中国地质大学 博士入学考试 英语 真题.doc

CHINA UNIVERSITY O F G E O S C I E N C E SPhD Entrance Examination in English21April 2001LISTEN TO THIS!Good morning! You are about to take the English test for people who wish to enter the doctoral program in the earth sciences at this school. The test may be rather different from any exam youve taken in the past. The first part is a timed listening exercise. The other four sections test your knowledge of grammar, elementary writing skills and basic vocabulary, plus your reading ability. You can have as much time as you like for the last four parts of the testwithin reason, of course.The test has five sections, worth a total of 130 points in all; the answers in part 5, the reading test, are worth three points each.The answers for parts 1,2,3 and 5 (in other words, every part except 4) should be marked on your answer sheet. The answers for part 4 should be written directly on this test paper.Make sure you READ AND FOLLOW THE DIRECTIONS for each part of the test!The results of this exam will enable us to compare your preparation in English with that of the other candidates. The “passing” grade is relative; in other words, it will depend on the scores for the whole body of test-takers. You should just relax and do as well as you can.We shall now begin. Turn the page to part 1. Good luck!PART 1. Imagine that you are on a train to Shanghai. In the seats in front of you there are two foreigners, and you can hear their conversation. One of them is telling the other about his job. He says what he does, not what he is or what field (profession or occupation) he is in.On your paper you see a list of the names of people in 60 different occupations or professions. As you listen, decide what the speaker is. Then find the correct word on the list and write the number beside it in the proper blank on your answer sheet.For instance, suppose you hear this: (Speaker P) “Well, I dont enjoy lecturing very much, especially to younger students, but I do love my research. Id be so happy if I could spend every day in the lab with my graduate students and postdocs. However, thats just not the way university departments operate.” You decide that the speaker must be a professor, so you find “a professor” on your list. You see that the number beside it is 61; you then write the number 61 in the blank beside P on your answer sheet.By the way, in reality there is no P and no 61, and “a professor” is not one of the choices on your list. This is just a theoretical example. You will now have three minutes to read the list. SILENCEAll right, now lets begin! 15 points+1 an accountant会计31a librarian2 an actor32a mathematician数学家3 an airline pilot民航驾驶员33a mechanic机修工（技工）4 an architect建筑师34a mechanical engineer机械工程师5 an astronomer天文学家35a military officer6 a biologist36a novelist小说作家7 a chef烹调师37a nurse8 a civil engineer土木工程师（建筑）38a paleontologist古生物学家9 a concert pianist高级钢琴演奏师39a press photographer新闻摄影师10 a construction worker40a plumber管道维修工（水暖工）11 a corporate executive企业执行总裁41a poet诗人12 a dentist牙医42a police detective侦探（刑警）13 a dietician营养师43a police patrolman普通警察（巡警）14 a diplomat外交官44p pop singer流行歌手15 an electrician电工45a postman邮递员16 a fashion designer时装设计师46a private businessman私营企业家（个体商人）17 a film critic电影评论家47a private detective私人侦探18 a film director电影导演48a psychiatrist心理医生19 a flight attendant飞机乘务员49a psychologist心理学家20 a florist花店老板50a publisher出版商21 a geologist51a radio announcer电台播音员22 a geophysicist52a schoolteacher (primary)23 a graphic designer图形设计员53a schoolteacher(secondary)24 a hairdresser发型设计师54a software engineer25 a hardware engineer硬件工程师55a store clerk/shop assistant26 a hotel manager56a surgeon外科医生27 a journalist57a tax official税务员28 a judge法官58a travel agent旅行社职员29 a lab technician59a university student30 a lawyer60a vet宠物医生（兽医）PART 2. In each of the ten sentences below there is an underlined words (or words). Decide which of the words in the list at the bottom of the page can be used to replace the underlined words without changing the meaning of the sentence. The underlined words and the words that you choose must be synonyms. In each case, writer the number found next to the synonym in the appropriate blank on your answer sheet.A. We need to economize, so we are trying to cut down on waste in our lab.B. Our situation is likely to deteriorate if we do not receive help soon.C. You will notice that this material can easily be seen through.D. John thinks he may be laid off when the firm reorganizes.E. Does anyone know who is in charge of this part of the project?F. How soon do you think they will exhaust their supply of oxygen?G. Was there any feedback after you made your presentation?H. We need to keep track of any changes in soil in the area around the factory.I. This plastic looks good, but I think we need something more durable.J. Please hurry. This matter requires immediate attention.The five sentences below also contain underlined words. Find the words in the list at the bottom of the page that mean the OPPOSITE of these underlined words. Again, write the number found next to each item you choose in the appropriate space on your answer sheet.K. Quite a few observers have reported changes in the quality of the air.L. The telescope they are using now is a state-of-the-art device.M. There has been a minor improvement in his condition since he started to take the new drug.N. On the basis of the study, the committee has decided that the dam project is feasible.O. Their experiments will probably shed light on this puzzling phenomenon.+POSSIBLE SYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS (=OPPOSITES)1. a handful of21. exacerbate41.modify2. a host of22. extremely advanced42.monitor3. advanced23. facilitate43.more abundant4. advancing24. get a raise44.optional5. advice or criticism25. get worse45.other choice6. antiquated26. greater46.perilous7. authorize27. identical47.preserve8. be promoted28. imply48.questionable9. be transferred29. impracticable49.reduce10. become tired of30. improve50.refreshments11. challenging31. is emergent51.responsible for12. compatible32. is invisible52.responsible to13. constitute33. is transparent53.run out of14. contain34. is urgent54.safer15. counteract35. is visible55.similar16. designate36. less prone to wear56.snacks17. do little to explain37. less tough57.to blame for18. dramatic38. lose his job58.unprecedented19. dwindle39. many59.versatile20. eliminate40. meal60.very attractivePART 3. Each question in this part consists of one or more sentences in which four words or phrases are underlined. The four underlined parts are marked A, B, C or D. Decide which one of the four parts is not good English. Then write the letter found under that part in the proper space on your answer sheet.If the four underlined parts are all good English and there is no error in the sentence, then write E in the space on your answer sheet. REMEMBER! You always have FIVE possible choices: A, B, C, D or E (= no error).1 Despite the claims of later researchers, it was two roman ancient scholars who first noticed the similarity A B Cin the structure of these crystals. D2 How likely is the current campaign against spitting to success? To answer this question we must look at A B Cthe achievements of earlier efforts of this sort. D3 This afternoon I forgot stopping to check the mail. I think an important letter from the U.K. may have A B Carrived today, so Im going to the mailroom the first thing in the morning. D4 No sooner had she agreed to marry him than she began to have serious doubts about the wisdom of the A B C Dmatch.5 This diagram is illustrating the difference between our data and the findings of the two earlier A B Cinvestigations. You will note that the discrepancies are quite marked, especially in sector F. D6 I do a lot of traveling for my job. For example, once every two or three months I fly to Chongqing and A Bthen drive from town to town in east of Sichuan to talk to our clients. C D7 I think we should all insure our bikes in case they will be stolen, but my wife doesnt think the trouble A B and expense are worth it. As a result, my bike is insured against theft, but not hers. C D8 A number of the people came to the lecture were unable to get seats in Room 315, so Professor Klein A Bdecided to ask everyone to move to Room 403, which is much bigger. C D9 There are only two methods for dealing with this problem: one is expensive but quick, which another is A B Ccheap but unfortunately takes a rather long time to be effective. D10 Toward the end of the twentieth century a new means of communication was invented the Internet. By A B Cthe year 2000 the Internet had spread to every part of the globe. D11 Hardly anybody passed the most recent physics exam, so Professor Klein has set up a series of make-up A Bclasses to help people who have fallen behind in their work to master the key concepts. C D12 After the seminar in Shanghai this September, I will accompany with some of the participants on a tour A B Cof geological points of interest in Yunnan and Guizhou. Would you like to come with us? D13 We are awaiting a shipment of new equipments that is scheduled to arrive in Tianjin very soon. A B C D14 My boss knew that I was eager to return to my hometown to see my family, but he let me analyse all 400 A Bof the rock samples anyway. C D15 There is a rumor on campus that Wang Ping is about to be appointed minister of Ministry of Land and A B CResources. Do you think theres any truth in the rumor? D16 He has some experience in writing articles for publication, but not a great deal of it. Specifically, I A Bbelieve he has ever written three pieces that have appeared in professional journals, none of them in C DEnglish.17 Yesterday afternoon I was busy reading a long article in the financial pages of the newspaper. At the A B Csame time, the doorbell rang, and I sprang from my chair to answer it. D18 If I realized that the trip to South America was going to cost so much, I would almost certainly have A Bbacked out of it and instead gone to a less distant spot to do my fieldwork. C D19 Everyone regards it as a honor to be chosen to give the opening address at so important a conference. A B C D20 Were headed downtown on Saturday to see whats being shown in the main art galleries. Im told that A B CAnne is very interested in modern art, so I hope she would join our group. DPART 4. The sentences below contain one or more blanks. In each blank you must write ONE appropriate word. There may be several appropriate choices, but you must write only one. Your choice must be logical, grammatically correct and properly spelled. In other words, it must be acceptable real English. Any answer in good English is correct.Put one and only one word in each blank. If you put more than one word in a blank, your answer is automatically wrong. Putting nothing in a blank also counts as an error. 50 points+1. Youre going to the party? Have _!2. Do you want to eat now or would you _ wait a little while?3. I was _ when I opened the letter and discovered a check for $2,000.4. I have _good news for you. Your salary is going to be _, starting next month.5. Do the investigators have any idea what _ the oil rig to collapse?6. The experiment will be over _ three hours. _ then I have to stay in the lab and make sure everything goes according to plan.7. _ they didnt understand a word of what a foreign visitor was saying, they _ on smiling and nodding as if they did. It was very odd.8. Were not very _ with the condition of our lab, but we _ the funds that would be needed to renovate it properly.9. You may not _ our campus very impressive to look at. _, the university does have a number of genuinely distinguished researchers _ its staff.10. Many earth _ want to do research in Tibet, but _ there is not a good idea unless you are in excellent _.11. When John went _ this morning, he said he would _ around 2:30. _I tell him to give you a _ later this afternoon?12. John got _ in traffic on his _ to the campus this morning. By the time he arrived, the meeting _ already over and everyone _ gone back to work.13. Its true that second-hand cars are cheaper than new cars, but they _ to use more fuel. _, they break down _ more often. Of course, if youre a good mechanic, perhaps thats not such a _, but I cant recommend _ an older car to anyone who isnt good at _ them.14. Im upset because Ive just witnessed _ accident. It involved a bus, a taxi and a bike. The man on the bike and the cab driver were both _, the first instantly. The cab driver stopped breathing just as the ambulance arrived.15. John _ to smoke but he _ after his father, a lifelong heavy smoker, got lung _. _ him die of the disease was a terrible experience for John. Nowadays he gets angry whenever he sees an _ for cigarettes.16. Professor Smiths lecture was so _ that half of the audience had to struggle not to _ asleep. John was one of the few people who were not _. He thinks Smiths research is fascinating.17. If you plan to _ the conference in Sydney next month, you should _ a seat as soon as possible. I traveled to Australia at this time last year, and I had a lot of _ getting a plane ticket.18. All of Li Bos friends are _ him to take the job that the new computer company has _ him, but thus far he has _ to leave his current job. _ can understand why he is so reluctant to change _, especially since he often complains about he firm he works for now.PART 5. First read the article below carefully and completely. (Notice that the paragraphs are numbered from 1 to 11.) Then answer the questions on its content. In each case write the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheet. Each answer is worth three points.You are not allowed to use a dictionary. However, we have provided a short list of difficult words with their definitions to help you read the text. Read this vocabulary list before you begin the article.VOCABULARY FOR THE ARTICLEacute (adj.): sharp; causing difficult problemsto assimilate A: to make A similar to the other people in a new environment or societya buffer: something that reduces the shock of conflict or misunderstandinga C: a merely passing mark in the usual US grading system (A-B-C-D-F, with A as the high grade)a chasm: a wide, deep gapa corollary: a result of something else; a principle derived from another principlea curriculum: a list of courses taught in a schoolcuts far deeper = is more profound in its effectsa delicatessen: a store where ready-to-eat foods prepared in the store are sold and taken elsewheredespondent (adj.): discouraged and unhappydevastating (adj.): disastrousexotic (adj.): mysteriously foreigna family dynamic a psychological term: a pattern of authority and emotion inside a familya go-between: a middlemanto hammer X to A: to emphasize X by constant repetitionHispanic (adj.): from any of the countries in which Spanish is the main languagea privation: a lack of something importantself-esteem: self-respect, related to self-confidenceseventh grade: grade 7 of the 12 grades in US schools (like “CHU-YI” in China)to take a