湖南省株洲市第四中学高二英语Module 6《Unit 4 Helping people around the world》Grammar and usage课件.ppt

高二牛津版模块六 unit4helpingpeoplearoundtheworldgrammarandusage revision if虚拟语气 过去时 did were would could should might v 原 过去完成时 would could should might have p p 1 过去时2 should v 3 weretodo would could should might v 原 putthefollowingintoenglish 1 如果我有钱就不住在这破楼里了 ifiwererich iwouldnotliveinsuchabrokenbuilding 2 如果我昨天带钱就借给你了 3 如果我今后有钱了就会帮助更多的人 ifihadhadmoneywithmeyesterday iwouldhavelentsometoyou ifigotrichinfuture iwouldhelpmorepeople unrealconditions othercases虚拟语气 mixedconditionals 混合虚拟语气 有时主句与从句所指的时间不一致 这叫错综虚拟语气或混合虚拟语气 它要求从句的时态根据实际的时间概念来确定 1 ifihadfinishedmyhomeworklastnight iwouldbeallowedtowatchtvnow 如果我昨晚完成了作业 现在就被允许看电视了 从句说明过去情况 而主句说明现在情况 2 ifyoutoldmethetruthnow iwouldnotsendforyourparentstomorrow 如果你现在告诉我实话 我明天就不请你家长来了 从句说明现在情况 主句说明将来情况 ifi businessatuniversity i amanagernow ifihadtakenanalternativepathand medicine i alotofmedicalknowledge ifi alotaboutmedicine i abletohelpmysickmother ifi mysickmother i soupset hadnotstudied wouldnotbe hadstudied wouldhave knew wouldbe couldhelp wouldnotbe completepartaonpage57 2 impliedconditionals 含蓄虚拟语气 有时假设的条件不通过if条件句表达出来 而隐含在某些介词短语中 如with without butfor等 或者通过副词or otherwise等上下文表示 1 withoutyourencouragement iwouldn thavesucceeded ifyouhadn tencouragedme iwouldn thavesucceededanyway 没有你的鼓励 我不会成功的 例如 2 with ifihad moremoney icouldhelpmorepeopleinneed 3 butforthe iftherewasno moneyyousentme iwouldstarvenow 4 iamtoohungry or otherwiseiwouldnottrytoeatyou ifiwerenotsohungry iwouldnottrytoeatyou 3 introducedbyevenif asif though ifonly 在evenif asif though ifonly引导的从句表示与事实相反的情况时也使用虚拟语气 与现在事实不符用一般过去时 与过去事实不符用过去完成时 例如 iwouldnevergothereevenifiweregiventhechanceto nicholasissmilingasifheknewnothingaboutit miketalksasthoughhehadbeentothegreatwallbefore ifonlyiwereagoodwillambassador imitation 1 即使你有钱也不能这么浪费 youshouldnotwasteevenifyouwererich 2 看上去他们好像吃错药似的 itlookedasiftheyhadtakensomewrongmedicine 3 我女朋友逛起街来好像永远不知道累一样 mygirlfriendgoesshoppingasthoughsheneverfelttired 4 要是我现在就知道明天考试的答案就好了 ifonlyiknewtheanswerstotheexamtobeheldtomorrow 注意 上述连词也可以引导事实或者具有很大可能性是事实的从句 此时不必使用虚拟语气 例如 itlooksasifitisgoingtorain itseemsasthoughheislost 4 afterwish wouldrather 1 在wish后的宾语从句中 表示与当时的事实相反用一般过去时 同时性 表示与过去的事实相反用过去完成时 先时性 表示与将来的事实相反用would could might加动词原形 例如 1 iwishtherewerenowarsintheworld 同时性 2 inowwishthatihadbookedaroomyesterday 先时性 3 weallwishwecouldgetadmittedtoagooduniversity 后时性 2 在wouldrather后的宾语从句中 从句谓语用一般过去时来表示与现在或将来相反的事实 如谈到过去的动作 则用过去完成时 例如 iwouldratheryouhadn ttoldmeaboutit i drathersheweredumb morecases 其它常用虚拟语气形式 1 在itis high time句中使用过去时虚拟语气或者使用 should 动词原形 形式的虚拟语气 例如 itistimewehadarest itishightimeweshouldgohome 2 在名词性从句中使用 should 动词原形 或只用动词原形的虚拟语气 在suggest insist require request order demand recommend propose等动词后的宾语从句 以及上述动词相应的名词形式的名词性从句中 还有itis wasimportant necessary natural strange surprising etc that 等名词性从句中使用 例如 mycousinsuggestsi should domoreexercises mysuggestionisthathe should turntohisteacherforhelp itwassuggestedthatwe should holdameeting hemadeasuggestionthatshe should waitforanotherweek expertssuggestwe should notpanicwhenafirebreaksout itisrequiredthatstudents should notgototheinternetcaf itisnecessarythatone should masteraforeignlanguage itissurprisingthatyou should notunderstandme 注意 当suggest作为 表明 暗示 insist作为 坚持认为 坚持说 之意使用时不用虚拟语气 例如 thesmileonhisfacesuggeststhatheisquitesatisfied theboyinsistedthathewasinnocent 3 情态动词 have 过去分词 should oughtto could may might needn t have 过去分词 表示 过去应该做而未做到 的虚拟语气 该结构的否定形式则表示 过去不该 必做的却做了 常含有责备 批评或懊悔的意思 例如 youshouldhavetoldmeearlier butyoudidn t youshouldn thaveleftwithoutsayinggoodbye butyouleftwithoutsayinggoodbye icouldhavecaughtthebus butididn t you vemakeafewspellingmistakes youmighthavebeenmorecareful butyouwerecareless 注意 情态动词 havedone有时表示对过去动作或状态的推测 其中情态动词无时态之分 例如 canhehavestayedatafriend slastnight theymayhavearrivedbynow 4 表示祝愿的虚拟语气 表示祝愿时常用动词原形或者是 may 主语 动词原形 的结构 例如 godbewithyou longlivethepeople srepublicofchina mayyousucceed 5 用于whatif句中 在口语中 虚拟语气经常省略主句 只保留从句 例如 whatifishouldfail 完整的句子为whatshouldidoifishouldfail practice 1 ifi toschooltomorrow i mylessonsnow a weretogo woulddob wouldgo woulddoc went didd shouldgo amdoing a 2 today hewouldgettherebyfriday a wouldheleaveb washeleavingc werehetoleaved ifheleaves 3 ifit thisafternoon theenglishpartywouldberuined a rainsb rainedc willraind wasraining c b 4 i dratheryou theirinvitationyesterday a notacceptb wouldn tacceptc didn tacceptd hadn taccepted 5 itisimportantthatyou sportsevery a haveb wouldc musthaved willhave c a 6 theenglishexaminationiwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastsunday a inspiteofb butforc becauseofd asfor 7 yesterdayjanewentawayfromthediscussion otherwiseshe somethingshewouldregretlater a hadsaidb saidc mightd mighthavesaid b d 8 i mgladyoutoldmeaboutthematchbeingcancelled i dhavetraveledallthewaytolondonfornothing a thereforeb otherwisec besidesd however 9 ihopeyouenjoyedyourfoodverymuch sir yes notbad butthechicken alittletender a couldhavebeenb canbec mustbed shouldbe b a 10 yourtimelyhelp wecouldnothavefinishedthetaskaheadoftimelastweek a withb withoutc butford otherwise 11 ifanyone thisway wewouldbecaughtlikeratsinatrap a wouldcomeb hadcomec shouldcomed comes b c 12 thejobonthefarm theoldermen finditdifficulttogetanewjob a with shouldb without shouldc without wouldd with would c 13 ifmr smithhadrealizedthedanger he morechildrenrunoutoftheclassroom a wouldhelpb wouldhavehelpedc willhelpd hadhelped b formoreexercises clickhere 高考链接 d d 1 10安徽32 jackdescribedhisfather who abraveboymanyyearsago asastrong willedmana wouldbeb wouldhavebeenc mustbed musthaveb