中考英语专题-动词不定式.doc

动词系列之三： 动词不定式动词不定式是初中英语的语法重点之一。它没有人称和数的变化，不能单独作句子的谓语。其构成形式为to+动词原形。一、动词不定式作主语1. Its our duty _ the room every day.A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans2. Its hard for us _ English well.A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。It will _ the workers over a year _ _ the flyover.4. Its very nice _ you to get me a ticket _ the World Cup.A. for， of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， to(安徽省)直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多，多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。常见的句式有：(1)It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth. 常用nice, kind, clever, good, right, wrong, foolish, careless等形容词，与介词of搭配，说明人的特性；(2)It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth.常用hard, difficult, easy, important等形容词，与介词for搭配，一般说明不定式动作的特性。(3)It is +名词(for sb)to do sth. It is duty for me to study.二、动词不定式作宾语 want to do sth1. He wants _ some vegetables.A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys2. Dont forget _ your homework with you tomorrow.A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking3. He found it very difficult _.A. sleeping B. sleepsC. slept D. to fall asleep1. 可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：ask, choose, agree, expect, hope, decide, learn, prefer, pretend, know, wish, want, would like/love.2. decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell+特殊疑问词+ to do(why do sth)I dont know what to do. Show me how to do it.I want to know why go there. 某些动词后面接不定式和接动词-ing 意思不同stop to do sth： 停止正在做的事情去做另外一件事；stop doing sth： 停止正在做的事。remember to do sth：记住去做某事(事还未做)；remember doing sth：记得做过某事(事已做)。go on to do sth： 接着做某事(做完一事，接着做另一事)；go on doing sth： 继续做某事(一事未做完接着往下做)。forget to do sth： 忘了做某事(事还未做)；forget doing sth： 忘了曾做过某事(事已做)。try to do：尽力做； try doing： 试试做。三、动词不定式作宾语补足语 ask sb to do sth1. Robert often asks us _ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before.A. help him; B. to help him with; C. to help with; D. helps him with;2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends _ Chinese food.A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked 不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask， teach， expect， tell， allow等。注意：省略to的动词不定式 make sb do sth1. We saw him _ the building and go upstairs.A. to enter; B. enter; C. entering; D. entered 2. So much work usually makes them _ very tired.A. to feel; B. feels; C. feeling; D. feel 3. Your father is sleeping. Youd better _.A. not wake up him; B. not to wake up himC. not wake him up; D. not to wake him up 4. I was made _ my homework in the afternoon.A. do; B. doing; C. to do; D. did 有相似用法的有see, watch, hear, feel,make, have, let等；注意：make sb do sth _ make sth done _see sb do sth：_see sb doing sth：_四、动词不定式作状语 表 目的1.She went _ her teacher.A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing (江西省)2.Meimei likes English very much. She does her best _ English well.A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns (四川省)目的状语：to do sth/in order to do sth1)I come here to see you.2)They got together to(in order to/so as to) discuss this question.so that+目的状语从句He gets up early so that he can catch the bus.so+形容词/副词 + that结果状语从句He is so fat that he cant run.too +形容词/副词(for sb)to do sth(太而不能)He is too fat to run.enough (for sb) to do sth(足以、足够做)He is quick enough to run.五、动词不定式作定语1. Would you like something _?A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks (湖北省)2. I have a lot of homework _.A. do B. doing C. did D. to do (河南省)3. i