动词加s和ing的方法.doc

动词ing形式的用法及变化规则二动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成，其规则如下：1）一般情况下直接加ingthink-thinkingsleep-sleepingstudy-studyingspeak-speakingcarry-carryingsay-saying2）以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ingwake-wakingmake-makingcome-comingtake-takingleave-leavinghave-having3）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing初中学过的这类词有：begin，cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid,等。visit不是以重读闭音节结尾，不用双写travel虽然重读第一音节，词尾音节不重读，但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母，然后再加ing，如：travel-travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。4）以y结尾的动词直接加ingcarrycarryingenjoyenjoying5）以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y，再加ingdie-dyinglie-lying动词第三人称单数的变化规则及练习一、 变化规则1、直接在动词后+s 例如： like- likes play-plays 2、以s, x, sh, ch, 接尾的动词：+es 例如： wash-washes3、以辅音+o接尾的动词：+es 例如： go-goes4、以辅音+y接尾的动词：变y为i+es 例如： fly-flies英语名词单数变复数的规则一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式，是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。读音变化：结尾是清辅音读s，结尾是浊辅音或元音读z。例：friendfriends; catcats; stylestyles; sportsports; piecepieces二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词，在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。读音变化：统一加读iz。例：busbuses; quizquizzes; foxfoxes; matchmatches; flashflashes三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y改变为i，再加-es。读音变化：加读z。例：candycandies; daisydaisies; fairyfairies; ladyladies; storystories四、以-o结尾的名词，如果不是外来词或缩写，就加-es，否则加-s构成复数。读音变化：加读z。例：tomatotomatoes; potatopotatoes; torpedotorpedoes; bingobingoes反例：silosilos; pianopianos（外来词）; photophotos; macromacros五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词，多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves，但有例外。读音变化：尾音f改读vz。例：knifeknives; lifelives; leafleaves; staffstaves; scarfscarves反例：roofroofs十一、部分单词的复数形式不变。读音变化：保持原音。例：fishfish; sheepsheep; cattlecattle; deerdeer; salmonsalmon十二、极少数单词，其复数形式没有任何规律。读音变化：没有规律。例：manmen; womanwomen; childchildren; personpeople; oxoxen十五、有些名词是单数、复数不分的例：deer; fish; cannon; sheep; salmon 鲑鱼; trout 鳟鱼十九、若表达具体数目，要借助数量词例：pair(对，双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers练 习一.写出下列动词的现在分词形式work_visit_play_study_dance_have_take_drop_ lie_ sing_shop_swim_二选择题练习1. Who _ over there now?A. singingB. are sing C. is singingD. sing2. Its eight oclock. The students _ an English class.A. haveB. havingC. is havingD. are having3. Listen! The baby _ in the next room.A. crying B. criedC. is cryingD. cries4. Look! The twins _ new sweaters.A. are wearingB. wearingC. are wearD. is wearing5. Dont talk here. Grandparents _.A. is sleepingB. are sleepingC. sleepingD. sleep三.填空：1. Miss Li _ (like) sleeping in the day.2. Listen! Who _ (talk) with your parents3. The girl _ ( not dance ) on Wednesday. She dances on Friday.5. Everyone _(say) she is a good shop assistant.8. Lets _ (eat) lunch together(一起).9. Look! A cat _ (run) up the tree.10. Its 6:30. My brother _ (see) a movie.11. Sam _ (go) to school at 7:00 every day.12. Peggy is _ (clean) the bedroom now. She is a good girl.13. - Where _ Mr. Green _ (live) - He _ inLondon.14. - _ you _ (clean) your bedroom - No, Im not. Im cleaning the living room.15. - _Nancy_ (talk) on the phone - No, she isnt. She _ (eat) lunch now.名词由单数变成复数的练习写出下列名词复数leaf_ puppy_ box_ knife_ fly_ fox_ bus_ bench_ brush_ kiss_ church_ dish_ ruler_ peach_ glass_ pencil_ boy_ zoo_ man_ roof_ sheep_ knife_ lady_ key_ story_ watch_ bamboo_ city_ family_ day_ apple_ eraser_ speech_ thief_ mouse_ fish_ goose_ people _ ox_ Chinese _ deer _ foot_ child_ tooth_ guy_ hero_ spy_ boss_ monkey_ city _ goat _ radio _ horse _ dog _用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空：1There are so many_ (wolf) in the forest.2There are three _ (chair) in the classroom.3These _ (tomato) are red. 4_ (hero) are great.5My brother looks after two _ (baby)6There are some _ (deer) eating the grass.7My father likes to eat _ (potato).8Chinese _ (people)like to eat noodles.9I have a lot of _ (toy) in my bedroom.10I help my mother wash _ (dish) in the kitchen.11I have two _ (pencil-box). 12There are some _ (bus)in the street.13Peter has eight _ (foot). 14Linda has three _ (tooth).15There are some _ (child) in the garden.16Michael likes the _ (mouse).18My uncle and father are _ (man).19Tom and King are _ (boy). 20Linda has three _ (tooth).选出正确形式1I can see three _ in the zoo. A monkeys B monkeys C monkey2.The pig has four _. A. foot B. feet C. foots3.My two brothers are both _. A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen4.There are four _ in the class.A. Japanese B. JapanesesC. Japan5.I can see ten _ in the picture.A. sheep B. dog C. pig6.The _ has three_.A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches7.Can you see _on the plate? A. bread B. breads C. breades8.The girl often brushes her_ before she goes to bed.A. tooth B. toothsC. teeth9.Mr Black often drink some _.A. milk B. milks C.milkes10.There are some _ on the floor.A. child B. water C. books11. _ will learn English. A. Woman B. Women C. Man12.Lucy will show us some new _ of hers.A. photo B. photos C. photoes13. I drank two _.A. bottles of orangeB. bottle of orangeC. bottles of oranges14.The cat eats two _ last night.A. mouses B. mice C. mouse15.I need a pen and some _. A. books B. desk C. chair写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_carry _come_watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_teach_一、写出所给词的第三人称单数形式sit swim read make run write have go do watch cry study play say wash 二、用do或does的适当形式填空1. _ you ride a bike to school? Yes, I _.2. _ your sister like PE? No, she _.3. What_ the students have? They have some pens.4. How_ Linda go to school? She goes to school on foot.5. He _ not speak English. He speaks Chinese.6. _ they watch TV on Sundays? Yes, they _.7. My father and mother _ not read newspapers on Saturday.四、动词的适当形式填空Jims father (work) in a bank. He (go) to work by bus every morning, sometimes he (ride) his bike. But he (be) never late for work. He (work) very hard.Jim (like) his father very much. They often （play） badminton（羽毛球）in front of their house, sometimes they (play) table tennis in Jims school. Jim (like) to talk with his father. His father (like) to hear Jim talking about his friends and his school. On Saturday or Sunday, they often (play) on the computer. Jim (have) many computer games. But he doesnt (play) them every day. He also (work) hard at his lessons.作业：一、把下列句子改成一般疑问句并做肯定、否定回答。1I usually get up at six oclock.Do you usually get up at six ?Yes, I do . /No, I dont .2. We usually write e-mails on Saturday evening ？ Yes, No, 3. They have the same hobby. ？ Yes, No, 4. Suhai and Su yang like listening to music after school. ？ Yes, No, 5. Helen usually watches TV in the evening. ？ Yes, No, 二、否定句:1. She_ _(do)her homework every day.2. He_ _(live)in Huanggang.3. The girl_ _(look)out of the window and sees many birds in the sky.4. Jenny runs home and_ _(sit)on the chair.三、一般疑问句:1._the desk_(have)four legs? Yes, it does.2._she_(do)her homework every day?Yes, she does.3._he_(live)in Huanggang? No, he doesnt.4. Does Danny_(see)the apple tree?四、按照要求改写句子：1. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_2. She likes milk.(