Unit5语言点分析.doc

Unit 5, Book ILanguage Study#Para 1make ones way: to go towards something, especially when this is difficult or takes a long timemake your way to / through / towards etce.g. The old man slowly rose from his seat and made his way to the front of the bus. Rising slowly like an automaton, she made her way over to the counter and picked up the receiver. to gradually become successful in a particular job, activity, profession etce.g. ? 你要想成功,就得学会趁着年轻多多努力。If you want to make your way you must learn to work hard while you are still young.#Para 2absorb: vt. Trees absorb carbon dioxide to produce oxygen which is essential to the health of human beings.(to take in liquid, gas, etc 吸收) He appeared to understand, but whether he absorbed every detail I cannot say.(to read or hear a large amount of new information and understand it 吸取（知识）) Totally absorbed in writing the computer software, Michael ordered take-away food when he was hungry, slept on the office floor when tired out. (to interest someone so much that they do not pay attention to other things 吸引, usu. be absorbed in) These young immigrants were soon absorbed into new life.(to become part of something larger 融入，吸收 usu. be absorbed into) The university had to absorb a $14 million cut in funding.(to take over a cost or costs承担费用)Sentence ReadingIn the 21st century, economic globalization and the information network have linked us all together. Different cultures live together and influence each other. No culture can flourish in isolation. How much a country or a nation contributes to the culture of humanity is increasingly determined by her ability to absorb foreign cultures and renew herself. That is why China will remain open and receptive, value her own traditions while drawing on others successful experience, and achieve economic prosperity and social progress in a civilized and harmonious way. 进入21世纪，经济全球化、信息网络化，已经把世界连成一体，文化的发展将不再是各自封闭的，而是在相互影响中多元共存。一个国家、一个民族对人类文化贡献的大小，越来越取决于她吸收外来文化的能力和自我更新的能力。中国将永远坚持开放兼容的方针，既珍视传统，又博采众长，用文明的方式、和谐的方式实现经济繁荣和社会进步。(from: 用发展的眼光看中国See China in the Light of Her Development -Speech at the University of Cambridge温家宝 2009年2月2日)margin: n. the empty space at the side of a page 页边的空白e.g. Use double spacing and wide margins to leave room for comments. difference between the winners and the losers差距e.g. She won the seat by a margin of ten votes.Surprise! The seventh firm won the tender by a narrow margin. by a wide / narrow / significant etc marginMuch of Obamas overwhelming margin of success was owed to black voters, who made up about half of the overall turnout. 奥巴马的优势很大一部分是因为黑人选民，黑人选民的选票占了他所有得票数的将近一半。 difference between cost price and selling price盈利，利润e.g. The new interest rate rise could wipe out retail businesses who have cut profit margins to the bone to survive. 利率的增长能够使得靠大力削减利润来生存的零售业彻底垮掉。 China announced it would proceed with a trial period allowing domestic financial institutions to experiment with short selling and margin trades (using borrowed money to invest). 中国宣布，将着手进行一个试验期，允许国内金融机构进行实验卖空和保证金交易（使用借钱投资） 。 margin of error: the degree to which a calculation might or can be wrong误差e.g. The survey has a margin of error of 2.1%. on the margin(s): a person on the margins of a situation or group has very little power, importance or influencee.g. ? 许多精神有疾病的人被迫生活在社会的边缘。Many mentally ill people have been forced to live on the margins of society.reflect: v. send back the light反射e.g. She could see her face reflected in the cars windshield. 她能看到她的脸映照在汽车的挡风玻璃上。 to show, be a sign of反映e.g. The increasing racial diversity of the US is reflected in the latest census statistics.最近的人口普查数据反映了美国种族差异在加剧。Books are those faithful mirrors that reflect to our minds thoughts of sages and heroes.书籍是忠实的镜子，把圣贤英杰的思想反映到我们的头脑中。reflect who / what / how etc? 你的收入反映了你在公司的重要性。How much youre paid reflects how important you are to the company you work for. think carefully 思考，反省e.g. He had time to reflect on his successes and failures. 他有时间来思考（反省）他的成败。 reflect on / upon sb. / sth. 带来不良影响，使蒙受，归咎e.g. The childs bad behavior reflects on his home training.这孩子的坏行为归咎于家教不严。The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful mind. (Para 2)Translation F柔和的笔迹显示出多思善虑的心灵和富有洞察力的头脑。#Para 3locate: vt. find the exact position of something定位，找出e.g. We couldnt locate the source of the radio signal. Most scientists agree that black holes exist but are nearly impossible to locate. to be in a particular position or place坐落于e.g. Large retail chains are usually prepared to locate stores in areas of high population density. 大的零售连锁店通常会将其店铺开在人口密度高的区域。be located in (= be situated in)? 世界上大多数的雨林位于发展中国家。The bulk of the worlds rainforests are located in 27 developing countries.correspond: vi. exchange letters regularly通信e.g. Love grew between Lu Xun and Xu Guangping as they kept corresponding with each other. be in agreement, harmony, or conformity与.一致e.g. Her job corresponds with her interests.她的工作符合她的志趣。? 他言行不一。His actions do not correspond with his words. to be very similar to or the same as something else相当于e.g. ? 美国国会相当于英国议会。 The American Congress corresponds to the British Parliament. #Para 4haunt: vt. to make someone worry or make them sad 时常萦绕心头，使担忧e.g. Clare was haunted by the fear that her husband was having an affair.Clare常为害怕她丈夫有风流韵事所困扰。? 那些饥饿而又绝望的人的形象经常出现在她脑海里，使她充满愤怒。The images of these hopeless, hungry people haunted her, filling her with outrage.Once bitten, twice shy: Chinas past transgressions in reporting viruses come back to haunt it in the run-up to the Olympics. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳：就在奥运会来临之际，曾经一度在中国泛滥的对病毒的报道，又再次出现萦绕不绝。It said overcast days with snow, rain and icy rain will continue to haunt most parts of southern China for several days. The disaster is still developing. if the soul of a dead person haunts a place, it appears there often （鬼魂）出没e.g. Legends say the building is haunted by ghosts.disgust: vt. cause a strong and often sick feeling of dislike in (sb.) 使厌恶，令人作呕e.g. The heat, the noise, the smell of the other passengers; everything about the subway disgusted him. 热气、噪声、其他乘客的气味，有关地铁的一切让他厌恶。 The bad fish had a disgusting smell.这条变质的鱼有一股令人作呕的气味。Id always be haunted by the feeling that you had been taking a chance on just that, and that kind of love would disgust me. (Para 4)take a chance (on sth.): to do something that involves risks 碰运气，冒险e.g. We took a chance on the weather and went for a picnic. 我们怀着天气可能会好的侥幸心情去野餐。The survey found women were more likely to take a chance with their ideas and challenge the status quo. 调查发现，女性比男性更勇于尝试自己的想法或挑战现状。Why is the past perfect continuous tense used in the sentence? FTo show that this action took place earlier than “you fell in love with me on seeing my picture”.Translation F我将一直深感不安，惟恐你只是因为我的容貌就贸然与我相爱，而这种爱情令我憎恶。Miss Maynells letter (para4)Punctuating the PassagePunctuation in English,comma.full-stop:colon;semi-colonaapostrophe quotation marks?question mark!exclamation marksuspension mark( )brackets-hyphendash“If your feeling for me has any reality, any honest basis, what I look like wont matter. Suppose I am beautiful. Id always be haunted by the feeling that you had been taking a chance on just that, and that kind of love would disgust me. Suppose I am plain (and you must admit that this is more likely.) Then Id always fear that you were going on writing to me only because you were lonely and had no one else. No, dont ask for my picture. When you come to New York, you shall see me and then you shall make your decision. Remember, both of us are free to stop or to go on after that whichever we choose” (Para 4)Translation F“如果你对我的感情是真实的，是诚心诚意的，那我的相貌如何并不重要。设想我美丽动人。我将会一直深感不安，惟恐你只是因为我的容貌就贸然与我相爱，而这种爱情令我憎恶。设想本人相貌平平（你得承认，这种可能性更大）。那我一直会担心，你和我保持通信仅仅是出于孤独寂寞，无人交谈。不，别索要照片。等你到了纽约，你会见到我，到时你可再作定夺。且记，见面后我俩都可以自由决定终止关系或继续交往无论你怎么选择”#Para 5schedule: vt. to plan that something will happen at a particular time确定时间e.g. The plane is scheduled to take off at 4 oclock.Her first album is scheduled for release in September.The Obama administration has set a positive tone to work with the mainland. So the US Defense Department must have worked closely with the State Department to schedule the military dialogue right after Secretary of State Hilary Clintons visit. be scheduled for release / publication / completion etc 计划发行 / 出版 / 完成 n. 时间表；进度表e.g. Chinas financial might and its endless supply of labour has ensured the state of the art venues will be completed well ahead of schedule and many of them. 中国强大的经济实力及其源源不断的劳动力确保了其设施一流的奥运场管的提前竣工。Know moreaccording to schedule按时间表； 按照原定进度ahead of schedule提前behind schedule落后于计划或进度；迟于预定时间on schedule按时间表，准时a tight schedule排得紧紧的时间表；难以遵守的时间表sustain: vt. to maintain, keep in existence 保持 fml to suffer damage, an injury, or loss of money 蒙受，遭受 to provide for, to supply with necessities or nourishment 供养，维持 fml to support支撑，支持e.g. A friend of mine refuses to go to a vapor bath, for she believes theres not enough oxygen to sustain life there. 我有个朋友始终不肯去洗蒸汽浴, 因为她认为蒸汽浴室里的氧气不足以维持生命. Humor may sustain us in hard times and bring happiness in everyday life. Regular fruits and vegetable consumption sustain a healthy heart. No matter how devastating the losses we sustain, every loss is an opportunity for growth and change. Rebuilding confidence is the only way to regain strength and sustain economic growth. An elderly woman drank her own urine to sustain her for 13 days until rescuers pulled her out of the debris. They gave me barely enough food to sustain me. The belief of seeing her again sustained the young man. She found it difficult to sustain the childrens interest. The company has sustained heavy financial losses this year. He leant against her so heavily that she could barely sustain his weight. a girl he had never seen, yet whose words had been with him and sustained him unfailingly. (para 6)Translation F一位素未谋面，但其文字伴随着他，始终支撑他精神的姑娘。#Para 7alive: adj. still living and not dead 活着的e.g. ? 受伤的人不省人事但仍活着。The injured man is unconscious but still alive. active; lively 活跃的e.g. The news of victory kept us alive in excitement.胜利的消息使我们兴奋。CF: alive, living, & live活着的alive着重于状态。它用作表语，或放在名词或代词后作定语。e.g. Whos the greatest man alive?living放在名词前作定语，或用作表语。e.g. Shelly was still living when Keats died.living plants and animalsA brother in Australia is Marys only living relative.live只放在名词前作定语，多指动物。e.g. Protesters want to stop the export of live sheep and cattle.delicate: adj. a part of the body that is delicate is attractive and graceful精巧的，精致的e.g. She is slender, with delicate wrists and ankles. easily damaged or broken 脆弱的e.g. My mother Jane, died in her 88th year, a mighty age for one who at 40 was so delicate of body as to be accounted a confirmed invalid, (and to be) destined to pass away. 我的母亲简是88岁去世。这个岁数对于一个40岁时就身体纤弱，被公认有痼疾在身和注定不久于人世的人来说，是个难得的高龄。The sun can easily damage a childs delicate skin.The tea was served in delicate china cups. needing to be dealt with carefully or sensitively in order to avoid problems or failure棘手的e.g. I am seeking your professional advice on a very delicate matter. The special envoy handled the delicate situation with diplomacy. 这位特使用外交手腕处理了这一微妙的局势。A young woman was coming toward me, her figure long and slim. Her golden hair lay back in curls from her delicate ears; her eyes were blue as flowers. Her lips and chin had a gentle firmness, and in her pale green suit she was like springtime come alive. (Para 7)Translation F一位年轻的姑娘向我走来，她身材修长纤细。一头卷曲的金发披在秀美的耳后；眼睛碧蓝，如花似玉。她的双唇和下颌线条柔和，却又柔中见刚，她身穿浅绿色套装，犹如春天一般生气盎然。#Para 9go ones way: go in sb.s direction 朝某人走去e.g. ? 尽管我不和你同路，我还是很乐意送你一程。 Though Im not going your way, I still would like to give you a ride.#Para 10She was more than a little overweight, her thick-ankled feet thrust into low-heeled shoes. (Para 10)more than a little: verye.g. My younger brother was more than a little excited to have Michael Jordan sign his T-shirt. 我弟弟为得到Michael Jordan在他T恤衫上的签名而兴奋不已。Translation F她体态臃肿，粗圆的脚髁上套着一双低跟鞋。Words for describing someone who is fatfat: (rude)fatty / fatso: (rude) a fat personoverweightbig / large: use this esp. when you do not want to say fatplump(y): fat in a pleasant and attractive way 丰满的chubby: esp. a small child, fat in a pleasant and healthy-looking way 胖都都的hefty: big and fat, but also tall and strong 魁梧的beefy: strong but also a little fat and unattractive 肌肉发达burly: big, strong, and heavy, in a way that may make you feel nervous 粗壮的#Para 11keen: adj. wanting to do something or wanting something to happen very much, eager渴望的keen to do something e.g. They are rather keen to purchase Chinese goods. It is reported that President Hu himself is keen to nurture a long-term friendly neighborhood relationship with Japan.keen for something to happen e.g. The government is keen for peace talks to start again soon.keen that e.g. These days judges are keen that children should see and remain close to both parents after divorce. (spoken) to like, be interested in热衷于be keen on somebody/somethinge.g. Young males in particular were keen on high pay and promotion, and less concerned with security or job satisfaction. acute敏锐的e.g. Dogs have a very keen sense of smell. She has a keen eye for (=is good at noticing) talent.With her keen mind and good business sense, she soon became noticed.We should keep learning day by day to maintain our keen mental power and expand our intellectual capacity. 我们应该日复一日不断地学习以保持我们心智的敏锐，并增长我们的智力。 strong强烈的e.g. As she walked away, Joe felt a keen sense of loss.We won the contest in the face of keen competition.I felt as though I was split in two, so keen was my desire to follow her, and yet so deep was my longing for the woman whose spirit had truly companioned me and upheld my own. (Para 11)Translation F我觉得自己好像被分成了两半，一方面热切地想去追赶她，但另一方面我又渴望那一位以其心灵真诚陪伴我并成为我的精神支柱的女人。#Para 12sensible: adj. reasonable, practical, and showing good judgment 明智的；有判断力的e.g. Its sensible to keep a note of your passport number.We aim to help clients make financially sensible choices.Her sensible mind stimulates our numbed heart to realize that we need women to be the next resource of human civilization next 3000 years. to know or realize that something exists or is true 可感觉的；能注意到的e.g. ? 他很明白自己所处的困境.He was very sensible of the difficult situation he was in.CF: sensitive敏感的e.g. Although cats cannot see in complete darkness, their eyes are much more sensitive to light than are human eyes.尽管在全黑暗中猫也看不见，但是相对于人的眼睛，它们的眼睛对光的敏感性更强。As a young man he was very sensitive about his gawky looks.作为年轻人，他还是很在意他笨拙的外表。light-sensitive / heat-sensitive etc 感光 / 热#Para 13identify: vt. to recognize识别；鉴别e.g. Scientists have identified the gene that causes abnormal growth.科学家找到了导致异常生长的基因。Eye witnesses identified the gunman as an army sergeant. 目击证人认定枪手是一个陆军军士。Each ticket will have a digital chip that identifies the purchaser to prevent re-selling the much sought after tickets and to help identify counterfeits.The Chinese environmental agency is working with the banking authorities to identify companies that fail pollution checks or bypass environmental assessments for new projects and to restrict their access to fresh credit.identification n. 身份grateful: adj. feeling or showing thanks感激的；表示谢意的e.g. The mother was grateful to the young man for saving her childs life. pleasant; agreeable; comforting可喜的，令人愉快的e.g. This is really a grateful rain to the peasants. 一场喜雨#Para 15broaden: v. make or become broader（使）变宽，（使）扩大e.g. The road broadens out at this point. 这条马路在这里开始变宽。 His face broadened out into a grin. 他咧开嘴笑了起来。The library is installing new technology to broaden access to its huge store of information