[中考必杀技]英语冠词必备超级精品.doc

中考必杀技英语冠词必备超级精品一、中考知识点梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点冠词分为不定冠词(a, an )和定冠词 (the)一、 不定冠词的用法 1) 用与可数名词的单数形式前,指人或事物的某一种类：例如： She is a girl. Pass me an apple , please. 2)、指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物。例如： A boy is waiting for you We work six days a week. 3). 表示 “一”这个数量,但数的概念没有one 强烈.例如: We are going to have an English lesson tomorrow. I have a mouth , a nose, two eyes and two ears. 4). 用于某些固定的词组中.例如: a few, a little, a lot of注: 用a 还是an, 要看后面的词读音以辅音开头还是以元音开头.二、定冠词的用法 1) 特指某(些)人或某(些)物.例如: the photo of the boy 2) 指双方都知道的人或物.例如: -Where are the new books, Jim? - They are on the small table. 3) 指上文提过的人或物.例如: Today he is making a machine. He wants to ride the machine like a bike and fly it like a plane. 4). 用在世界上独一无二的事物前.例如: The sun is bigger than the moon. 5). 用在序数词或形容词最高级前.例如: The first truck is carrying a few baskets. The third one is carrying the fewest of all.6). 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前.例如: the Great Wall the North Street Hospital7). 用在一些习惯用语中.例如: in the morning (afternoon, evening), on the left(right) at the end of三、不用冠词的情况 1）在专有名词前和不可数名词前。例如：China, Grade Two, Bill Smith, milk 2）名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, any 等代词。例如： The letter is in her pocket.I think the shop is closed at this time of day. 3）复数名词表示一类人或事物时。例如： My father and mother are teachers.I like cakes. 4）在星期、月份、季节、节日前。例如： It is Sunday (Monday, Tuesday, etc.) Today is Mid-Autumn Day.It is cold in winter. 5）在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。例如： Uncle Wang likes making things.What colour are Mrs. Greens shoes? 6）在三餐饭和球类运动的名称前。例如： He went to school after breakfast. Can you play basketball?注： 在某些固定词组中，如：at home, by bus, go to school 等的名词前不用冠词。二、典例精析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1. Tom owns _ larger collection of _ books than any other student in our class. A. the; 不填 B. a; 不填C. a; the D. 不填; the答案：B. 因为collection (收藏品，收集物) 是可数名词，此处为单数，又不是特指，所以用不定冠词；books是名词复数表示种类，而非特指，所以不用冠词。又如：a fine collection of paintings精美的绘画收藏品。2. For a long time they walked without saying _ word. Jim was the first to break _ silence.A. the; a B. a; the C. a; 不填 D. the; 不填答案：B. word (话、话语) 是可数名词，without saying a word意为“没说一句话”；虽然silence (沉默)是不可数名词，但此处是特指前面提到的那种沉默，所以用the。3. When he left _ college, he got a job as _ reporter in a newspaper office.A. 不填；a B. 不填；the C. a ; the D. the ; the答案：A. 因为school, college, university, hospital, prison, church, table, bed名词等指其用途时，不用冠词。leave college意为“大学毕业”。又因为表示职业或身份的单数名词前通常要用不定冠词，所以选A。4. If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off _ .A. a price B. price C. the price D. prices答案：C. price前加定冠词表特指。句意为“如果你买10个以上，他们会从那个价钱中减掉20便士”。5. _ on-going division between English-speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is _ major concern of the country.A. The; 不填 B. The; a C. An; the D. An; 不填答案：B. 因为division后有介词短语betweenand的限制，这是特指的，所以要用the。又因为concern作“所关切的事”解是可数名词，所以前面要用冠词。6. The Wilsons live in _ A-shaped house near the coast. It is _ 17th century cottage.A. the , / B. an, the C. /, the D. an, a答案：D. 因为house和cottage都是可数名词，且都不是特指，所以都用不定冠词。句意是“威尔逊一家住在大海附近的一栋A形房子里，那是一座17世纪建的别墅”。7. When you come here for your holiday next time, dont go to _ hotel; I can find you _ bed in my flat.A. the; a B. the; 不填 C. a; the D. a; 不填答案：A. 从next time可知，对方这次住了旅馆，第一空的hotel就是特指这个旅馆，所以用the；第二空的单数可数名词bed不是特指的，所以用不定冠词。句意是：你下次来这里度假，就不要到这旅馆来住了，我在我的公寓里帮你弄张床。8. When you finish reading this book, you will have _ better understanding of _ life. A. a, the B. the, a C. /, the D. a, /答案：D. 虽然understanding是不可数名词，但作“了解、理解”解时，却常常要加不定冠词(尤其是当其前有形容词修饰时)，排除B和C。又因为life作“生活、人生”解，是不可数名词，不是特指，不用冠词。have a better understanding of life指“对生活有更深刻的理解”。9. It is _ world of wonders _ world where anything can happen.A. a, the B. a, a C. the, a D. 不填, 不填答案：B. 虽然通常说the world，但world有定语修饰时，表示“一个的世界”时，要用不定冠词。题中两个world都有定语修饰，后者是前者的同位语，所以两个都用不定冠词。句意是：这是一个奇妙的世界，一个什么事都有可能发生的世界。10. The most important thing about cotton in history is _ part that it played in _ Industrial Revolution.A. 不填；不填 B. the；不填 C. the; the D. a; the答案：C. 因part后面有一定语从句修饰，是特指，用the；又因为“工业革命”是由普通名词构成的专有名词，所以前面也要用the。11. While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made _ discover which completely changed _ mans understanding of colour.A. a不填 B. athe C. 不填the D. thea答案：A. 因为discovery作“被发现的事物”讲是可数名词，前面用不定冠词，又如，make an important discovery scientific discovery (作出重大的科学发现)。man作“人、人类”解，是既没有复数形式，也不能在前面加冠词的，understanding前又受名词所有格mans修饰，也不能用冠词，所以第二空不用冠词。12. Id like _ information about the management of your hotel, please.Well, you could have _ word with the manager. He might be helpful.A. some, a B. an, some C. some, some D. an, a答案：A。information 是不可数名词，前面不用冠词，因此排除 B 和 D；have a word with是固定短语，意为“和某人谈一下”。句意为“我想请你帮我看一下旅馆的管理材料”。“好的，你可以和饭店经理谈，他会帮你的”。13. Many people agree that _ knowledge of English is a must in _ international trade today.A. a; / B. the; an C. the; the D. /；the答案：A。此题考查不定冠词和不用冠词的情况。抽象名词knowledge前加不定冠词a使其具体化，a knowledge of English意为“懂英语”；而international trade是泛指，意为“国际贸易”，前面不用冠词。句意为“很多人认为懂英语是当今国际贸易所必需的”。14. Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning.Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere().A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a 答案：D。此题在特定语境中考查不定冠词的用法。第一句句意为“你看见一支钢笔吗？”是泛指，用不定冠词。第二空“是黑色的吗？”不是二次提及上文的钢笔，也是泛指，故也用不定冠词。15. Paper money was in _ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in _ thirteenth century.A. the; 不填 B. the; the C. 不填; the D. 不填; 不填答案：C。(be) in use是固定词组,意为“在使用中”；第二空是序数词前要加定冠词，the thirteenth century 指第13世纪。句意为“十三世纪马可波罗访问中国时，中国已用纸币”。16. Most animals have little connection with _ animals of _ different kind unless they kill them for food.A. the; a B. 不填; a C. the; the D. 不填; the答案：B。animals 是名词复数表示泛指，不用冠词；kind是单数可数名词，ofkind“种类的”。根据句意“多数动物与另一类的动物没有关系，除非它们以其为食”。可指应用a表示泛指。17. Jumping out of _ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _ exciting experience.A. 不填, the B. 不填, an C. an, an D. the, the答案：C。句意为“从一万英尺高的飞机里跳出来是一次非常激动人心的经历”。airplane表泛指，以元音开头用an；experience当“经历”讲时是可数名词，因此表示“一次经历”要加不定冠词。18. The sign reads “In case of _ fire, break the glass and press _ red button. ”A. / ; a B. / ; the C. the; the D. a; a答案：B。fire泛指“火灾,失火”，不用冠词；red button 是特指，第二空用 the。句意为“那块牌子上写着：“万一失火，打碎这块玻璃，按那个红色按钮”。19. On _ news today, there were _ reports of heavy snow in that area.A. the; the B. the; 不填 C. 不填；不填 D. 不填；the答案：B。第一空用the表示特指“今日的新闻”；第二空reports是复数名词表泛指，不加冠词。句意为“在今天的新闻中有关于那个地区的大雪的报道”。20. We often have sports after class, and I like to play _ basketball. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 答案：D。该题考查的是冠词的用法。球类运动之前不加冠词，因此应选D。21. This is _ song Ive told you about. Isnt it _ beautiful one? A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the 答案：C。该题考查的是冠词的用法。第一个空是特指，特指我给你说过的那首歌，第二个空是表示某一个类别。所以应选C。22._ lady over there is _ university teacher. A) A, theB) The, anC) The, aD) The, the 答案：C“over there”意为“那边的”，是后置定语，它表示前面名词“lady”（女士）是“确指”的说法，因此要加上定冠词“the”。后半句意为“一位大学教师”，是泛指的说法，因此要加上不定冠词“a”或“an”。由于“university”的读音起始于辅音“j”，因此要加定冠词“a”。所以本题答案应该选“C”。23. He prefers playing _ piano to playing _ hockey. A) the, the B) the, /C) / , /D) / , the 答案：B“piano”意为“钢琴”，属于乐器，要求前面加定冠词“the”。后半句中“hockey”意为“曲棍球”，属于球类活动，要求不加任何冠词。所以本题答案应该选“B”。24. Mr. Black was made _ manager of our company. A) / B) a C) anD) the 答案：A“manager”表示被选的职位，前面不应加任何冠词。所以本题答案应该选“A”。 此外，冠词还有许多特殊的用法： 1. 由普通名词组成的专有名词前，要加定冠词，如：the Great Wall（长城） 2. 在拼音名词前，一般不加任何冠词，如：Thomas Green；Changfeng Park 3. 在江、河、湖、海前，即使是拼音名词，也要加定冠词“the”，如：the Dongting Lake 4. 一般用“单数名词加a；复数名词不加the”来表示“泛指”的意思。25.He gave my sister useful book yesterday.A. an B. a C. / D the答案:B useful的第一个音素为ju故选B。26.My brother is honest boy， so he has many friends.A. a B. an C. the D /答案:B honest的第一个音素为元音。三、必考知识预测1、 根据对冠词部分全国各地中考试题的分析可知，今后该部分考点主要分布在单项选择、完形填空和短文改错三大题型之中。冠词和数词部分主要考查的有：2、 不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词的基本用法。3、 冠词常见的习惯搭配用法。4、 部分物质名词抽象名词具体化之后的冠词用法。5、 冠词的位置考查不定冠词an的用法，an用在元音音素的前面，a用在辅音因素的前面。例如：useful universityhonest hour等单词前。另外，定冠词用于形容词、副词最高级或序数词前。但当序数词不表顺序，而表示“再一”、“又一”时，使用不定冠词。用作宾语、补语、同位语表示独一无二的职位、头衔的名词前通常用零冠词。常见的名词有：president，chairman， mayor，head，secretarymonitor，等等。例如：In 1860，Abraham Lincoln was elected president of the United Statesman意为“人类”，word意为“消息”时，其前使用零冠词。四、高分考点除了useful university honest hour等单词以外，还有以下五方面要特别注意1.一周中的七天，一年中的月份不用冠词。例：We have Mr. Lees class on Wednesday.我们周三有李先生的课。例：Christmas Day is on 25th of December.圣诞节是12月25日。2.节日不用加冠词。例：Easter 复活节 National Day 国庆节但如果节日中有festival，通常须加上冠词。例：the Spring Festival 春节3.四季名称可加the，也可以不加the， 但是在in the fall 中的the不能省略。例：Spring/The spring comes earlier this year.春天今年来得早一些。4.last+表示时间的名词不加冠词。例：last Wednesday 上个星期三 last week 上周 last month 上个月last year 去年 last century 上个世纪5.下列表示时间的词与介词 at连用时不加冠词。例：at noon 在正午 at night 在夜里 at midnight 在午夜五、易错考点1. A spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers _ second.A. / B. the C. a D. an【解析】此题容易误选B。这是由于思维定势引起的，很多同学认为这里的second是序数词，前面应该用定冠词the修饰。其实，second是秒的意思。正确答案为C。2. _ India and China are of _ same continent.A. /; the B. The ; the C. /; / D. /; a【解析】此题容易误选D。这是由于受汉语思维的影响造成的，因为译成汉语时这句话的意思是印度和中国在同一个大洲，汉语里说同一个，在英语中要说the same，这就是此题的陷阱所在。正确答案为A。3.I once watched _ one-act play, which was played by _ 11-year-old boy.A. a, a B. an, an C. a, an D. an, a 几个干扰均有可能误选。【解析】最佳答案填C。第一空填 a，因为 one-act的第一个音是辅音不是元音；第二空填an，是因为 11的英文是eleven它的第一个音是元音不是辅音。类似以下各题的答案是 C 不是其他：4.“Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning.” “Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.”A. a, the B. the, the C. a, a D. the, a此题容易误选A，生搬硬套冠词用法规则：第一次提到某人或某事物用不定冠词，第二次再提到该人或该事物时用定冠词。【解析】最佳答案为C。第一空填a，比较好理解；而第二空填a是因为此句中的one 并非指前面提到的 pen，即这里的 one 与前面的 pen 并非同一事物，这从后面一句的 I think I saw it somewhere 可以清楚地知道。请比较下面一题： “Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning.” “Is it _ black one? I found it in the corner.”A. a, the B. the, the C. a, a D. the, a此题的最佳答案是 A不是C。请注意其后 I found it in the corner这一信息，它表明说明者是拿着笔在与对方说话。请再看一个类似的例子：“Have you seen _ new bike? I put it here just now.” “Is it _ white one? A boy has ridden it away.”A. a; a B. a; the C. the; the D. the; a此题答案选A，注意其后的 A boy has ridden it away 表明自行车已不在说话者身旁。5. My friend Mary is _ beautiful girl and _ girl everyone likes to work with.A. a, a B. a, the C. the, a D. the, the此题很容易误选B，认为第一次提到 girl 用不定冠词，第二次提到就应该用定冠词。【解析】最佳答案为A。句中第二次提到 girl 时并不是特指的，此句实为一省略句，补充完整为 My friend Mary is a beautiful girl and she is a girl everyone likes to work with. 六、答题要领冠词虽小，只有a，an和the三个，但却是历年各地中考必考语言点之一。就考查题型而言，以单项选择为主，有时在完形填空中出现。从命题意图看，以考查不定冠词a和an的用法区别、不定冠词和定冠词的用法区别为主。同时考查冠词的各种不同用法。冠词的考查重点包括不定冠词a和an的用法，定冠词the的用法和零冠词的用法等。其中，不定冠词与定冠词的用法区别以及在具体语言环境中冠词的应用是历年中考试题考查的热点，也是今后的考查方向冠词是英语特有的一个词类，虽然只有不定冠词a、an，定冠词the，以及不加任何冠词的“零”冠词这么几种情况，但在答题选择时，却常常把同学们弄得晕头转向。冠词的试题多出现在单项选择和短文改错中，分值不高。中考复习阶段，同学们练了大量的冠词试题，但中考中，还是会丢分，让同学们颇感头疼。要在考试中拿下冠词，必须要掌握好冠词的几个要领。一、冠词用以限定名词，是常见的一种“第一位限定词”在我们的汉语中，没有与冠词完全对应的词。因此，冠词的语法在我们的母语中往往是无法体会的。例如，汉语讲“刘翔是运动员”，如果照字面翻译成英文“Liu Xiang（刘翔） is（是） athlete（运动员）.”就犯了在athlete前未使用不定冠词an的错误。原因是athlete是可数名词单数，它在使用时需要用第一位限定词来限定。我们知道，第一位限定词包括冠词（a、an、the）、指示代词（this、that、these、those）、数词、形容词性物主代词（my、your、their等）以及一些可以用来限定名词的不定代词（many、another、some等）。冠词的考查，常常涉及到可数名词单数前面加冠词的问题。而对于可数名词的复数，要视句子情况，决定是否加限定词。例一：How about taking _ short break? I want to make _ callAthe；a Ba；the Cthe；the Da；a 答案D。句中的break 和call都是可数名词单数，要加不定冠词来限定。例二：Many people have come to realize that they should go on balanced diet and make _room in their day for exercise.A. a; 不填 B. the; a C. the; the D. 不填; a 答案A。注意第二个空后的名词room是不可数名词，前面不加冠词；make room for exercise是指“给锻炼留些空间。”例三：Mrs. Taylor has _ 8-year-old daughter who has _ gift for painting-she has won two national prizes.Aa; a Ban; the Can; a Dthe; a答案C。注意选择不定冠词会有两种情况：a用于以辅音音素开头的名词或有以辅音音素开头的单词作修饰语的名词之前；而an用于以元音音素开头的名词或有以元音音素开头的修饰语之前。这里说的是元音音素或辅音音素，而不是元音字母或辅音字母。如：one-eyed lion，European city，university library，useful book等前面要用不定冠词a；而hour，honest boy，X-ray等前面需要用不定冠词an。在例三这个题目里，“8”读eit，是元音开头，因此选an。七、考点趋势预测试题：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！A1.There is _ apple on the desk.A. a B .the C. an D./2.The girl under _ tree is my sister.A. a B .the C .an D./3.Mary is from _ USA.A. a B. the C. an D./4.He met _ friend of his on the road.A. a B .the C .an D./5.Mr Black will go back to England_.A .by air B .by a plane C. by trains D. at a train6.Yesterday I went to work on foot.A. /， / B ./， the C .the， / D. the， the7.There is “h” in the word “hour”， but “h”doesnt make a sound.A. a， a B. a， the C. the，an D .an. the8.Im going to see my mother. She is ill _.A. in hospital B. in the hospital C. in a hospital D. at a hospital9. We have three meals day. We have breakfast at 6：30 in morning every day.A. the， the， the B. the， /， the C. a， /， the D .a， the， the10.This is film Ive told you about several times.Its great. Ive never seen _ more moving one.A. a， a B. the， the C. the， a D. a， the11.Tina，could you please play piano for me while Im singing？With pleasure.A .a B. an C. the D. /12.I want to try again. Please give me third chance again.A .a B. the C. an D. /13. Whats the matter with you？I caught bad cold and had to stay in bed.A. a; / B. a; the C. a; a D. the; the14. sun is shining brightly.A. A B. An C. The D. /15. Swimming is in summer.A. a great fun B. great fun C. great funs D. great a fun参考答案：1-5CBBAA 6-10ADACC 11-15CAACBB1. Since tasting the excitement of _ big city life, she never wants to live in _ country again.A. the, the B. 不填，不填 C. the, 不填 D. 不填，the2. The operation is _ success and the patient is now out of _ danger.A. a, the B. a, 不填 C. 不填, the D. 不填，不填3. As _ writer, he was _ complete failure.A. a, a B. a, the C. 不填，不填 D. a, 不填4. How strange! These years my birthday always falls _.A. on the Sunday B. on a Sunday C. on Sunday D. at a Sunday5. This is _ best kind of _ pen you can get here.A. the, the B. the, a C. the, 不填 D. a, the6. As is known to us all, _ tiger is in _ danger of becoming extinct.A. the, a B. the, 不填 C. a, 不填 D. 不填, the7. He spent too much time talking on _ phone while we were all busy at _ work.A. the, 不填 B. a, 不填 C. 不填, 不填 D. the, the8. As _ unemployment is very high at the moment, its very difficult for people to find _ work.A. the, 不填 B.不填，不填 C. the, a D. an, the9. Apartments in cities can be quite high. Renters are paying up to $1,000 per month for _ bedroom apartment.A. one a B. the one C. one D. a one10. The education of _ young is always _ hot and serious topic.A. 不填, 不填 B. the, a C. 不填, the D. the, 不填11. I often have conversations with John over _ telephone, while keep in touch with Tom by _ letter.A. 不填；the B. 不填；a C. the；不填 D. the; a12. -John has put forward _ most challenging question for us to answer.-Yes, it really is. I have never heard _ harder one.A. the; 不填 B. 不填; the C. the; the D. a; a13. What about _ school? It is as good, as anybody can see, _ school as No 1 Middle School Attached to Hunan Normal University.A. a; the B. the; a C. a; a D. the; the14. The market for _ used computers is getting larger and larger as_ years go on.A. 不填, 不填 B. the, 不填 C. the, the D. 不填, the15. Charley Oakley, _ NBA All-star, hasnt missed _ game in the past three years. I can hardly believe it.A. an; the B. a; the C. the; a D. an; a16. In the market, vegetables are sold by _ kilogram, I mean, by _ weight.A. the; 不填 B.不填; 不填 C. the; the D.不填；the17. Many people agree that _ knowledge of English is a must in _ international trade today.A. the, an B. a, 不填 C. the, the D. 不填, the18. The cakes are delicious. Id like to have _ third one as _ second one I ate was too small.A. the, the B. a, the C. the, a D. a, a19. _ England of thos