非谓语动词之不定式.doc

非谓语动词之不定式A. 动词不定式在句中的成分一、做主语1.To master English is very important for all of us.= It is very important for all of us to master English. 二、做表语1.All I did in the factory was (to) wash bottles.2.What I really wanted to do was drive all night.3.Our work is to take the water to the school. 三、做宾语1.The boy often pretends to do his homework when his mother comes back from work.2.I dont know where to go to find such a book. 四、做宾语补足语1.You should leave your child to solve this kind of problem for himself.2.The cruel man makes the child work 14 hours a day.= The child is made to work 14 hours a day. 五、做定语1.I have a daughter to look after.= I look after my daughter.2.The poor man has no place to live in 3.The book is very interesting to read.= Reading the book is very interesting.4.The next train to arrive is from New York.5.I have no wish to change. 六、做状语 1). 做目的状语 1. In order to catch the early bus, he has to get up early. 2. They study hard in order to (so as to) go to college. 2). 做结果状语1. She was too short to reach the top of the table. 3）. 做原因状语1. We were surprised to find him there. B. 动词不定式的复合结构 1. It is necessary for the students to learn form each other. 2. It is very kind of you to help me. C. 疑问代词+不定式 一、做主语 1. How to cope with the rising cost of living becomes a daily discussion topic. 二、做宾语 1. We must know what to say at a meeting. 三、做表语 1. The problem is where to find the financial aid. 四、做同位语 1. Tom had no idea which book to read first. 五、用于双重宾语 1. I can tell you where to get this book. D. 不定式的时态和被动语态1.They invited me to spend the summer holiday there.2.It is very nice to have known you.3.They are said to be picking up apples in the field.4.The book is said to have been translated into English. E. 省略to的不定式结构1. Who made you say so?2. The cruel man makes the child work 14 hours a day. = The child is made to work 14 hours a day.3. There is nothing you can do now but wait.4. I have no choice but to wait 5. We cant choose but wait. 【备注】1. I went to see him, only to find him out.2. He is too wise to solve it.3. I shall be only too glad to help you. master m:st? v. 精通，征服 factory f?kt?ri n. 工厂bottle b?tl n. 瓶子drive draiv v.开车，驱使 n.驾车 pretend pritend v. 假装，违称 solve s?lv v. 解答，解决 cruel kru?l a. 残酷的，残忍的 look after 照看，看管daughter d?:t? n. 女儿interesting intristi? a. 有趣的 catch k?t? v. 赶上，抓住college k?lid? n. 学院in order to 为了so as to 以便 short ?:t a. 矮的，短的reach ri:t? v. 到达，延伸，够到 surpriseds?praizd a.感到惊讶的 necessary nesis?ri a. 必要的learn from 向学习 cope k?up v. 对付，妥善处理rising raizi? a. 上升的，高涨的daily deili a. 每日的 ad. 每天discussion disk?n n/v. 讨论topic t?pik n. 话题，主题meeting mi:ti? n. 会议 financial fain?n?l, .fi- a.金融的，财政的aid eid n. 帮助，有帮助的事 invite invait v. 邀请pick up 捡起，拾起field fi:ld a. 野外 n. 田地translate tr?nsleit v. 翻译,解释translate into v. 译成 choice t?is n 选择 wise waiz a. 明智的，聪明的glad gl?d a. 高兴的 B 当堂检测用题(高考真题) 1. Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music.A. making herself hear B. to make herself hearC. making herself heard D. to make herself heard 2. The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games _ in Beijing in 2008. A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held 3. -The last one _ pays the meal. -Agreed! A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving 4. I would rather _ watching TV than _ to the cinema. A. stay home, go B. to stay home, to go C. stay home, to go D. to stay home, go 5. Cars are now so popular that it is difficult _ before them. A. imagining what life is like B. imagining what life was like C. to imagine what life is like D. to imagine what life was like 6. -Good-bye, Mr. Hagen. Im very pleased _. -Me too. Good-bye.A. too meet you B. to have met you C. meeting you D. having met you 7. The small child begged _, but the doctor persuaded him to obey. A. not to operate B. not to operate on C. not to be operated D. not to be operated on 8. If theres a lot of work _, Im happy to just keep on until it is finished. A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. doing 9. _ the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day.A. Completing B. Complete C. Completed D. To complete 10. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _. A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed 11. The director had her assistant _ some hot dogs for the meeting. A. picked up B. picks up C. pick up D. picking up 12. -Did the book give the information you needed? -Yes. But _ it, I had to read the entire book. A. to find B. find C. to be finding D. finding 13. I feel greatly honored _ into their society. A. to welcome B. welcoming C. to be welcomed D. welcomed 14. The patient was warned _ only food after the operation.A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating 15. The lady was watched _ her room in silence.A. to leave B. leave C. left D. had left 16. The government calls on us _ our production.A. to increase B. increase C. increasing D. increased 17. She was said _ a fairy one day.A. to meet B. having met C. to have met D. meeting 18. The water isnt fit _.A. drinking B. drunk C. to dri