八年级英语上册第7单元知识讲解及练习.doc

八年级英语上册第7单元知识讲解及练习清华大学英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站：/ 清华大学英语教授研究组提供Unit 7 How do you make a banana smoothie?I. 学习目标1学会描述混合饮料、沙拉、三明治等食品的制作程序。2学会区分可数名词和不可数名词及如何表示量。3学会写菜谱。4学会描述某个过程。II. 学习向导语言目标学习策略与思维技巧重点词汇How do you make?Peel the bananas.How many apples do we need?How much milk do we need?First, cut up the bananas.Then, 通过对话练习，巩固所学知识。通过上下文进行逻辑排序。通过合作学习，启发思维，培养动手能力与合作精神。first, next, then, finallycut up, peel, put, mix up, turn onsalad, sandwich, hamburgerwatermelon, lettuce, onion, turkey, relishhoney, mayonnaise, 语言结构语言功能跨学科学习可数名词和不可数名词How many/How much 问句叙述过程的词：first, next, then, finally谈论自己喜爱的食物描述制作食物的过程社会实践：制作食物文化：了解其他国家的饮食文化。III疑点、难点解析1cut：切，割，剪，割破；cut up：切碎，粉碎，捣毁。如：I cut my finger when I cooked dinner yesterday. 昨天我做晚饭时割破了手指。The butcher cut up the meat. 屠夫把肉切碎.2可数名词和不可数名词量的表示方法。特别注意不可数名词要加表示容器或体积大小的名词，与of构成短语才能表示量。如：a piece of paper， two teaspoons of cinnamon，a cup of yogurt，a bar of chocolate3addto 把加到上。如: If you add 5 to 6, you get 11. 五加六得十一。4在描述一件事情的先后顺序时，恰当地使用副词first、next、then 和 finally，既能使说话人喘口气，又能使听话者感到句子的连贯性。IV. 补充的词汇1碟子 dish 7. 苏打水 soda13. 酱油 sauce2盘子 plate 8. 奶油 cream14. 香油 sesame oil3汤匙 spoon 9. 桃 peach15. 黄油 butter4刀子 knife 10. 梨 pear16. 色拉油 salad oil5叉子 fork 11. 葡萄grape17. 花生酱 peanut butter6打蛋器 egg beater12. 草莓strawberry 18. 芝麻酱 sesame pasteV. 能力训练一、补全对话A: Lets_ fruit salad.B: OK, good idea. How _cinnamon _we need?A: One teaspoon.B: And how _ apples do we need?A: Let me think We _two apples.B: OK, and how much mayonnaise do we need?A: Two teaspoons should _enough.二、重新安排下面句子的顺序，使其成为一个完整的对话。1. Im hungry. Lets make a fruit smoothie.2. What else do we need?3. Two teaspoons should do it. And we need two teaspoons of yogurt.4. We need three. 5. How many bananas do we need? 6. That sounds good. What fruit do we need?7. How much mayonnaise do we need?8. OK, three bananas, two teaspoons of mayonnaise and two teaspoons of yogurt.9. We need mayonnaise.10. We need bananas. 三、选择填空。 1. You should _ the bananas and put them in the blender.A. cut down B. cut up C. cut in2. Mon, can I turn _ the TV? I want to watch the soccer game.A. on B. off C. up3. How _ yogurt do you need?A. many B. a littleC. much4. I need _. A. two slices of bread B. two slices bread C. two slice of bread5. How _ cups of milk do you drink every day?A. much B. many C. a little四、根据句意，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. How many _ (teacher) are there in your school?2. I have three _( watch ).3. There are some _( orange) on the table.4. I like _(tomato) and _ ( chicken).5. How much _( honey ) do we need?6. Tina, lets _(make) fruit salad.7. Oh, it _(rain) last night, so the ground is wet now.8. Tom is a little _ ( strong) than Mike.9. I think English is _(important) than any other subject.10. My mother _( take) the bus to work every day.五、完形填空The Right Place for the ReeceMr Reece worked on a farm. He and his wife grew a lot of things and they had some cows. Every day they worked hard 1 morning till night. One day, Mr Reece 2 his wife. “Lets go to Portsmouth next Sunday. We can 3 a good lunch there and then we can go to the cinema.”His wife was very happy when she 4 this, because they always ate a lot, and she didnt 5 cooking three times a day.They went to Portsmouth by plane and walked about 6 an hour. Then, when it was twelve oclock, they wanted to 7 . They looked at four restaurants(饭店). In front of one restaurant, they 8 a notice(公告). It read, “Lunch: 12:30 to 2:30, 1.5 pounds.”“Well, thats 9 ,” Mrs Reece said. “We can eat for two hours for 1.5 pounds here! This is 10 for us.”1. A. at B. from C. in D. on2. A. told to B. asked C. spoke D. said to 3. A. cook B. smell C. have D. buy4. A. heard from B. heard of C. heard D. listened5. A. think B. wish C. want D. like6. A. for B. by C. at D. in 7. A. have a rest B. have lunch C. take a bus D. go home 8. A. saw B. heard C. watchedD. looked for 9. A. terrible B. well C. badD. great10.A. the news B. the thing C. the place D. the shop六、书面表达下周末，同学们准备开一次聚会，在聚会上，大家想自己动手制作一些喜欢吃的东西，许多同学爱吃水果沙拉，你会做吗？请你根据下面所给的材料，写出制作水果沙拉的过程。three bananas, three apples， a watermelon， a bowl， cinnamon， yogurt. _VI. Culture(文化): 1. How to keep table manners:* Fingers: We eat with chopsticks, forks, knives and spoons. But we eat some foods with fingers. For example: grapes, pizza, fries and fried chicken.* Elbow: Where do you put your elbows when you are eating? Remember to keep them off the table.* Mouth: Chew with your mouth closed.2. Eating habit: * Indian use hands to eat meals, southerners use two hands when they are eating, but the northerner just use the left hand to eat.* Arab families use only the first three fingers of the right hand to eat.* American people dont like to eat up all food when they are eating, they believe that will bring them bad luck and its rude.3. 白族筷子趣话筷子：白族人民对筷子的偏爱，不仅和其他民族一样在生活中离不开它，而且还形成了独特的习俗。一般请客吃饭，用一般的竹筷子。而在婚礼上使用的筷子，一律都用红颜色染就加工的竹筷子。因此，主人家在婚庆之前要砍回一些竹子请人加工削成筷子，然后用红颜色染红。这一是取红为吉利，二则是借用红字的谐音，取“和睦”之意。而前来参加喜庆婚宴的客人都要把自己使用的那双红筷子带回家、借主人家喜庆庆贺自家“和和气气”、“和睦相处。因而要准备多很多的红筷子。有趣的是新媳妇吃饭要用十多双红筷子扎成一把吃饭，据说这是图多子的意思。答案及简析一、A: Lets make fruit salad.B: OK, good idea. How much cinnamon do we need?A: One teaspoon.B: And how many apples do we need?A: Let me think We need two apples.B: OK, and how much mayonnaise do we need?A: Two teaspoons should be enough.二、1 6 10 5 4 2 9 7 3 8 三、1. B cut up有: 切碎，粉碎，捣毁 的意思. 2. A turn on 的意思是: 打开(电视机)3. C yogurt是不可数名词, 不能与many连用. 4. A two slices of bread 两片面包, 是可数名词, 应该变成复数形式.5. B cups是可数名词cup的复数形式. How many cups of milk的意思是:多少杯牛奶.四、1. teachers how many 与是可数名词的复数形式连用2. watches watch的复数形式在词尾加es. 3. oranges There are后应该加可数名词的复数形式4. tomatoes, chicken tomato的复数形式应该在词尾加上es, chicken是不可数名词.5. honey 是不可数名词, 6. make 动词let后接动词原形. let sb do sth.7. rained 根据时间状语last night,为过去时.8. stronger 根据题中的than Mike (比Mike), 因此, 应该用比较级.9. more important 根据题中的than any other subject (比其它任何一个学科), 因此应该用比较级10. takes 主语为my mother, 是第三人称单数，又因为时间状语是every day, 因此，本题应该用一般现在时五、1. 选B。from morning till night意为“从早到晚”，fromtill为固定搭配，不能随便换用介词。另请注意，在这个短语中，morning和night前均不带冠词。2. 选项A、C为搭配不当，选项B与后面所说的话不一致，因为没有问什么问题，就不能用asked, 故也应排除。said to his wife 搭配正确，并能引起下文，故选D。3. 根据下文，这餐饭不是自己做的，故A项与文章事实不符。B项明显不合文意。D项动宾搭配不当。have a good lunch 作“好好吃上一顿饭”，符合下文，故选C。4. 选项D明显错误，应先排除。from后应接sb., 不能接表示事物的词，意为“收到某人的来信”，故排除A。hear of 表示“听说过”。表示直接的“听见”、“听到”应该用hear，故选C。5. think, wish 和want后面均不能接动词- ing形式，故A、B、C三项均为错误。like指一般情况时，后面可接动词- ing形式，指具体的一次行为时常用不定式。这里“每日做三次饭”指通常情况，like 可接- ing形式，故选D。6. 文中walked about 意为“四处走走”，about 为副词，后面an hour是walked about的状语，表示这一动作进行了多久，可用介词for引起这个状语。in an hour表示“过一小时”，不合题意。介词by 和at不能接一个表示时间段的状语，应排除，故选A。7. 根据下文，“looked at four restaurants”，显然想要吃饭，故本题选B。8. 选A，表示“看到了一张公告”，与下文连贯自然。另外三项与下文无法连贯。9. 选D。Thats great表示“棒极了”，指由于高兴而发出的感叹。另三项均与下文列斯夫人所说的话不符。10. 选C。“This is the place for us.”的意思是“这就是我们所需要的地方”。六、1.Youd better_too much time playing computer games. A.dont spend B.not to spend C.to not spend D.not spend2.Shall we go to play football?_. Lets go.A. sounds boring B.Thats a good idea C.Im afraid not D.Thank you3.I dont think teenagers should drive cars._. They arent serious enough.A. I agree B.I dont agree C.I think D. I dont think 4.How many cakes can I have , mum?None, dear. They _for you father.A. prepare B.prepared C.have prepared D.were prepared 5. Ted _a piece of litter, and put it into the rubbish bag .A. picked up B.threw away C.looked for D.handed in 6. Look. She is skiing so fast! Hard to _her legs were once broken. A.know B.realize C.imaging D.find 7. He asked me _we could go to Beijing to watch the game by plane A.that B.if C.how D.what8. Hi, Andrew. How can you improve your English so much? Oh, nothing difficult. The _you work at it, the _progress you will makeA. harder; more B.more hardly; great C.hardier; greater D.harder; great9. Mr.Lin gave the textbooks to all the students _the ones who had already taken them A.except B.including C.among D.with 10. Oh.my god! We have missed the last bus. What shall we do ? Im afraid we have no _but to take a taxi A.choice B.decision C.reason D.information11. While flying, a bat makes a sound which hits things and comes back to its ears. In this way its able to know _the things are and avoid bumping into them A.how B.where C.what D.which12. Can you see _? No. Lets go and have a look. Maybe we can help them A.what are they doing there B.what was happening there C.what is happening there D.what are they talking there13. This wine tastes a little bit strange. It is. Its made _apples A.of B.from C.by D.in 14. When will my mum cone to see me, Dad? She will come to see you_you finish your training A.until B.if C.by D.in 15. Linda, pass my glasses to me, please. I can _read the words in the newspaper. With pleasure. A.hardly B.nearly C.clearly 16. He was_tired _he fell asleep as soon as he lay down. A.too; to B.so ; that C.such; that D.enough;that 1. Lets try our best _ make it _. A. to, successB. to, successful C. /, successD./, uccessful2. Thats _. A. good enoughB. enough goodC. well enoughD. enough well3. May I invite you _ our food festival?A. to B. for C. of D. / 4. Could you tell me _ it is polite to speak _ at the table?A. weather, loudly B. if, loud C. whether, loud D. if, loudly5. Help _ some _. A. yourself to, egg B. yourself, eggsC. yourself to, eggs D. yourself, juice6. Its important _ us _ English well. A. for, to studyB. of, to studyC. for, studyD. of, study7. Lets _ the students _,A. wish, successfulB. wish, successC. hope, successfulD. hope, success8. He cooked _. A. the most carefulB. the most carefully C. the more carefulD. the more careful9. Could you tell me _A. Where the post office is?B. how I can get there?C. where to buy a jacket? D. what are they made of?10. The weather is _. A. getting warmer and warm B. turning warmer and warmerC. turning warmer and warm D. getting warmer and warmer11. I would like _ a coat _ yours. A. buying, like B. to buy, like C. to buy, asD. buy, as12. Wine _ wheat. A. is made of B. is made fromC. are made of D. are made from13. _ bad news!A. What aB. How a C. What D. How14. Its _ that everyone _ the same clothes. A. true, likes B. impossible, like C. impossible, likes D. right, like15. The weather in Beijing is different _ in Shanghai. A. from B. from itC. from those D. from that16. I want to know _ they are talking about. A. why B. how C. if D. what17. Today the Tang costume _formal or casual clothes. A. can be designed asB. be designed asC. can be designed D. can is designed as18. There will _ heavy rain tonight. A. have a B. Have C. be a D. be19. Jane _ her new car. A. is very proud B. is very proud ofC. is proud veryD. is very proud for20. The twins are going to _ their parents _ help. A. turn, for B. turn to, forC. turn, of D. turn to, of(1)DBADA CBAAA BCBCA B(2)1-20 BAADC ABBCD BBCCD DACBBVI单项选择：从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。（共15分；每小题1分） ( )31. I am _ be a Chinese . A. proud of B. proud to C. pride of( )32. Our English teacher _ out for a walk after supper. A. is used to go B. used to going C. used to go( )33. The sun _ in the east every day. A. rises B. raises C. arises( )34. Go _ the bridge, and youll find the bank A. cross B. across C. pass( )35. We didnt go to Beijing _ the bad weather. A. because B. because of C. so( )36. Kangkang bought a book. It _ him 18 yuan. A. costed B. costs C. cost( )37. Maria wants _ . A. another apples B. three another apples C. another three apples( )38. We _ the movie. A. dislike B. unlikeC. doesnt like( )39. Harry Potter is a good book. It is worth .A. seeing B. to read C. reading( )40. Jiangxi is the west of Fujian.A. inB. on C. to( )41. Can you tell me _ ? A. what is Mikes address B. where is Mikes addressC. what Mikes address is( )42. The teacher said that the moon _ round the earth.A. moved B. movesC. moving( )43. Jane is Mary.A. as taller than B. so tall asC. not so tall as( )44. This article is the _ important in the book. A. leastB. moreC. very( )45. I dont know .A. how to do B. why to doC. what to doVII. 完形填空：从所给三个选项中各选出一个最佳选项填空。（共10分；每小题1分） I have thousands of classes since I started school nine years ago. But only one 46 was the most important.It happened last term just after I had got a 47 result in an exam. I was sad and had lost my confidence. I decided to go to a class which can tell me how to be 48 .The speaker walked into the room. But he did not start talking like a teacher. Instead, he held up a twenty yuan note(钞票)!“ Who wants it?” he asked. 49 of us in the class held up our hands.He smiled. Then he put up the note on the blackboard and asked the same question. Again, we all put up our hands. He smiled again but said 50 . Suddenly, he threw the note onto the floor! Then he asked the same question a 51 time.I didnt understand what the speaker was doing. Why was he asking the same question again and again? I wanted the note, 52 I put my hand up again. After a while, he 53 the note and started to laugh. “ You have all just told me how to become successful.”“ The note is worth 20 yuan. It is 54 worth 20 yuan, even though I threw it on the floor. You are like the note. Whatever happens to you, you still have your worth.”Suddenly I 55 I was worth a lot. I may have done poorly in an exam, but it doesnt mean I cant do well in the future. If I believe in myself, I will be successful!( )46. A. exam B. class C. term( )47. A. good B. lucky C. bad( )48. A. famous B. careful C. successful( )49. A. Few B. Most C. All( )50. A. nothing B. everything C. something( )51. A. second B. third C. fourth( )52. A. so B. since C . but( )53. A. gave up B. ended up C. picked up( )54. A. never B. always C. hardly( )55. A. realized B. decided C. dreamed（一）阅读下列材料，按要求完成下列各题。A：阅读下面材料，根据材料内容判断句子正误（正确的用“T”表示，错误的用“F”表示）。The lights are red, so the old man stopped his car and waited for them to change to green. While he was waiting, a police car came up behind him, hit his car in the back and stopped.There were two policemen in the police car, and they were surprised and glad when the old man got out his car and walked towards them without any trouble after such an accident. He was over 70 years old. The old man came to the door of the police car, smiled kindly and said, “ Tell me, young man, how do you stop this car when the lights are red and I am not here?”56. The old man stopped his car at the traffic lights.57. The old man was waiting for the red lights.58. The policemen drove so fast that they couldnt stop their car.59. The policemen were surprised that the old man was glad.60. In the last sentence “this car” was the old mans car.（B） It is easier to go down a hill than to climb up a hill, so it is easier to fall into bad habits than into good ones. Bad habits do not come suddenly. They come little by little while people do not notice their danger. Some schoolboys first pick up little bad habits in schools and on the streets. When they cannot finish their lessons, they copy from their classmates. If they see bigger boys smoking, they also want to learn to smoke. When they got older, the habits become so strong that they can never get rid of them. From copying, they fall beh