学位 notyet ifi toseemyfather iwouldhave a didn tgob haven tgonec wouldn thavegoned hadn tgone 答案 d 解析 iwouldhave省略了过去分词submitted 2 whydidn ttomgiveyouoneofhispaintings ididn twantone buthewouldhavegivenmeoneifi a dob wouldc willd had 答案 d 解析 ifihad中省略了过去分词wanted 3 doyouthinkthethiefenteredthroughthegaragedoor no ifhehad idon tbelieve brokenthelivingroomwindow wouldhehaveb hehadc hewouldhaved hehas 答案 c 解析 ifhehad后省略了过去分词 4 i dhavetoldyou a ifiwouldhaveknownitb ifihadhaveknownitc hadiknowitd shouldiknowit 答案 c 解析 如果if条件句中包含有should 或had were 则可以省去if并把should 或had were 移到句首 而意思不变 hadiknownit ifihadknownit 5 i comeyesterday buticouldn t a wastohaveb mustc oughtd haveto 答案 a 解析 was were 不定式的完成形式构成位于 表示过去所做的计划和安排没有实现 6 itisraining andihavenoumbrella here smine andiinsist it a youtotakeb thatyoutakec thatyoutakingd youtaking 答案 b 解析 一些表示愿望 请求 命令的动词 如ask require suggest recommend demand insist desire prefer order urge propose等 后的宾语从句中谓语动词用动词原形表示虚拟 也可用should 动词原形的形式表示虚拟 但在美国英语中常用动词原形 7 theprofessorgaveordersthatthetest before5 30 a befinishedb willfinishc willbefinishedd shallfinish 答案 a 解析 在suggestion proposal order advice recommendation idea等词后的表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词 也要用动词原形表示虚拟 此题that引导的是orders的同位语从句 8 imustgothereearlier johnhassuggestedthati anhourbeforethediscussionbegins a gob shallgoc willgod wouldgo 答案 a 解析 suggest等动词无论其时态为过去时还是现在完成时 其后的宾语从句中的谓语动词也是总是要用动词原形来表示虚拟 9 ididn tgototheparty butidowishi there a wasb werec hadbeend went 答案 c 解析 动词wish后的宾语从句需要用虚拟语气 表示过去的愿望用过去完成时 10 shespeaksasifshe onthespot a wasb werec hadbeend is 答案 b 解析 在以asif或asthough引导的从句中一般也要求用虚拟语气 从句中谓语形式与动词wish后的宾语从句谓语形式一样 但在itsounds looks seemsasif后的从句有时也可以用一般陈述语气 例如 itsoundsasifsomeoneisknockingatthedoor 似乎有人敲门 随堂练习 ifi tenyearsyounger i veryhappy were wouldbeb am shallbec were shallbed am wouldbe2 youcanaskyourbrotherforhelp heisnotathome ifhe i a is wouldb were wouldc is willd were will 3 ifyou thedoctorsadvice youwouldhavealreadyrecovered a followb followedc wouldfollowd hadfollowed4 ifhehadnotmissedthetrain he bythen a mightgetb mighthavegotc gotd hadgot 5 whatwouldyouhavedonelastnight ifyou towriteyourhomework a hadn tb haven thadc didn thaved hadn thad6 didyoucatchtheplane no ifihadhurried i a wouldb wouldhavec couldd did7 whydidn tyoutellhimthetruth ifi you iwouldhave a wereb hadbeenc amd wouldbe 8 howdoyouliketheparty wonderful ifyouhadcomewithus you agoodtime a hadb hadhadc wouldhaved wouldhavehad9 ifi outofmyink iwouldhavefinishedwritingthepaper a didn trunb shouldn trunc haven trund hadn trun 10 ifyou earlytomorrowmorning youwouldbetherebynoon a havestartedb werestartedc weretostartd hadstarted11 didyouhandinyourapplicationforaleaguemember notyet ifi toseemyfather iwouldhave a didn tgob haven tgonec wouldn thavegoned hadn tgone 12 whydidn ttomgiveyouoneofhispaintings ididn twantone buthewouldhavegivenmeoneifi a dob wouldc willd had13 doyouthinkth