一点三法巧解情态动词表推测题.doc

“一点三法”巧解情态动词表推测题发布者：杨建萍发布时间：2007-10-26 13:10:00 内容摘要情态动词must, will, would, ought to, should, can, could, may, might都可以表示推测，其用法复杂多变，是高中英语语法教学的难点，但却是高考的考查热点。因此，在平时的教学中，笔者结合教学实践，总结归纳出情态动词表推测的解题方法，即用“一点三法”巧解情态动词表推测题，正文情态动词must, will, would, ought to, should, can, could, may, might都可以表示推测，其用法复杂多变，是高中英语语法教学的难点，但却是高考的考查热点。因此，在平时的教学中，笔者结合教学实践，总结归纳出情态动词表推测的解题方法，即用“一点三法”巧解情态动词表推测题，详述如下：一、正确掌握基本概念情态动词must, will(would), can(could) , ought to , should, may (might),都可以在肯定句中表示推测，小括号内的是过去时形式。注意：在下列两种情况中，情态动词的现在时形式和过去时形式不是时间区别的主要标志，一是表示可能性弱于它们相应的现在时形式，二是表示语气更为委婉。这两种形式所表示的时间内容往往与它们的“时”的形式不相一致，。例如：He may come. (表示现在时间)Im not sure; he might come. (表示现在时间)Mr. Smith may come tomorrow. (表示将来时间)Mr. Smith may have come last year. (表示过去时间)考例：1）Ive taken someone elses green sweater by mistake.It _ Harrys. He always wears green. （2005年广东卷）A. has to be B. will be C. mustnt be D. could be解析：选D could可能性比will弱, has to 不表示推测。考例：2）Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, you_ . A. might B. could C. can d. should解析：选C 题干的could表示语气更为委婉,故选C而不能选B。二、要正确、快速地解出情态动词表示推测用法的题，关键是要准确地判断说话人的语气，并运用以下三种方法：1. 肯定的推测：must的语气最强，译为“肯定”、“准是”、“想必是”；should表推测时，表示确定或可能有的未来或期望，译为“很可能”、“按理应该”； can/could表推测时，往往具有“有时”、“不时”等含义；例如：Lightning can be dangerous. = Lightning is sometimes dangerous. 再如： Everyone can make mistakes. = From time to time everyone makes mistakes. might的语气最弱，译为“也许”、“大概”。九个可以用于肯定句中表推测的情态动词，按照可能性从强到弱，他们的排列顺序是must will would ought to should can could may might考例：1) - I think Ill give Bob a ring. （2006年江苏卷）- You _ . You havent been in touch with him for ages.A. will B. may C. have to D. should解析：选D should意为“按理应该”考例：2） Some aspects of a pilots job _be boring, and pilots often _work at inconvenient hours. （2006年湖南卷）A. can ; have to B. may ;can C. have to; may D. ought to; must解析：选A can意为“有时”、“不时”考例：3）Helen _ go on the trip with us but she isnt quite sure yet. （2005年安徽卷）A. shall B. must C. may D. can解析：选C 四个选项中，may的可能性最弱；若此题给might，则也可以选用。考例：4） Mistakes _ occur, even in the most carefully controlled situations.A. may B. can C. should D.might解析：选B can意为“有时”、“不时”2. 否定的推测：语气不很肯定时，常用may not或might not，译为“也许不”“大概不”；语气很肯定时，常用cant ， couldnt译为“不可能”、“可能不”。用于否定句中表推测的情态动词，按照可能性从强到弱，他们的排列顺序是cant couldnt may not, might not考例：1） Theres no light on - they be at home. （2006年全国卷）A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt解析：选A cant意为“不可能”考例：2） Black holes _ not be seen directly, so determining the number of them is a tough task.（2006年上海卷）A. can B. should C. must D. need解析：选A cant表示否定的推测，意为“不可能”考例：3） -Is Jack on duty today? （2006年四川卷）- It _ be him. Its his turn tomorrow.A. mustnt B. wont C. cant D. neednt解析：选C cant表示否定的推测，意为“不可能”考例：4） Is John coming by train? （2002年全国卷） He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car.A. must B. can C. need D. may解析：选D A和C不可用于表示否定的推测，故排除，在B和D中考虑。选项D may not的可能性比选项B cant 弱，故正确答案为D。3. 疑问句中的推测，往往用can或could。例如：Can it be true? = Is it possible that it is true?(这会是真的吗？)考例：1）Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony？（2001年上海春季卷）A. can B. should C. may D. must解析：选A考例：2）My MP4 player isnt in my bag. Where I have put it? （2007年福建）A.can B.must C.should D.would解析：选A参考文献： 12000年2007年全国高考英语试题单项选择部分 2章振邦主编新编英语语法教程情态动词部分3章振邦 、张月祥 、 强增吉 编著新编英语语法概要情态动词部分巩固性练习:1A left-luggage office is a place where bags _ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.A. should B. can C. must D. will2The teacher _ have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldnt have wasted time on him, I suppose. (2007年安徽卷)A. should B. can C. would D. must3Sir, you _be sitting in this waiting room. It is for women and children only.A. mustnt B. cant C. wont D. neednt4Jack _ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me.A. mustnt have arrived B. shouldnt have arrivedC. cant have arrived D. neednt have arrived5Ive taken someone elses green sweater by mistake.It _ Harrys. He always wears green. （2005年广东卷）A. has to be B. will be C. mustnt be D. could be6You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _ not like the design of the furniture. （2004年上海春季卷）A. must B. shall C. may D. need7Do you know where David is? I couldnt find him anywhere.Well. He _ have gone farhis coats still here.（2005年湖北卷）A. shouldnt B. mustnt C. cant D. wouldn8 Isnt that Anns husband over there? No, it _ be him Im sure he doesnt wear glasses. （2004年全国卷）A. cant B. must not C. wont D. may not9I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _ at least 150 kilometers an hour.（2005年重庆卷）A. should have been doing B. must have been doingC. could have done D. would have done10. - She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam.- I guess so. Its not difficult after all. (2007年江苏卷)A. should B. could C. must D. might11Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today?Something _ to him. （2005年江西卷）A. must happen B. should have happened C. could have happened D. must have happened12. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture.（2000年上海卷）A. couldnt have attended B. neednt have attendedC. mustnt have attended D. shouldnt have attended13Michael _ be a policema