学术英语(社科)_Uint 4含答案.ppt

学术英语社科 AcademicEnglishforSocialSciences 4 Weliveinaworldtodaythatisincreasinglymorecomplex Whyarethelivingconditionsofourtimessodifferentfromthoseofearliertimes Howwillourliveschangeinthefuture Thesearethequestionsthatleadustothestudyofsociology TheStudyofSocietyandPeople Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople UnitContents Lead in TextA TextB Listening Speaking Writing Lead in TaskListentoatalktwiceandcompletethefollowingnotes Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople 1Thequestionsthespeakerraisesinthetalkare aWhydoeseveryone bWhycan tpeople cWhyisshespendinghermoney dWhydoesn tthegovernment eWhyisthestate ina fWhataboutthat 2Sociologistsstudy lookfor needanSUV carpool onlotterytickets investmoreinpublictransportation runningalottery conveniencestore cupofpremiumcoffeeyoubought socialpatternsthatmanypeopleshare organizedandgoverned rootcausesofsuchsocialpatternsinthewaysocietyis TextA CriticalreadingandthinkingDifficultsentencesEnglishlanguageforacademicpurpose SpecializedvocabularyCollocationsFormalandinformalEnglishSignpostlanguage Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople TextA CriticalreadingandthinkingofTextA Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople TextAnalysisHowdotheauthorsdevelopthetext TragicmassmurderatColumbineHighSchoolEthniccleansingWarinKosovoHowdotheauthorsdescribetheworldwelivetodayin awashwithchange markedbydeepconflicts tensions socialdivisions markedbythedestructiveonslaughtofmoderntechnology 1Introducethetopicofsociologybyusingtheexample TextA CriticalreadingandthinkingofTextA Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople TextAnalysis2Explainwhatissociology includingdefinition scope nature objectives content andfunctions Whatissociology Definition thestudyofhumansociallife groups andsocieties Widescopeofsociologicalstudy rangingfromtheanalysisofpassingencountersbetweenindividualonthestreettotheinvestigationofglobalsocialprocesses Howdotheauthorsdevelopthetext TextA CriticalreadingandthinkingofTextA TextAnalysis Usingtheexampleoflovetoillustratethenatureandobjectivitiesofsociology Loveexpressesamutualphysicalandpersonalattachmenttwoindividualsfeelforoneanother Fallinginloveisanexperiencearisingfromuniversalhumanemotions Howdotheauthorsdevelopthetext Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople 2Explainwhatissociology includingdefinition scope nature objectives content andfunctions TextA CriticalreadingandthinkingofTextA TextAnalysis Romanticlove Para7 Amongbothrichandpoor thedecisionofwhomtomarrywasmadebyfamilyandkin e g India Para8 Howeverfallinginloveisnotanexperiencemostpeopleacrosstheworldhave andhavingnoconnectionwithmarriage e g IntheMiddleageandforcenturiesafterward Para 6 Howdotheauthorsdevelopthetext Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople 2Explainwhatissociology includingdefinition scope nature objectives content andfunctions TextA CriticalreadingandthinkingofTextA TextAnalysis Content Sociologystudieshumanlifeandsocialandhistoricalinfluencesonit Sociologyshowstheneedtotakeamuchbroaderviewofwhyweareasweare andwhyweactaswedo Howdotheauthorsdevelopthetext Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople 2Explainwhatissociology includingdefinition scope nature objectives content andfunctions TextA CriticalreadingandthinkingofTextA TextAnalysis parisonbetweencommonpeopleandsociologistsinexplainingthemassmurder Howdotheauthorsdevelopthetext Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople 2Explainwhatissociology includingdefinition scope nature objectives content andfunctions TextA CriticalreadingandthinkingofTextA TextAnalysis Functionssociologyserves showustheneedtolookbeyondthesurfaceofpeople sactionsandstudythesocialcontext teachustotrytoidentifygeneralpatternsofbehaviorandbesystematicinexplainingthesocialinfluencesonthesepatterns Howdotheauthorsdevelopthetext Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople 2Explainwhatissociology includingdefinition scope nature objectives content andfunctions TextA CriticalreadingandthinkingofTextA TextAnalysisHowdotheauthorsdevelopthetext 3Explainhowtothinksociologically Howtothinksociologically cultivatethesociologicalimagination That stosay Thinkourselvesawayfromthefamiliarroutinesofourdailylivesinordertolookatthemanew Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople TextA Difficultsentences Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople passingencounters Para 3 ashortaccidentalmeetingTheopinionsofprospectivemarriagepartnersarequiteoftentakenintoaccount butbynomeansalways Para 8 InIndia whenparentsarrangemarriagestheyoftenlistentotheopinionsoftheirchildren butsometimestheyjustdonotconsidertheirchildren swishes TextA Difficultsentences Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople Neitherromanticlove then noritsassociationwithmarriage canbeunderstoodas given featuresofhumanlife Rather ithasbeenshapedbybroadsocialandhistoricalinfluences Para 9 Nowadaystheideaofromanticloveanditsassociationwithmarriageistakenforgrantedasifithasalwaysbeenlikethat Infactitisnotalwaysthecaseandhassufferedchangesthroughouthistory TextA Difficultsentences Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople Asociologistissomeonewhoisabletobreakfreefromtheimmediacyofpersonalcircumstancesandputthingsinawidercontext Para 13 结合最后一句理解 Asociologistmustlearntodetachhimself herself to thinkourselvesaway inordertoobservethingsinacontextwiderthanhis herownpersonalsituationsandarriveatfreshunderstandings Specializedvocabulary socialdivisionsocialbeingintellectuallifehumanemotionsocialclass TextA Englishlanguageforacademicpurpose Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople 社会分工 社会人 精神生活 人类情感 社会阶级 Specializedvocabulary 人类社会生活全球社会进程婚姻幸福公共场所社会环境行为模式文化背景 TextA Englishlanguageforacademicpurpose Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople globalsocialprocess maritalhappiness publicplaces socialcontext patternsofbehavior culturalbackground humansociallife Collocations TextA Englishlanguageforacademicpurpose beawashwithcontrolourdestinyshapeourlivesbeskepticalofintheformofmarriagekeeppropertyinthehandsoffamilyinprivateintheaftermathofeasyavailabilityofsth awidearrayofevidence Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople Signpostlanguage ListingItpresentsalistofitemsinnospecificorder TextA Englishlanguageforacademicpurpose Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople DothetaskonPage76 FormalandinformalEnglish TextA Englishlanguageforacademicpurpose Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople SeePage76 Task1Thetreediagrambelowshowshowtheauthorsdevelopthetextaboutthestudyofsociology Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext TextA Suggestedanswers Criticalreadingandthinking Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople Usingtheexampleof massmurderatColumbineHighSchool Thestudyofsociology Introducingthetopicofsociology Task1Thetreediagrambelowshowshowtheauthorsdevelopthetextaboutthestudyofsociology Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext TextA Suggestedanswers Criticalreadingandthinking Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople Sociologyisthestudyof Usingtheexampleof toillustratethe ofsociology love natureandobjectives Thestudyofsociology Whatissociology humansociallife groups andsocieties Task1Thetreediagrambelowshowshowtheauthorsdevelopthetextaboutthestudyofsociology Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext TextA Suggestedanswers Criticalreadingandthinking Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople Sociologystudies influences Thestudyofsociology Whatdoessociologystudy socialhistorical Task1Thetreediagrambelowshowshowtheauthorsdevelopthetextaboutthestudyofsociology Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext TextA Suggestedanswers Criticalreadingandthinking Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople Sociologyshowspeopletheneedto Sociologyteachespeopleto andbesystematicinexplaining behavioralpatterns Thestudyofsociology Whatfunctiondoessociologyserve people sactions lookbeyondthesurfaceof identifygeneralpatternsofbehavior thesocialinfluencesonthese Task1Thetreediagrambelowshowshowtheauthorsdevelopthetextaboutthestudyofsociology Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext TextA Suggestedanswers Criticalreadingandthinking Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople Cultivate thinkourselvesaway from themanew Thestudyofsociology Howtothinksociologically theimagination thefamiliarroutinesofourdailylivesinordertolookat Task2Answerthefollowingquestions TextA Suggestedanswers Criticalreadingandthinking Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople 1Howdoestheauthordescribetheworldweliveintoday 2WhydoestheauthorraisethethreequestionsinParagraph2 3Whydopeoplefallinloveaccordingtotheauthors 4WhydidmenandwomenmarryintheMiddleAges Theauthordescribesthattheworldweliveintodayisintenselyworrying yetfullofthemostextraordinarypromiseforthefuture Theauthorwantstoshowuswhatistheprimeconcernofsociology Becauseloveexpressesmutualphysicalandpersonalattachmenttwoindividualsfeelforoneanother Mainlyinordertokeeppropertyinthehandsoffamilyortoraisechildrentoworkthefamilyfarm Task2Answerthefollowingquestions TextA Suggestedanswers Criticalreadingandthinking Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople 5Wheredidromanticlovemakeitsfirstappearance 6Howweretherelationsbetweenhusbandandwifeamongaristocraticgroups Itsfirstappearancemadeincourtlycircles Therelationsarecoolanddistant Task2Answerthefollowingquestions TextA Suggestedanswers Criticalreadingandthinking Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople 7Whatisbasictothesociologicaloutlook 8WhatarethedifferencesbetweenordinarypeopleandsociologistsinexplainingthemassmurderatColumbineHighSchool Understandingthesubtleyetcomplexandprofoundwaysinwhichourindividuallivesreflectthecontextsofoursocialexperienceisbasictothesociologicaloutlook Ordinarypeople sexplanationsfocusonthesocialcausesofviolenceintheUnitedStates whereassociologistscanbringanevendeeperunderstanding Forexample sociologistsmightstudyothermassmurdersandconsideriftherewasapatterninthegroupcharacteristics Task3InParagraph12 theauthorsroughlyexplainhowasociologistwouldstudytheColumbineHighSchoolmassacre Supposeyouwereasociologist workinpairsandexaminethecase Youmay TextA Suggestedanswers Criticalreadingandthinking Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople 1SearchtheInternetformoreinformationaboutthemassmurder theU S younggeneration theirlivingconditionsetc 2Explorethecaselikeasociologist 3Haveadiscussionaboutitwithyourpartner 4Reportyourfindingstotheclass Task4ConsiderthesimpleactofaChinesedrinkingacupofcoffee Workinpairsandexplorethebehaviorfromasociologist sview Thinkabout TextA Suggestedanswers Criticalreadingandthinking Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople Whatiscoffee Whatdoesitsymbolize Coffeeisnotjustarefreshment Itpossessessymbolicvalueaspartofourday to daysocialactivities Oftentheritualassociatedwithcoffeedrinkingismuchmoreimportantthantheactofconsumingthedrinkitself Twopeoplewhoarrangetomeetforcoffeeareprobablymoreinterestedingettingtogetherandchattingthaninwhattheyactuallydrink Task4ConsiderthesimpleactofaChinesedrinkingacupofcoffee Workinpairsandexplorethebehaviorfromasociologist sview Thinkabout TextA Suggestedanswers Criticalreadingandthinking Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople Whataretherelationsbetweencoffeedrinkersandthepeopleinvolvedintheproduction transport anddistributionofcoffee Anindividualwhodrinksacupofcoffeeiscaughtupinacomplicatedsetofsocialandeconomicrelationshipsstretchingacrosstheworld Theproduction transport anddistributionofcoffeerequirecontinuoustransactionsbetweenpeoplethousandsofmilesawayfromthecoffeedrinker Studyingsuchglobaltransactionsisanimportanttaskofsociology sincemanyaspectsofourlivesarenowaffectedbyworldwidesocialinfluencesandcommunications Task4ConsiderthesimpleactofaChinesedrinkingacupofcoffee Workinpairsandexplorethebehaviorfromasociologist sview Thinkabout TextA Suggestedanswers Criticalreadingandthinking Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople WhatdoestheChinesepeople sactofsippingacupofcoffeeremindyouof e g socialandeconomicdevelopment Westernlifestyles originofcoffeeetc Theactofsippingacupofcoffeepresumesawholeprocessofpastsocialandeconomicdevelopment Alongwithothernow familiaritemsofWesterndiets liketea bananas potatoes andwhitesugar coffeeonlybecamewidelyconsumedfromthelate1800s AlthoughthedrinkoriginatedintheMiddleEast itsmassconsumptiondatesfromtheperiodofWesterncolonialexpansionaboutacenturyandahalfago Languagebuilding up TextA Suggestedanswers Task1Specializedvocabulary TranslatethefollowingsociologicaltermsfromEnglishintoChineseorviceversa Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople 1socialdivision2socialbeing3intellectuallife4humanemotion5socialclass6人类的社会生活 社会分工 社会人 精神生活 人类情感 社会阶级 humansociallife Languagebuilding up TextA Suggestedanswers Task1Specializedvocabulary TranslatethefollowingsociologicaltermsfromEnglishintoChineseorviceversa Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople 7全球的社会进程8婚姻幸福9公共场所10和他人交往11社会环境12行为模式13文化背景 socializewithothers globalsocialprocess maritalhappiness culturalbackground publicplaces socialcontext patternsofbehavior Languagebuilding up TextA Suggestedanswers Task1Specializedvocabulary Completethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectformofthetermsinthebox Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople culturalbackgroundintellectuallifemaritalhappinesspatternofbehaviorpublicplacesocialclass 1Thisstudyexaminestheeffectsof ontheacceptationofinformationandcommunicationstechnologyindevelopingcountries 2 isajudgmentmadebyaspousethatindicatesthesenseofwell beingorsatisfactionheorsheexperiencesinthemaritalrelationship 3Whensociologiststalkof theyrefertoagroupofindividualswhooccupyasimilarpositionintheeconomicsystemofproduction culturalbackground Maritalhappiness socialclass Languagebuilding up TextA Suggestedanswers Task1Specializedvocabulary Completethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectformofthetermsinthebox Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople culturalbackgroundintellectuallifemaritalhappinesspatternofbehaviorpublicplacesocialclass 4Ifweunderstandthatachildworkstoperfecttheadultsheorhewillbecome thenwemustlookatthe thatemergeinchildhoodasindicatorsoftheadultpersonality 5Itisnowcommonpracticeforsmokingtobebannedinworkplacessuchasofficesandinotherenclosed suchascinemas busesandtrains 6YaleLawSchoolenhancesthe ofitsacademiccommunitybysponsoringavarietyofcenters programs andworkshops inspiredbytheinterestsofitsfacultyandstudents patternofbehavior publicplaces intellectuallife Languagebuilding up TextA Suggestedanswers Task2Signpostlanguage Completethesentenceswiththewordsandexpressionslistedabove Theremaybemorethanonecorrectanswer Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople 1Anewsecuritysystemwasinstalled extraguardswerehired 2 Iwouldliketothankallthosepeoplewhohelpedmaketheconferencesuchasuccess 3 catchingerrors object orientedsystemscansheltertheuserfromthecomplexityofdealingwithlotsofdifferentkindsofdata 4 Jackwouldnotallowit and Idon tthinkmomwouldlikeitmucheither Inaddition Finally Inadditionto second First Languagebuilding up TextA Suggestedanswers Task2Signpostlanguage Completethesentenceswiththewordsandexpressionslistedabove Theremaybemorethanonecorrectanswer Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople 5Herearesomequickhintsthatcanhelpmakerevisioneasier setyourfirstdraftasideforawhile Youcanthencomebacktothedraftwithafresh moreobjectivepointofview inrevisingapaper youshouldreadandrereaditseveraltimes foritisimpossibletonoticealltheerrorsandthingsthatneedchanginginoneortwohastyreadings asyoureadyourpaper addyourthoughtsandchangesabovethelinesorinthemarginsofyourpaper Yourwrittencommentscanserveasaguidewhenyouworkonthenextdraft Finally First Second Languagebuilding up TextA Suggestedanswers Task3FormalEnglish Replacetheunderlinedwordsinthefollowingsentenceswiththeonesthataremoredaily life 1Romanticlovefirstmadeitsappearanceincourtlycirclesasacharacteristicofextramaritalsexualadventuresindulgedinbymembersofthearistocracy appeared Key 2Abriefexamplewillprovideaninitialtasteofthenatureandobjectivesofsociology Key goals 3Thetheorymightassertthathighinflationariseswhenthegovernmentprintstoomuchmoney Key appears Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople Languagebuilding up TextA Suggestedanswers Task3FormalEnglish Replacetheunderlinedwordsinthefollowingsentenceswiththeonesthataremoredaily life 4Sociologydemonstratestheneedtotakeamuchbroaderviewofwhyweareasweare andwhyweactaswedo shows Key 5SomecountriesareindustrializingandmaysuffersomeofthedisruptionsthatanalogouspartsoftheWestencounteredatsimilarstagesoftheirdevelopmentearlyinthe20thcentury Key met 6Learningtothinksociologically looking inotherwords atthebroaderview meanscultivatingtheimagination Key developing Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople Languagebuilding up TextA Suggestedanswers Task3FormalEnglish Replacetheunderlinedwordsinthefollowingsentenceswiththeonesthataremoredaily life 7 weneedtoimagine forexample whattheexperienceofsexandmarriageislikeforpeople themajorityofhumankinduntilrecently towhomidealsofromanticloveappearalienorevenabsurd strange Key 8Studyingsociologycannotbejustaroutineprocessofacquiringknowledge Key gaining 9Thesociologicalimaginationrequiresus aboveall to thinkourselvesaway fromthefamiliarroutinesofourdailylivesinordertolookatthemanew Key inanewway Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople TextB CriticalreadingandthinkingDifficultsentencesEnglishlanguageforacademicpurpose Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople TextB Criticalreadingandthinking Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople TextAnalysis Whatisthemainreasonaccordingtosociologists Thesociologicaldebate thegenderpaygap Sexsegregationorgendertyping TextB Criticalreadingandthinking Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople TextAnalysis Sexsegregation thefactthatmenandwomenareconcentratedindifferentoccupationse g In1989jobsthatwereover80percentfemaleandjobsthatwereover80percentmakeareasfollows TextB Criticalreadingandthinking Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople TextAnalysis Thegendercompositionofajobisassociatedwiththepayreceivedforthatjob Jobspaylessiftheycontainahigherproportionoffemales AnEqualPayActin1963hasdonelittletoeradicatepaydifferencesattributabletogender TextB Criticalreadingandthinking Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople TextAnalysis Howoccupationalsegregationleadstoagendergapinpay Sociologistsandeconomistsdifferintheirexplanations TextB Criticalreadingandthinking Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandPeople TextAnalysis TextB Difficultsentences Thereasonthatsexsegregationisproblematicisbecausethegendercompositionofajobisassociatedwiththepayreceivedforthatjob Para 4 Ifthereissexsegregationinoccupationsthenthepayreceivedforcertainjobsarenotbasedontheintrinsicvalueoftheworkbutonthegendercomposition thatistosay ifanoccupationispredominantlyfemale thejobsarepaidless Unit4TheStudyofSocietyandP