2015年南京一模英语.doc

第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21. The scientist does not study nature _ it is useful to do so. He studies it because he takes pleasure in it.A. until B. though C. because D. unless22. Mom! Jack has broken a cup! Doesnt matter. Accidents _ happen.A. should B. must C. will D. shall23. Home is _ somebody notices when you are no longer there.A. that B. when C. how D. where 24. Could you please explain the assignment for Monday, Miss Smith? Certainly. Read the next chapter and come to class _ to discuss what youve read.A. preparing B. prepared C. to prepare D. to be prepared25. They eat only plant foods, and take care to _ animal products from other areas of their lives.A. contain B. maintain C. exclude D. include26. Did you stay at the party until the very end last night? No, I left as early as was _ with politeness. A. content B. consistent C. patient D. permanent27. Believe it or not, your ship isnt quite sunk, as there are some ways to _ a new career even if its something youve never done before.A. burst into B. get through C. break into D. comb through28. Maury Brown of Forbes reports that Major League Baseballs annual _ for 2014 will top $9 billion.A. allowances B. revenues C. rates D. accounts29. Alan seems a lot taller than when I last saw him. He _. Hes grown a foot since you saw him in Shanghai.A. is B. will be C. has been D. was30. Personal space is the region surrounding a person _ they regard as psychologically theirs.A. who B. where C. when D. which31. On two occasions he was accused of stealing money from the company, but in neither case _ any evidence to support the claims.A. was there B. there was C. had there been D. there had been32. A great deal of hotel business comes from people travelling not just for holidays but by people travelling _ their business activities.A. in harmony with B. in conflict with C. by order of D. by virtue of33. You are not _ to unemployment benefit if you have never worked.A. accustomed B. resigned C. entitled D. submitted34. We guarantee that all your personal information will be treated _ and there should be no fear at all of identity theft. A. initially B. independently C. confidently D. confidentially35. I cant bear the air pollution in this city anymore. It is getting worse and worse. _! Weve never had so many chemical factories before.A. I wouldnt bet on it B. You said it C. Keep it up D. Come off it第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Everyone enjoys a fitting reply; it is wonderful to say the right thing at the right time!When I was a senior in high school, I 36 knew I wanted to pursue writing as a career.Writing had basically 37 me when I was only 7 years old, 38 since that time, Id been bombarded by guidance counselors and career planners who all 39 me to have “a back-up plan” in case writing didnt work out.Id never even 40 a different career path, so I was very 41 and worried. After much thought, I decided 42 would be my “back-up plan,” and I signed up for a class through my high school.This 43 that every morning, I would serve as a teachers helper for my favorite 6th grade teacher, Mr. Ralston. Morning after morning, I showed up in Mr. Ralstons classroom and 44 papers for him.Sometimes, I even 45 a lesson or two. It was fun, and the students seemed to like me, so I was surprised when it came time for my 46 . Mr. Ralston looked me right in the eyes and asked, “Do you really want to teach?”“Had I really been that 47 ?” I thought.“Dont misunderstand. Youll do fine in teaching,” he continued. “But, is your 48 really in it?”“Not really,” I 49 . “I want to write. I want to write news stories and fiction and poetry and so much morebut Ive been told its tough to make it as a writer 50 I thought maybe I would teach and then use my summers 51 to pursue writing.”As I shared with Mr. Ralston my hopes, dreams and carefully plotted-out back-up plan, he smiled and said, “Why are you preparing to 52 with this back-up plan? If you want to be a writer, go for it! Pursue writing!”Mr. Ralstons 53 to follow my dreams was the little nudge I needed to help me push past my 54 of not making it as a writer and simply “Go for it!”Thats what an encouraging word will do when spoken in love in 55 season. So, lets try and be like Mr. Ralston and speak that word of encouragement at just the right time and make a difference in someones life today.36. A. even B. never C. already D. also37. A. reminded B. entertained C. accompanied D. chosen38. A. or B. and C. for D. but39. A. urged B. forced C. taught D. persuaded40. A. created B. taken C. considered D. examined41. A. embarrassed B. confused C. annoyed D. frightened42. A. writing B. teaching C. studying D. compiling43. A. meant B. indicated C. suggested D. revealed44. A. read B. set C. graded D. composed45. A. reviewed B. skipped C. took D. presented46. A. application B. evaluation C. instruction D. qualification47. A. transparent B. shallow C. superior D. ambitious48. A. eye B. mind C. heart D. focus49. A. interrupted B. joked C. admitted D. apologized50. A. unless B. if C. because D. so51. A. up B. apart C. along D. off52. A. fail B. follow C. depart D. compete53. A. encouragement B. determination C. tendency D. attempt54. A. dreams B. fears C. regrets D. mistakes55. A. peak B. low C. due D. new第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AInterstellarRelease date: November 7, 2014Starring: Matthew McConaughey, Anne Hathaway, Jessica Chastain, Bill Irwin, Ellen Burstyn, Michael CaineWhen a wormhole (which theoretically can connect widely-separated regions of spacetime) is discovered, explorers and scientists unite to set out on a voyage through it, transcending the limits of human space travel. Among the travelers is a widowed engineer (McConaughey) who has to decide to leave behind his two children to join the voyage with the goal of saving humanity.Big HeroRelease date: November 7, 2014Starring: Ryan Potter, Soctt Adsit, T. J. Miller, Jamie Chung, Damon Wayans Jr.Set in a fictional metropolis called San Fransokyo (a portmanteau of San Francisco and Tokyo), a young robotics genius named Hiro Hamada and his robot Baymax uncover a criminal plot and put together a team of inexperienced crime-fighters, includingWasabi, Honey Lemon, GoGo Tomago, and Fred to solve the mystery surrounding the crime.The Hunger Games: Mockingjay Part 1Release date: November 21, 2014Starring: Jeenifer Lawrence, Josh Hutcherson, Liam Hemsworth, Woody Harrelson, Elizabeth Banks, Hulianne Moore, Jeffrey Wright, Jena Malone, Sam Claflin, Philip Seymour HoffmanKatniss Everdeen (Jennifer Lawrence) finds herself in District 13 after she destroys the Games forever. Under the leadership of President Coin (Julianne Moore) and the advice of her trusted friends, Katniss spreads her wings as she fights to save Peeta (Josh Hutcherson) and a nation moved by her courage.Penguins of MadagascarRelease date: November 14, 2014Starring: Tom McGrath, Chris Miller, Benedict Cumberbatch, John MalkovichThe Penguins of Madagascar is a spin-off of the Madagascar films. The series follows the adventures of four penguins: Skipper, Rico, Kowalski, and Private, who perform various paramilitary-like missions to protect their home in the Central Park Zoo. The penguins often have to deal with problems caused, or made worse, by King Julien XIII (a ring-tailed lemur), Maurice (an aye-aye), and Mort (a mouse lemur).56. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The voyage through the wormhole is a considerable challenge.B. A team of crime-fighters uncovers a criminal plot in Big Hero.C. President Coin pushes Katniss to protest Peeta.D. Penguins have to wrestle with problems in District 13.57. The similarity that exists in the four films is that _.A. each of them is a branch of film seriesB. all of them are concerned with positive energyC. they all have the best actors and actresses in the worldD. the four films all have something to do with explorationBAccording to figures released by the Office for National Statistics (ONS), the U.K. has about 7.7 million families with dependent children, of which 3.7 million have just one child, compared to 3 million with two and 1.1 million with three children or more. The number of families today with just one dependent child is now 47 percent and will likely rise to more than 50 percent in a decade. As the ONS confirms, “It appears that families are getting smaller.”One obvious reason for this could be that women are putting off having children until they have established careers when they are bound to be less fertile. But it could just as well be a matter of choice. Parents must consider the rising cost of living, combined with economic uncertainty and an increasingly difficult job market. And this trend may continue growing as having an only child becomes more normal, which seems to be the mood on the mothers online forum Mumsnet, where one member announced that she “just wanted to start a positive thread about how fab it is to have an only child”.She had received 231 replies, overwhelmingly in the same upbeat spirit. Parents of only children insist there are plenty of benefits. Nicola Kelly, a writer and lecturer who grew up as an only child and is now a married mother of one, says her 15-year-old son seems more grown-up in many ways than his contemporaries.Not all products of single-child families are as keen to repeat the experience. In a moving recent account journalist Janice Turner wrote about her own keenness to “squeeze out two sons just 22 months apart” as a reaction to her only-child upbringing.She was placed on a pedestal by her doting parents, whom she punished with a “brattish, wilful” rejection of everything they stood for. Desperate for a close friend she was repeatedly shattered by rejection and refers to her childhood as being “misery”.Writer and clinician Dr. Dorothy Rowe, a member of the British Psychological Society, says that we all interpret events in our own individual way and there are some children who no matter what their circumstances feel slighted, while other children see the advantages of their situation.However, the one part of life that is unlikely to get any easier for only children is when they grow up and find themselves looking after their own parents as they become older.58. The passage is written with the purpose of _.A. illustrating the strength and weakness of having an only childB. analyzing the reasons why having an only child becomes popularC. presenting us with different opinions about having an only childD. guiding people to look at the same issue from different perspectives59. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Nearly half of families intend to have just one child.B. All people dont stand for the idea of having an only child.C. Some people fail to recognize the advantage of having an only child.D. People brought up in an only child family resist downsizing the family.60. From what Dr. Dorothy Rowe said, we know that _.A. journalist Janice Turner experienced a miserable childhoodB. she has a positive attitude towards Janice Turners reactionC. its necessary for us to look at the event from our own angleD. some are unable to make an objective assessment of their conditions61. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Its normal to see the imperfection in character in only children.B. Mumsnet is an online forum which promotes having an only child.C. Economic development plays a determining role in the family size.D. Only children will have difficulty in attending to their parents.CExercise seems to be good for the human brain, with many recent studies suggesting that regular exercise improves memory and thinking skills. But an interesting new study asks whether the apparent cognitive benefits from exercise are real or just a placebo effect that is, if we think we will be “smarter” after exercise, do our brains respond accordingly? The answer has significant implications for any of us hoping to use exercise to keep our minds sharp throughout our lives.While many studies suggest that exercise may have cognitive benefits, recently some scientists have begun to question whether the apparently beneficial effects of exercise on thinking might be a placebo effect. So researchers at Florida State University in Tallahassee and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign decided to focus on expectations, on what people anticipate that exercise will do for thinking. If peoples expectations jibe (吻合) closely with the actual benefits, then at least some of those improvements are probably a result of the placebo effect and not of exercise.For the new study, which was published last month in PLOS One, the researchers recruited 171 people through an online survey system, they asked half of these volunteers to estimate by how much a stretching and toning regimens (拉伸运动) performed three times a week might improve various measures of thinking. The other volunteers were asked the same questions, but about a regular walking program.In actual experiments, stretching and toning program generally have little if any impact on peoples cognitive skills. Walking, on the other hand, seems to substantially improve thinking ability.But the survey respondents believed the opposite, estimating that the stretching and toning program would be more beneficial for the mind than walking. The estimates of benefits from walking were lower.These data, while they do not involve any actual exercise, are good news for people who do exercise. “The results from our study suggest that the benefits of aerobic exercise are not a placebo effect,” said Cary Stothart, a graduate student in cognitive psychology at Florida State University, who led the study.If expectations had been driving the improvements in cognition seen in studies after exercise, Mr. Stothart said, then people should have expected walking to be more beneficial for thinking than stretching. They didnt, implying that the changes in the brain and thinking after exercise are physiologically genuine.The findings are strong enough to suggest that exercise really does change the brain and may, in the process, improve thinking, Mr. Stothart said. That conclusion should encourage scientists to look even more closely into how, at a molecular level, exercise remodels the human brain, he said. It also should encourage the rest of us to move, since the benefits are, it seems, not imaginary, even if they are in our head.62. Which of the following about the placebo effect is TRUE according to the passage?A. It occurs during exercise. B. It has cognitive benefits.C. It is just a mental reaction. D. It is a physiological response.63. Why did the researchers at the two universities conduct the research?A. To discover the placebo effect in the exercise.B. To prove the previous studies have a big drawback.C. To test whether exercise can really improve cognition.D. To encourage more scientists to get involved in the research.64. What can we know about the research Cary Stothart and his team carried out?A. They employed 171 people to take part in the actual exercise.B. The result of the research removed the recent doubt of some scientists.C. The participants thought walking had a greater impact on thinking ability.D. Their conclusion drives scientists to do research on the placebo effect.65. What might be the best title for the passage?A. Is it necessary for us to take exercise? B. How should people exercise properly?C. What makes us smarter during exercise? D. Does exercise really make us smarter?DMum, its me. Hopefully, this Mothering Sunday you will get to hear those three words. I will, of course, try to phone you. I hope we will be able to speak for the allowed 10 minutes. But I suspect many inmates will be using the phone, so if I dont call and if we dont speak, then this is what I would have said:Its not your fault that I am here. I know that deep in your heart you have questioned whether my current circumstance is somehow your fault, if the reckless stupidity of my past is somehow a failure on your part. It is not. Only one person is to blame, only one person should hurt me. You have always taught me that when the room goes dark, you can wait for the lights to be switched back on or you can search in the dark and turn the light on yourself. You are my light. You always have been and always will be. There is nobody I admire more, nobody I have strived harder to please in my life, which is why my current failure hurts me so much.I am so sorry that I will not be there to see you, but I want you to know that now, as always, you are here with me. In my darkest hours, and in the coldest loneliness of my past few months, my mind has so often wandered to the past, to when it was you and me and I have been able to smile. Yours is the strength that I draw upon.A parents job is to make sure that they pass on the best of themselves to their children. You have done that. It is the inner you in me that will get me through this.I have failed you so epically, but you have never failed me. If I think back to the tears I shed when Dad left, all those years ago, I see you through their misty glaze. You holding me and you telling me wed