状语从句讲解.ppt

状语从句讲解 在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句 它可以用来修饰谓语 包括非谓语动词 定语或状语 或是整个句子 准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键 同时要注意主从句的时态呼应 考核要求 定义 类型 时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句条件状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句让步状语从句 连词 时间状语从句 掌握 1 when while as2 before after3 till until4 since5 assoonas immediately directly instantly themoment theinstant theminute 时间状语从句 when while as 三者可表示 当 时候 区别如下 1 若主句表示的是一个短暂性动作 从句表示的是一个持续性动作 三者都可用 Hefellasleepwhen while as hewasreading 2 若主 从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作 且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间 通常要用while Don ttalkwhileyou reeating Ikeptsilentwhilehewaswriting 时间状语从句 when while as 3 若主从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有 一边 一边 之意思 通常用as Shesangasshewentalong 4 若从句是一个短暂性动作 主句是一个持续性动作 可用as when但不用while Itwasraininghardwhen as wearrived 5 若主从句表示的是两个同时 或几乎同时 发生的短暂性动作 用as when Ithoughtofitjustwhen as youopenedyourmouth 就在你要说的时候 我也想到了 时间状语从句 when while as 6 若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况 随着 用as Thingsaregettingbetterandbetterastimegoeson Asitgrewdarker itbecamecolder 7 when可用作并列连词 表示 这时 突然 while也可以用作并列连词 表示 而 却 表示对比 但as则没有类似用法 Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain Helikescoffee whileshelikestea 时间状语从句 when while as 注意 当使用连接词when表示 时候 时 它所引导的从句中谓语动词用一般现在时或者一般过去时 不能用完成时态 when while和as都引导表示时间的状语从句 它们的区别在于动作发生的时间顺序 用when时 从句的动作可以与主句的同时发生或先于主句动作发生 用as时从句和主句动作同时发生 用while时从句和主句动作同时发生 也可表示持续一段时间 weweretalking Mr Smithscamein theycamehome Iwascookingdinner Iwasabouttogotobed Iheardsomeoneknockatthedoor 4 wewerewatchingTV hewasstudying 5 Heisfat hisbrotheristhin 6 shesang tearsrandownherface 用when while或as填空 While As When When when While while As 时间状语从句 before after Before在 之前 After在 之后表示主从句的动作先后发生1 当主句用将来时 从句总是用现在时 2 如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时 则主句动词多用过去完成时 3 After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后 主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反 时间状语从句 before after 1 Itwillbefourdaysbeforetheycomeback 2 MyfatherhadleftforCanadajustbeforetheletterarrived 3 Afteryouthinkitover pleaseletmeknowwhatyoudecide 4 Afterwehadfinishedthework wewenthome Before与after Finishyourhomework yougoouttoplay Hehadwalkedthreedays hefoundwater Itwasnotlong helefthishometown Before与after 4 Iplayedfootball I had finishedmyhomework5 PleasetellherI llcome Idosomeshopping 6 Itwillnotbelong wemeateachotheragain 时间状语从句 till until till和until一般情况下两者可以互换 但是在强调句型中多用until 注意 如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时 必须用否定形式 如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时 用肯定或否定形式都可以 但表达的意思不同 Ididn tgotobeduntil till myfathercameback ItwasnotuntilthemeetingwasoverthathebegantoteachmeEnglish Iworkeduntilhecameback 我工作到他回来为止 Ididn tworkuntilhecameback 他回来我这才开始工作 till与until 1 Helivedwithhisparents hegraduatedfromcollege 2 Thechildrenwon tcomehome it sdark 3 youtoldmeIhadnoideaofit 4 Not hetoldmedidIknowthetruth 5 Itwas thewarwasoverthathereturnedtohisland 时间状语从句 since since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词 又可以是瞬时动词 一般情况下 从句谓语动词用一般过去时 而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时 IhavebeeninBeijingsinceyouleft 区别 1 Itis since从 以来多长时间了Itisfiveyearssincewemetlasttime 2 Itis before 才 ItwasalongtimebeforeIwenttosleepagain 时间状语从句 一 就 assoonas immediately directly instantly themoment theinstant theminute IwillgotheredirectlyIhavefinishedmybreakfast 吃完早饭 我立即到那里去 ThemomentIheardthenews Ihastenedtothespot 我一听到消息 马上赶到了出事地点 AssoonasIreachCanada Iwillringyouup 我一到加拿大 就给你来电话 时间状语从句 一 就 hardly scarcely rarely when nosooner than主句用过去完成时 从句用一般过去时 当hardly scarcely rarely和nosooner位于句首时 主句应用倒装语序 Hehadnosoonerarrivedhomethanhewasaskedtostartonanotherjourney Nosoonerhadhearrivedhomethanhewasaskedtostartonanotherjourney I be athisbedsidesincehe become ill It be twoyearssincewe be universitystudents 一 就 hesawthemonster heturnedpale 填空 4 Thespyhad returnedhomethanhewastoldtogotoanothercountry 5 Wehad returnedhomewhenitrained 6 hadwebegunwhenweweretoldtostop 填空 1 当主句为将来时态或具有将来意义时 时间状语从句通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义 Turnoffthelightsbeforeyouleave Iwilltellhimassoonashearrives 2 与since从句搭配的主句的时态通常是现在完成时态 Hehaslivedheresince1999 WherehaveyoubeensinceIlastsawyou 时间状语从句 时态 改错题 Shewaswalkingonthestreetwhiletheaccidenthappened 2 IwillcallyouassoonasIwillfinishmyhomework 3 AfterthequeenknowsitisIthathelpyourunaway shewillkillme 4 Ihavefinishedthecompositionwhenthebellrang 1 IgotintouchwithCharles Ireceivedhisletter A whenimmediatelyB soonC immediatelyD suddenly2 Wewerejust callingyouup youcamein A about whenB onthepointof whileC onthepointof whenD onthepointof as 时间状语从句练习题 3 Mostofhisgreatnovelsandplayswerenotpublishedorknowntothepublic histragicdeathin1786 A evenbeforeB eversinceC untilafterD untilbefore4 Babiessleep16to18hoursinevery24hours andtheysleepless theygrowolder A whileB asC whenD after 时间状语从句练习题 5 DidyouremembertoreturnthebooktoourEnglishteacher Yes Igaveittohim Isawhim A onceB whileC ifD themoment6 AwarningnewsreportfromQatarannouncesthatagroupofIslamwillcontinuetokillAmericanswherevertheyare theyleavetheArabworldforever A eventhoughB incaseC wheneverD until 时间状语从句练习题 7 Itwillbefiveyears wemeetagain A sinceB untilC beforeD when8 Howcantheylearnanything theyspendalltheirsparetimewatchingTV A whereB whenC whileD but 时间状语从句练习题 要点 由连词where和复合关系词wherever nomatterwhere 引导 句型1 Where 地点从句 there 主句 注意 此句型通常译成 哪里 哪里就 主句在从句后面时 there可用可不用 如果主句在从句的前面时 一般都不用there 例如 Wherethereisnorain farmingisdifficultorimpossible Youshouldhaveputthebookwhereyoufoundit 地点状语从句 句型2 Anywhere wherever 地点从句 主句 注意 anywhere本身是个副词 但是 常可以引导从句 相当于连词 意思相似于wherever anywhere引导的从句可位于主句之前 也可以位于主句之后 而wherever本身就是个连词 表示 在何处 无论何处 Wherevertheseais youwillfindseamen 1 Wherethereisawill thereisaway 2 Whereveryougo Igotoo 地点状语从句 判断下列句子类型 1 Youwouldletyourchildrenplaywhereyoucanseethem 2 Youwouldletyourchildrenplayintheplacewhereyoucanseethem 1 Ihavebeenkeepingtheportrait Icanseeiteveryday asitalwaysremindsmeofmychildhoodinParis A sinceB whereC asD if2 Ilivethereareplentyofsheep saidtheboy pride A Where withB When inC That inD Why with 地点状语从句 练习题 3 Heseemedtohavebeenasleep soIsaidnothing butsat hewouldseeme waking A whether whenB that whenC which whereD where when4 Youcanstillfindbonesofthebirds theyusedtolive A inwhichB intheplaceC whereD that 地点状语从句 练习题 5 myfeetremainstandingabovethewaterlevel thereishope saidthecaptain A WhereB EvenifC WhileD Although 地点状语从句 练习题 主要连词 because as since forseeing that now that considering that 原因状语从句 1 Ididn tgotoschoolyesterdaybecauseIwasill 2 Sinceeverybodyishere let sbeginourmeeting 3 Asyouareinpoorhealth youshouldnotstayuplate 4 Iaskedhertostaytotea forIhadsomethingtotellher 原因状语从句 because as since for 1 because语势最强 用来说明人所不知的原因 回答why提出的问题 当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知 就用as或since Ididn tgo becauseIwasafraid Since Astheweatherissobad wehavetodelayourjourney 原因状语从句 because as since for 2 如果不是说明直接原因 起补充说明的作用 用for Heisabsenttoday forheisill Hemustbeill forheisabsenttoday 原因状语从句 because as since for 3 as和for的区别 通常情况下 as引导的从句在主句前 for引导的从句在主句后 例 Astheweatheriscold Istayathome Istayathome fortheweatheriscold 原因状语从句 because as since for 用because as since与for填空 Whyareyoucrying meg I vebrokenyournecklace mom 2 Iwenttobedearly Iwastired 3 Iwasnotkindtohim hewasrude 4 Ihadacold Iwasabsentfromschool 5 MymotherwasillandIsentforTom hewasadoctor 6 weareallhere let sbeginourclass 1 MayIgonow you vefinishedyourwork youmaygo A AfterB AlthoughC NowthatD Assoonas2 ithappenedtobeaniceday wedecidedtogotothebeach A WhenB BeforeC IfD Since 原因状语从句 练习题 主要的连词 sothat so that such thatHestudiedhardsothathepassedtheexam Hewassoangrythathecouldn tspeak Heshutthewindowwithsuchforcethattheglassbroke 结果状语从句 So adj a an n Such a an adj n 正 Heissocleverachildthatwealllikehim 这小孩很聪明