初中动词讲解与练习.docx

动 词动词的分类基本上是分为四类：系动词，助动词，情态动词和行为动词。一：系动词1. be动词：be动词是最常见的连系动词，它的一般现在时态形式有am，is，are；过去时的形式是was,were。随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。如：I am a teacher.They are happyEg. -There _a lot of meat on the plate. Would you like some ?-Just a little, pleaseA. is B. areC. amD. beThis pair of jeans_TinasA. areB. beC. isD. will be2.其他可以做系动词的词：另外有一些词也可以做系动词用，其后接形容词，名词或介词短语，这类词有become，turn，grow，look，smell，sound, taste等。如：Toms mother looks tiredThe cake tastes deliciousEg. The English song_very nice. Can you guess who is singing?A. smellsB. looksC. tastesD. soundsThe food in that restaurant_delicious, but it tastes badA. looksB. feelsC. becomesD. gets3. 可做实义动词的系动词：大多数感官动词，都既可以做系动词，也可以做实义动词，此时单独做谓语。如：He felt ill yesterdayEg. I like wearing clothes made of cotton because cotton_nice and softA. is feelB. is feelingC. feelD. feelsPlease_ the soup to see whether I have put enough salt in itA. smellB. feelC. eatD. taste二：助动词：助动词本身没有意义，不能单独做谓语，只能和行为动词一起构成谓语，表示疑问，否定，时态及语态等。如：I dont like itHe doesnt watch TV in the meetingEg. -Lucy, what about going camping if _tomorrow?-Sounds great!A. didnt rainB. doesnt rainC. wont rainD. hasnt rain-What _your mother look like?-She has long hairA. doesB. doC. is三：情态动词：表示说话人的语气和情态，如需要，可能，怀疑，愿意等，有一定的词义，但不完整，必须和主要动词的原形一起构成谓语，常见的情态动词有：can, could, may, might, must, need, shall, will, should, would及半情态动词had better, have to1. can , could:：can和 could 意为“能，会”表示请求，could的语气比can更委婉。如：-Could I borrow your bike?-Yes, you canEg. -Is John coming by train?-He should, but he _not. He likes driving his carA. mustB. canC. mayD. needPeople _breathe when they are under waterA. cantB. mustntC. shouldntD. neednt2. may 的用法：may 可以表示许可或推测，表推测时意为“或许，可能”，但只用在陈述句中。如： You may go home.May I smoke here?Take a raincoat with you, It may rainEg . -Is Mr Brown driving here?-Im not sure. He _come by trainA. mayB. shallC.needD. must-_I swim in that river?-No, you_. It is dangerous to swim in itA. Must, CantB. Can, may notC. May, mustnt3. must 与 have to的用法：（1）must意为“必须”，表示说话人的主观看法，have to表示客观需要。如：You must be here before five oclockIts too late, I have to leave now(2)must 表“必须”时，其否定式是neednt 如：-Must I finish my homework now?-No, you neednt(3)must可表示“猜测”，一般用于肯定句，它的肯定程度比may，might大的多，意为“一定是，准是”，如果要表示否定时，不可用mustnt；而是 can not。因为mustnt表示“不准，禁止”。如：Her answer cant be right.The room is locked. She cant be inEg . -Mike, I cant stop playing computer games-For your eyes, my dear friend, Im afraid you_A. have toB. mayC. canD. must-Must I stay at home and take care of her?-No, you _A. mustntB. wontC. cantD. neednt4. need 的用法：need既可以做情态动词，也可以做实义动词，need做情态动词主要用在疑问句，否定句中，否定式是neednt；做实义动词有人称，数，时态的变化，肯定式是need todo sth， 否定式是 neednt to do sth。如：Need you go now?We neednt do our homework nowDo you need to know it ? He need to go homeEg. -May I do the rest of the work tomorrow?-Yes, of course. You_finish it todayA. mustB. mustntC. needntYou_do it if you really dont want toA. needntB. mustntC. cantD. couldnt5. had better的用法：（1）had better意为“最好“，没有人称的变化，后接不带to的不定式。如：We had better catch a early busYou had better go there by bus(2) 否定式为had better not，如：Youd better not make any noiseEg . Youd better_smoking, _you will get illA. go on, soB. give up, andC. give up, orYou look tired, Youd better_a good sleepA. haveB. havingC. hadD. to have四、行为动词：行 为 动 词 vt./vi. 表示动作或状态。有完整的词义。能独立作谓语。按其带不带宾语、分为及物动词（带宾语）和不及物动词（不带宾语）help帮助（vt.） see看见（vt.） go去（vi.） fly飞（vi.） He often helps me. I can see a bird in the tree. Planes can fly.1）行为动词又可分为及物动词（vt.）和不及物动词（vi.）两种。及物动词作谓语，后面必须跟宾语意思才完整。不及物动词作谓语，后面不能跟宾语，只有加上介词后才可接宾语。2）英语中有些动词常常是既作及物动词又作不及物动词；既作连系动词工作及物动词。例如：He speaks English very well. (vt.) 他英语讲得好。He spoke at the meeting. （vi.）另外，动词按其在句中能否作谓语，又可分为谓语动词（finite verb）和非谓语动词（non-finite verb）两大类。说明：谓语动词又称限定动词，非谓语动词又称非限定动词。非谓语动词初中阶段主要学习动词不定式的用法。练习：1.I will tell him as soon as he _ backA. come B. comes C. will come D. came2. Mary _ on shoes when she _ them.A. triesbuys B. tries buies C. trys buys D. trys buies3. The girl often _ cold when she _.A. cathcsdances B. catches dances C. catchsdancees D. catches dancee4. _ he _ himself there? No, I dont think so.A. Doenjoy B. Does enjoies C. Does enjoys D. Doesenjoy5. _ your teacher _ from them very often? Certainly.A. Dohear B. Doeshear C. Do receive D. receive6. _ your mother _ some cleaning on Sundays?A. Doesdoes B. Dodoes C. Doesdo D. Do do7. _ Tom _to work hard to help his family ? Yes, he _.A. Has xdoes B. HasxdoesC. Doeshashas D. Does havedoes8. Which teacher _ lessons to you every day ?A. does gives B. does give C. do give D. gives9. Smith does not go fishing on weekdays, _? _ , he does.A. does heNo B. does heYes C. doesnt heNo D. doesnt heYes10.Mr Black often _ fishing on Sundays, _ he ?A. goesdoesnt B. goesisntC. doesnt godoes D. doesnt gois11.He usually _ TV on Sunday evening.A. watch B. watches C. watching D. is watching12. Well go to play with snow if it _ tomorrow.A. snow B. snows C. will snow D. snowed13. Neither I nor he _ French.A. speak B. doesnt speak C. speaks D. doesnt speak14. Nobody _ how to run this machines.A . know B. have known C. knows D. is knowing15. The Young Pioneer _ water for the old man every day.A. carry B. bring C. takes D. carries16. Some are _ in the river and some are _ games.A. swimming playing B. swimmingplaiingC. swimming I playing D. swimmingplaing17. Look ! The boy students are _ football while the girls are _ .A. playing dance B. playing dancingC. play dancing D. play dance18. He _ to do his lessons at eight every evening.A. is beginning B. is beginning C. begin D. begins19. _ he _ on well with his friends this term ?A. Doesgets B. Doesget C. Isgetting D. Isgeting20. Mr Smith _ short stories, but he _ a TV play these days.A. is writingis writing B. is writing writesC. writes is writing D. writes writes21. I _ to the cinema. I _ there every Sunday.A. gogo B. am going go C. go am going D. am goingam going22. Look, they_ a good time, _ they ?A. havedo B. havedontC. are havingare D. are having arent23. You _ about the future now, _ you ?A. dont thinkdont B. arent thinking arentC. dont think do D. arent thinking are24. She always _ something whenever she _.A .studiedplayed B. studiedplaiedC. studiedplaied D. studied played25. He often _ late in the forest. It _ me very much.,A. stayedworried B. staied worriedC. stayedworryed D. staied worried来源26. I _that the boy _ with no tears in his eyes.A. noticed cryed B. noticed criedC. noticedcried D. noticed cryed27. We _the floor and _ all the windows.A. mopped cleanned B. moped cleanedC. moppedcleaned D. moped cleaned28. When I _ the Childrens Palace, the children _ with joy.A. visited jumpped B. visited jumpedC. visited jumped D. visited jumpped29. _ a sports meet last Sunday ? Yes , they _.A. Did they have did B. Did they have hadC. Had they had D. Had they did30. _ you _out for a walk after supper ? Yes, I _.A. Didwentwent B. Did go wentC. Did went did D. Did go did31. _ Jack _ on with his work or _ to have a rest?A. Did went stopped B. Did go stopC. Did went stop D. Did go stopped32. You gave them a talk two days ago, _you ? Yes, I _.A. did did B. did gave C. didnt did D. didnt gave33. _ your brother _ a letter to ? My father.A. Who wrote B. WhatwroteC. Who didwrite D. What did write34. They _ about the TV news then in the sitting-room. They often _ such talksA. talkedhad B. talkhaveC. were talkinghad D. are talkinghave35. He _ some cooking at that time, so _ me.A. did heard B. did didnt hearC. was doing heard D. was doing didnt hear36. _ you angry then? They_ too much noise.”A. Arewere making B. Werewere makingC. Aremade D. Were made37. This time yesterday Jack _ his, bike. He _ TV.A. repaired didnt watch B. was repairing watchedC. repaired watched D. was repairing wasnt watching38. We _ for Tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us _.A. were waiting waiting B. were waiting waitC. waited waiting D. waited wait39. When you _ at the door, I _ some washing.A. knocked did B. was knocking didC. knocked was doing D. knock am doing40. The boy_ English on the radio when I _ his door.A. learned was opening B. was learning openedC. learned opened D. is learning open41. When they_ through the forest, a bear _ at them.A. walked was coming B. were walking cameC. were talking comes D. walk is coming42. A young man _ her while she _ her work .A. watched was finishing B. was watching finishedC. watched finished D. was watching was finishing43. While mother _ some washing, I _