【英语百天冲刺】第四次课.doc

百天冲刺第四讲：七选五/阅读表达/完型填空【七选五】Step1：先看选项，确定选项主题（用三五个字总结）Step2：看文章，确定各段主题（把七选五变成“二选一”或“一选一”）Step3：看上下各一句，利用“局部话题一致”原则答题（1）谈论同一事物（2）使用同一句式（3）数字列举（4）代词的指代关系【2011年北京卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Public Speaking and Critical ThinkingWhat is critical thinking? To a certain degree, its a matter of logic (逻辑)of being able to spot weaknesses in other peoples arguments and to avoid them in your own. It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.In the broad sense, critical thinking is focused, organized thinkingthe ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. 71 The greatest thinkers, scientists, and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to produce new ideas. That, too, is critical thinking. 72 As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches. While this may seem like a purely mechanical (机械的) exercise, it is closely connected with critical thinking. If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused. If, on the other hand, the structure is clear, there is a good chance your thinking is too. Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have. 73 What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking. 74 As you work on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately. 75 As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class, you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.If you take full advantage of your speech class, you will be able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circumstances. This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of ancient Greece.A.Rather, it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves.B.This may seem like a lot of time, but the rewards are well worth it.C.It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.D.It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world, only reorganized ideas.E.If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class, the answer is quite a lot.F.The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways.G.As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speechmaking, you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well.【2012年北京卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。EmpathyLast year, researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy, the ability to understand other people, among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years 71 Today, people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs.Jennifer Freed, a co-director of a teen program, has another explanation. Turn on the TV, and youre showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting, competing, and generally treating one another with no respect. 72 There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples. Humans are socially related by nature. 73 Researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. Besides, empathy can be a cure for loneliness, sadness, anxiety, and fear.Empathy is also an indication of a good leader. In fact, Freed says, many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. 74 “Academics are important. But if you dont have emotional (情感的) intelligence, you wont be as successful in work or in your love life,” she says.Whats the best way to up your EQ (情商）? For starters, let down your guard and really listen to others. 75 To really develop empathy, youd better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital, join a club or a team that has a diverse membership, have a “sharing circle” with your family, or spend time caring for pets at an animal shelter.A. Everyone is different, and levels of empathy differ from person to person.B. That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time, the researchers said.C. “One doesnt develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking,” Freed says.D. Humans learn by exampleand most of the examples on it are anything but empathetic.E. Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone elseboth what they think and how they feel.F. Good social skillsincluding empathyare a kind of “emotional intelligence” that will help you succeed in many areas of life.G. Having relationships with other people is an important part of being humanand having empathy is decisive to those relationships.答案2011：D E A F G 答案2012：B D G F C【阅读表达】【例1】阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后的字数要求)。1 Hello. Its one of the first words we learn as babies, yet its one of the last ones we think to use as adults. Thats unfortunate, because saying hello is more than just saying helloit is recognition of anothers worth. How might the world changehow might we changeif we mastered this word? To find out, I spent one month saying hello to every person I met. Heres what Ive learned.2 It can boost (促进) productivity. In one of the few studies ever done on this subject, Allan Allday, an assistant professor of special education at Oklahoma State University, had middle school teachers greet their students individually each morning. This exchange of greetings raised the kids productivity. School went from impersonal to personal, and that resulted in more class participation and better grades.3 Environments influence friendliness. One study found that people in the city were less likely to shake hands with a stranger than those in the countryside. And, researchers say, pleasant environments generally encourage more smiles and hellos than unpleasant ones. My experience was similar. Whatever the reason, my urban hellos were answered far less often than my rural ones. Similarly, people in vacation spots, like the Jersey Shore, were far friendlier than those hurrying to work downtown.4 Its a form of universal health insurance. Its impossible to say hello without smiling. And smiling has been shown to lower blood pressure, relieve stress and boost happiness. Apparently, a smile creates a similar effect in the recipient (接受者).5 So maybe we can make the world a better place by _. After a month of doing it, I feel lighter and more connected and I have a better sense of well-being.76.What does the author say about the adults according to Paragraph 1? (within 8 words) 77.Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?Teachers and students got friendlier so that the students became more active in learning and scored higher in tests. 78.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 5 with proper words. (within 5 words) 79.List three effects of smiling on health according to the text. (within 8 words) 80.Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese. 【例2】阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡上相应的位置上(请注意问题后的词数要求)。1 One out of many important things for the whole family to do is to have dinner together. Researchers began reporting the benefits of family dinner about a decade ago, focusing mainly on how it affects children. Studies show that those families who eat dinner at least 3 or 4 times a week together benefit in many ways. 2 Eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships. Children have better grades at school and are better adjusted as teens and adults, and the entire family enjoys healthier nutrition. For many families, eating dinner together proves to be a good and effective way to reduce the risk of youth rates of addiction, and helps to raise healthier children. It is also a great time to share the events of the day, discuss news and ideas or just be together and enjoy each others company. 3 During dinner time parents have better opportunity to show that they care for their children. Sitting at the same table and sharing meals is where and when parents can find out more about their childrens school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life. When parents have all this information, they can better direct their kids toward positive things in life. They also have better chance to reduce the possibility that children will get involved with alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs. 4 However, family researchers say that the benefits of family dinner by no means can be considered as automatic. Parents can sit down to dinner with their kids every day and achieve nothing. _ if there is too much arguing going on, if there is no meaningful conversation or, what is even worse, if there is just plain silence during gathering. 76. What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 8 words) _77. Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one?By having dinner together family members can have free exchange of information and ideas and develop closer ties among them._78. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 8 words)_79. What information can parents probably get about their children at family dinner? (no more than 12 words)_80. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese._【完型填空】I first went to hear a live rock concert when I was eight years old. My brother and his friends were all 36 of a heavy metal group called Black Wednesday. When they 37 that Black Wednesday were going to perform at our local theatre, they all bought 38 for the performance. However, at the last minute, one of the friends couldnt go, so my brother 39 me the ticket. I was really 40 !I remember the buzz (嘈杂声) of excitement inside the theatre as we all found our 41 . After a few minutes, the lights went down and everybody became 42 . I could barely make out the stage in the 43 . We waited. Then there was a roar from the crowd, like an explosion, as the first members of the band 44 the stage. My brother leaned over and shouted something in my ear, but I couldnt 45 what he was saying. The first song was already starting and the music was as 46 as a jet engine. I could 47 the drum beats and the bass notes in my stomach.I cant recall any of the songs that the band played. I just 48 that I really enjoyed the show and didnt want it to 49 . But in the end, after three encores (加演), the show finished. We left the 50 and walked unsteadily out onto the pavement. I fe