广东省连州市高三英语分类复习 阅读理解推断文章结构课件.ppt

推断文章结构 要求考生理解文章的基本结构是高考阅读理解题中的一个新考点 文章的基本结构就是指文章的文脉 即句与句 段与段之间的逻辑关系 或是前因后果 或是平铺直叙 或是前后通过某条主线按逻辑构成一个整体 文章的结构与作者的写作手法有关 因此有关写作手法的题 我们也归为这一类 提问方式1 thepassageisdevelopedmainlyby 2 whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage 1 了解文章的主要逻辑结构是解题的前提 时空顺序 按时间先后叙述某一事物 或说明某一研究成果由过去至现在的发展情况 或按空间顺序说明某一事物 总分顺序 首段作总的概括 其他段落分别加以说明或具体论述首段的观点 分总顺序 前面几段分别说明 末段总结 对比 这类文章通常以对比各事物之间的共同点或差异为主题 2 概括各段内容的主旨 然后分析相互之间的逻辑关系 考点击破 1 theafricanelephant thelargestlandanimalremainingonearth isofgreatimportancetoafricanecosystem 生态系统 unlikeotheranimals theafricanelephantistoagreatextentthebuilderofitsenvironment asabigplant eater itlargelyshapestheforest and savanna 大草原 surroundingsinwhichitlives thereforesettingthetermsofexistenceformillionsofotheranimalsthatliveinitshabitat 栖息地 itistheelephant sgreatdesireforfoodthatmakesitadisturberoftheenvironmentandanimportantbuilderofitshabitat initscontinuoussearchforthe300poundsofplantsitmusthaveeveryday itkillssmalltreesandunderbushes andpullsbranchesoffbigtrees thisresultsinnumerousopenspacesinbothdeeptropicalforestsandinthewoodlandsthatcoverpartoftheafricansavannas intheseopenspacesarenumerousplantsinvariousstagesofgrowththatattractavarietyofotherplant eaters 重庆 70 thepassageisdevelopedmainlyby a showingtheeffectandthenexplainingthecausesb pointingoutsimilaritiesanddifferencesc describingthechangesinspaceorderd givingexamples a 2 howcanacreatureweighingover5tonsandnormallytaking150kilogramsoffoodand120litersofwaterperdaysurviveinadesertenvironment inthesouthwestafricancountryofnamibia andthesaharalandsofmalifurthernorth thedesertelephantdoesjustthat desertelephantscantravelover70kilometersinsearchforfeedinggroundsandwaterholes andhavealargergroupoffamilies theydrinkonlyevery3 4days andcanstorewaterina bag atthebackoftheirthroat whichisonlyusedwhenbadlyneeded desertelephantsarecarefulfeeders theyseldomrootuptreesandbreakfewerbranches andthusmaintainwhatlittlefoodsourcesareavailable yongelephantsmayeveneatthedung 粪便 ofthefemaleleaderofagroupwhenfacingfoodshortage duringdroughttheyareunlikelytogivebirthtotheiryoungbutwithgoodrainsthebirthratewillincreasegreatly desertelephantshavesandbaths sometimesaddingtheirownurine 尿液 tomakethemmuddy 湖北 67 theauthoranswersthequestionraisedinthefirstparagraphwith a storiesandexplanationb factsanddescriptionsc examplesandconclusiond evidenceandargument b 3 armstrongshowedagreattalentformusicwhenhewastaughttoplaythecornet 短号 ataboy shome inhislateteens armstrongbegantolivethelifeofamusician heplayedinparades clubs andonthesteamboatsthattraveledonthemississippiriver atthattime neworleanswasfamousforthenewmusicofjazzandwashometomanygreatmusicians armstro