英语听力入门第三册第七单元.docVIP

Unit 7 Communications (1)Part Warming upA.key words:security安全Freedom from risk or danger; safety.安全：不受威胁或危险； megameg兆,百万online VCRVCR: Video Cassette Recorder录像机Vocabulary:haystackheistk干草堆A large stack of hay for winter storage in the open（户外）干草堆：放于户外备冬用的干草堆look for a needle in a haystack做没有希望的事, 海底捞针gigahertzgigh:ts千兆赫 1,000,000,000 periods per secondmegahertzmeg.h:ts兆赫one million periods per secondrender宣布To deliver or pronounce formally正式宣布：正式地交付或宣布：eg. The jury has rendered its verdict.陪审团已经作出了裁决Fast Search & Transfer (FAST)一个挪威软件研究集团Developer ForumIntel Developer Forum（英特尔信息技术峰会，简称IDF）是由英特尔公司主办的技术讲座，在美国、中国等7个地区举办，每年分秋冬举办两次。IDF主要由主题演讲、技术专题讲座以及技术展示组成，主题演讲的演讲者均是英特尔的高层人士，演讲的题目都具有相当的前瞻性，作为一家在处理器、网络处理器等领域处于领先地位的公司，IDF的确是让业界获悉英特尔最新动向的最佳场合。作为全球最负盛名的技术行业盛会之一，英特尔信息技术峰会(IDF)已经成为众多知名的技术专家和企业了解国际行业资讯、交流领先经验的超值平台。Palm Springs 棕榈泉 Palm Spring 沙漠里的绿洲patrol = search 搜查the human flesh search engine 人肉搜索coordinated ku:dinitidadj. 同等的,等位的;协调的,整合的,综合的Tapescript: 1. And British papers report the latest trend when you meet someone in a bar is to get their number, go home, and google them. Yes that gorgeous girl or guy you met the other night is probably patrolling a search engine right now to check you out. So dont even think of trying to tell them youre a famous footballer or brain surgeon or television presenter.2. The jamming, earlier this month, of several popular Internet sites with a flood of crippling messages sent a wakeup call to those involved with electronic or e-commerce. One recent suggestion is to form an industry-wide group to share information about security issues. High-tech executives want to make a coordinated effort to ensure that the Internet becomes a safe place to conduct business.3. Now home to some 800 million pages - a figure thats doubling each year - searching the Internet can be like looking for a needle in a haystack. But Oslo-based Fast Search & Transfer (FAST) has developed a search engine (www. ) capable of scanning more than 200 million pages. FAST is working on a megasearch engine that searches “all the web, all the time.”4. This week, the Intel Corporation held its semi-annual Developer Forum in Palm Springs, California. The gathering draws more than 2,000 hardware and software developers from around the world. Intel executives opened the event with a demonstration of a high-speed chip, code-named “Williamette.” The chip, designed to power personal computers, has a speed of one point five gigahertz, making it almost twice as fast as Intels popular Pentium chip which runs at 800 megahertz.5. An online VCR seems like a bright idea but its been quickly rendered non-functional by the copyright lawyers. Not for the first time, the Hollywood studios objected to re-transmitting network television show, in this case for users to watch via the web. Programs were being made available for visitors to save remotely or record for subsequent viewing via Windows Media Player.B. key words:redesign重新设计To make a revision in the appearance or function of修改的外形，修改的功能alleviate减轻To make (pain, for example) more bearable减轻：使（痛苦等）更易于忍受：eg. a drug that alleviates cold symptoms 一种减轻感冒症状的药品Vocabulary:zip code邮政编码A service mark used for a system designed to expedite the sorting and delivery of mail by assigning a series of numbers to each delivery area in the United States标明邮政编码于：美国的一种服务标志，通过给每个邮递区设定一系列数字使迅速完成邮件的分类和投递的而设计的一个系统donate捐赠To present as a gift to a fund or cause; contribute捐赠：作为礼物给某一基金或事业；贡献National Geographic 国家地理杂志National Geographic:l Helping choose the magazines coverl Interviewing the photographersl Showing more picturesl Providing zip U.S.A.Hunger Site:l Helping alleviate world hungerl Donating contributions to the United Nations World Food Program each time an individual logs on to the sitel Total value of distributed food: approximately $400,000Ask Jeeves Site:l Asking questions in simple Englishl Getting direct answersl Starting year: 1997Questions dealt with so far: more than 150 millionTapescript:1. National Geographic, the magazine, has redesigned its website with some new features. Among them, an opportunity for readers to help choose the magazines cover, interviews with National Geographic photographers, and lots and lots of pictures. More pictures in fact than there was room for in the print version. Theres also Zip U.S.A. , the feature you can find both online and in print. Its a focused look at one zip code in the U.S.2. Now, theres a website created to help alleviate world hunger called the Hunger Site. Contributions, generated when computer users visit the site on the Worldwide Web, are donated to the United Nations World Food Program. “The beauty of the site is that when the web surfer clicks on, they dont pay a penny.” This is Abby Spring, a world Food Program official. She says that funds to purchase the food come from corporate donors who make a financial contribution each time an individual logs on to Hungersite - thats one word - dot com. Abby spring says that so far, thanks to Hungersite dot com, the World Food Program has been able to distribute food valued at approximately $400,000.3. The Ask Jeeves Site on the Internet is one of the most useful Internet sites for asking questions in simple English and getting direct answers. Ask most search engines a question these days and they will return a result which gives thousands of pages for you to search. The Ask Jeeves Site gives you half a dozen where you can find the exact answer. The Ask Jeeves Site owners say they have dealt with more than 150 million questions since Ask jeeves was set up in 1997. Just this month, people were asking Jeeves the following questions: What are the latest scores for baseball? What is the address of the website for Coca-Cola? Where can I find a list of airfare travel bargains? Tell me the names of the top 20 universities and colleges in the U.S.Part The InternetA.key words:anarchy nki混乱Absence of any cohesive principle, such as a common standard or purpose混乱，无秩序：无任何凝聚性准则，如共同标准或目标asset set资源A useful or valuable quality, person, or thing; an advantage or a resource资源，优点：有用的或有价值的品德，人或事物；优势或资财eg. An agreeable personality is a great asset; proved herself an asset to the company.宜人的性格是一个很大的优点；证明她自己是公司的难得之材threat威胁An indication of impending danger or harm坏兆头：即将有危险或伤害的迹象One that is regarded as a possible danger; a menace威胁：一种被认为是可能的危险；一种危险Vocabulary:vague Not clearly expressed; inexplicit含糊的：没有明确表达的；不明确的Not thinking or expressing oneself clearly模糊的：没有思考清楚的或自我表达不清楚的clerical klerikl职员办事员， 文书的， 办公室工作的desktop 计算机 桌面1. Technology is moving from the desktop into our everyday life.2. The Internet is the worlds largest experimenting anarchy.3. Some languages will disappear.4. Economies are changing.Tapescript:A - Anchor P - Ned Potter S - SpecialistA: Were gonna take a closer look tonight again at the future of the Internet. Not that we have anything but the vaguest idea where its going in the long run. One of the truly fascinating and somewhat unsettling aspects of the Internet revolution is how many technologists and scientists say that the future may hold any number of surprises. So were going to inch our way into the future.P: At the Internet World Trade Show in New York, they see a future when the web is everywhere.S1: Technology is moving from the desktop into our everyday life.P: Imagine work, society, economics, relationships, all transformed, when anyone, anytime can get any message or knowledge or amusement they want, anywhere on the planet without so much as a wire.S2: In many ways, the Internet is the worlds largest experimenting anarchy, because all of a sudden, the citizens of the world are in charge, and no single government or governing body is in charge of what they do.P: Keep in mind that the web, transmitting by satellites, cell-phone, cable, goes through no one central location that anyone controls. So many of the boundaries that exist today, political and economic, will be strained as never before. Some scientists say three quarters of the worlds languages will disappear as the net connects isolated places. Already English is what you find on most web pages, blending cultures, no matter how much people try to save them. Economies are changing too. As distance becomes meaningless, white-collar clerical, accounting or administrative jobs are being exported to Asia, just as blue-collar factory jobs were years ago.S3: Imagine, there are 40 or 50 million Indians, not to mention the Chinese, who could deliver office work to the rich countries of the world for two dollars an hour.P: So this massive web f information is both an asset and a threat, changing cultures, economies, and governments, in ways no one can imagine or control.B.key words: compulsive kmplsiv强制的Having the capacity to compeleg. a frightening, compulsive novel一本令人欲罢不能的惊悚小说anonymity .nnimiti匿名The quality or state of being unknown or unacknowledged匿名，无名，姓氏不详：不被知道或认识的性质或状态Vocabulary:prone to prun倾向于 having a tendency eg. He was prone to anger. 他易于发怒。eg. The child is rather accident-prone. 那个小孩很容易出事儿.eg. People are more prone to make mistakes when they are tired. 人们疲劳时更容易出差错。beef up 口加强, 补充(人数, 兵力)等make strong or stronger(synonym)：strengthen, fortifyeg. The new evidence beefed up their case. 有了新的证据, 他们的理由更充足了.realtime 实时的(快速的)cyberfriendshipsaib- 网友1. How many people use the Internet in the U.S.? And what are the first three uses? Close to 100 million, increasing daily by tens of thousands / email, chat, e-commerce2. Are there people who are spending too much time online? 6% compulsively / millions / 6-9 hours a day3. Have you seen anything like this before? A new way / addiction4. Can Internet shopping go too far? Keep doing it / compulsive pattern5. Whats compelling about the Net? Feeling closer / more quickly / time passes freely / anonymity / no end6. How do people know when theyve gone too far? Alter mood on regular basis? / Interfering with life?7. Is there a personality type that is more prone to compulsive use? Dont know / tend to be younger / more addiction among people in technical field8. What should people do if they use the Internet compulsively? Limit amount of time / write down specific task / clock / limit access / monitor / beef up realtime relationships / go to store / log offTapescript:I - Interview G - Dr. David GreenfieldI: How many people use the Internet?G: Close to 100 million in the United States. And thats increasing daily by tens of thousands. Email and chat are by far the No. 1 and No. 2 uses. E-commerce sites come in third.I: Are there people who are spending too much time online/G: Based on my research, about 6 percent of people online are using the Internet compulsively. Even if weve overestimated, were talking millions. Its not that they just stay on for two hours. Im talking about people losing jobs, having marital problems, experiencing a very significant negative impact on their lives. The average among the most compulsive group was upward of six to nine hours online a day.I: Have you ever seen anything like this before?G: This isnt a new disease. Its a new way of expressing the same disease; addiction. People get addicted to lots of things that are pleasurable and intense. The Internet gives you that hit, a temporary high feeling, just like exercise or drugs.I: Can Internet shopping go too far?G: All addictions are the same, regardless of the stimulus. You shop because you get a high. The problem is, its so short-lived that you have to keep doing it. And thats where it can become a compulsive pattern.I: Whats compelling about the Net/G: We dont know for sure. But people feel closer, more quickly to the people they communicate with online than in real life; time passes freely, and people like the anonymity. With every other communication medium - newspapers, magazines, TV shows - there is a beginning and an end. But online, there is always another link, another banner, another person to answer that question.I: So how do people know when theyve gone too far?G: There are two things to ask: Are they using the Internet to alter their mood on a regular basis? And, is it interfering with their life in any way?I: Is there a personality type that is more prone to compulsive use?G: I dont know if Internet addicts are different from drug addicts or gambling addicts. We do know that they tend to be younger and there is a slightly higher incidence of addiction among people in the technical field.I: What should people do if they use the Internet compulsively?G: One solution is to limit the amount of time they spend online. Have a specific task you are going to do and write that down. Put a clock next to the screen so you can keep track of time. If you find yourself getting over-stimulated by some site, limit your access to it. Ask someone to monitor your use or put the computer in the family room or the living room, where other people can see you. Try to beef up your realtime relationships to compete with your cyberfriendships. If youre shopping too much, go to a store instead. If you cant control your use, you might have to just log off.Part Digital McLuhankey words:applicability n.适用性, 适应性relevance by virtue of being applicable to the matter at handone-wayMoving or permitting movement in one direction only单向的：允许朝或只能朝单方向运动的：eg. a one-way street单行道Providing for travel in one direction only单程的：单程旅行的：eg. a one-way ticket单程票two-wayAffording passage in two directions双向的：有两个方向的通道的：eg. a two-way street双向的街道Moving in two directions双通的：在两个方向运行的：eg. two-way traffic双向交通Vocabulary:stipulatestipjuleitTo lay down as a condition of an agreement; require by contract规定：作为合约的条件规定；按合同要求To guarantee or promise (something) in an agreement保证：在约定中保证或许诺vouchvat担保To give personal assurances; give a guarantee担保，保证：给予个人担保；给予保证：eg. vouch for an old friends trustworthiness担保一个老朋友可信任driveldrivl淌口水, 说傻话;胡说a worthless messagegemdem珍品, 宝石Something that is valued for its beauty or perfection珍品：由于其美丽或完美而被珍藏的东西：eg. a little gem of a book一本宝书eg. My secretary is an absolute gem. 我的秘书真是个难能可贵的人。xerox zirks v. 影印施乐(财富500强公司之一，总部所在地美国,主要经营办公设备)Summary:Marshall McLuhan, a communications expert from Canada, never touched a personal computer. But his research on the media and their effect on people and society remains relevant today. He was first thinker to really look at television as something that had a serious impact upon our society. Although he was writing about television, an enormous amount of what he said has even more applicability to the Internet age. He said that television was turning the world into a global village. And the notion of village becomes much more meaningful and real in our digital age. He saw a time when everyone would be a publisher with the help of the Xerox machine, and now the web is even expanding and amplifying that.Tapescript:I - Interviewer L - Paul Levinson Marshall McLuhan, a communications expert from Canada, never touched a personal computer. He died in 1979. But his research on the media and their effect on people and society remains relevant today. Paul Levinson, an American high-tech expert knew Professor McLuhan, and discusses his impact in a volume entitled Digital McHuhan: A Guide to the Information Millennium.I: Mr. Levinson, why is Marshall McHuhan such an important figure?L: Well, he did his writing in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. And those decades, of course, were the first years of television. And he was the first thinker to really look at television as something that had a serious impact upon our society. Interestingly, although he was writing about television, an enormous amount of what he said has even more applicability to the Internet age. For example, he said that television was turning the world into a global village. What he meant by that is when everyone watches the same thing on the television screen that group thats watching that television program is a community of sorts. Its like the people in a village all hearing and seeing the same thing. In contrast, now in the 1990s, as we move into the new millennium, when people communicate on the web, and through the Internet, they are not only doing an hearing and seeing the same thing, they are also participating, communicating among each other. And so, the notion of village becomes much more meaningful and real in our digital age. I: TV was a or is a one-way medium, whereas the Internet is two-way.L: Thats right. There is a crucial difference right there. Most media in the 20th century, in fact all the major media of the 20th century - radio, motion pictures, television - were and are like newspapers and books: one-way media. The telephone, which of course was invented in 1876, is a two-way medium. But, its a two-way personal medium. There is nothing public, or there shouldnt be much public about a telephone conversation. What makes the Internet so different is that it is public but it is also interactive and two-way.I: Marshall McLuhan saw a time when everyone would be a publisher. He was referring to the Xerox machine, the copying machine. Today, w