综合教程IVU16习题答案.doc

An Integrated English Course IVUnit 16 Key to ExercisesText I “The Story of an Eyewitness”Text comprehension (P251-252)I. Decide which of the following best states the authors purpose of writing. B.II. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false. 1. T. Refer to Paragraph 1. The earthquake brought about a loss of hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of housing while the conflagration burned up hundreds of millions of dollars worth of property.2. T. Refer to Paragraph 1, in which it is said that “There is no estimating within hundreds of millions the actual damage wrought”, meaning that it is possible to estimate the actual damage within hundreds of millions of dollars.3. F. Refer to Paragraph 6, where it is indicated that the purpose of mans dynamiting the city was to prevent the advancement of the furious fire rather than maliciously destroy the city.4. F. Refer to Paragraph 6, where it is shown that organized firefighters made efforts to combat the flames.5. F. Refer to Paragraph 11-12, which tell us that the men broke their heart over their trunks because they were compelled to abandon their trunks, which contained their family treasures and which they had been dragging along with great difficulty for a dozen hours.6. T. Refer to Paragraph 13-14, which show that twenty hours after the earthquake, miles and miles of magnificent buildings and skyscrapers still stood intact. They were reduced to rubble, however, by man with dynamite and by the fire.III. Answer the following questions. 1. Refer to Para. 4. They refer to the shrewd man-made life conveniences and safeguards in San Francisco such as the streets, the steel rails, the telephone and telegraph systems. 2. No. Refer to Para. 5. Away from the burning city, it was dead calm. Inside it, however, the flames were going more and more rampant and the heated air became lighter and lighter and rose continuously. Thus a discrepancy of air pressure was formed. Consequently, under the higher pressure from outside, air was pouring in upon the city where the atmospheric pressure was lower. 3. Refer to Para. 6. It was very hard or even impossible for man to halt the advancement of the flames. Their efforts to combat the conflagration by building stands turned out to be useless. 4. Refer to Para.7. As the author sees it, it will be impossible to know the exact number of the victims of the earthquake because all their traces have been erased by the flames. 5. Refer to Para. 11, which tells us that one of the tasks of the soldiers was to keep the trunk-pullers moving so as to reduce the loss of life in the disaster. 6. Refer to Para. 16. Man had tried his best to fight against the flames, and yet the conflagration was getting all the more rampant. Moreover, water and dynamite, with which the firemen fought against the flames, were exhausted. As a result, they had no choice but to admit defeat.IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text. 1. Except for some dwelling houses on its outskirts, San Francisco is no more in the material world though it is still lingering in the memories of its dwellers. 2. it was very difficult or even impossible to resist the advancement of the flames. 3. The courageous and brave deeds in the firefighting would fill up a library if related in writing and exhaust the Carnegie medal fund if rewarded. 4. Sometimes all members of a family fastened themselves with straps to a carriage or delivery wagon that was heavily loaded with their possessions. 5. Two soldiers sat astride on their horses and calmly watched the conflagration, their shapes contrasting sharply with the wall of flames when seen from their back.Structural analysis of the text (P252)The topical sentence of this text is “There is no estimating within hundreds of millions the actual damage wrought”, which appears in Para.1. This topic is further developed in the following paragraphs by a chronological description of the author about the destruction caused by the earthquake and conflagrations, i.e. what happened to the city of San Francisco on Wednesday morning, Wednesday afternoon, Wednesday evening and then early next morning.Furthermore, the author describes the physical destruction of the city first and then the quiet and calm reactions of the city dwellers.Rhetorical features of the text (P253)In Para. 8 and 14 you can find similar structures:I saw not one woman who wept, not one man who was excited, not one person who was in the slightest degree panic-stricken./ There were no firemen, no fire-engines, no men fighting with dynamite.All these parallel sentences help to illustrate the destructive power of the earthquake and conflagrations.Vocabulary exercises (P253-254)I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words. 1. move back and forth slowly 2. intelligent mechanical devices and protective measures 3. resisting 4. fill a library 5. polite or considerate in manner 6. threatII. Choose a word that best completes each of the following sentences.1.C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5.B 6. A 7. A 8.CIII. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase taken from the box in the proper form. 1. was weighed down 2. out of gear 3. humping 4. burdened with 5. to crumble 6. playout 7.to sweep down 8. a flicker ofIV. Explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase in each sentence. 1. way 2. controlled 3. for example 4. finished 5. be able to deal with it 6. makingGrammar exercises (P255-256)I. Identify subject and the predicate in the following sentences.1. the earthquake / came2. the suck / was3. her people / were4. trunks / were5. picket lines of soldiers / were flung6. no fire / was7. two united states cavalrymen / were8. the tottering walls of the Examiner Building, the burned out Call Building, the smouldering ruins of Grand Hotel, and the gutted, devastated, dynamited Palace Hotel / stoodII. Rewrite the following sentences. Begin with the words given.1. Under no circumstances will we tolerate that.2. So absurd was his manner that everybody stared. 3. Only with full agreement of everyone can we hope to succeed. 4. Here is the book you want.5. Down sprang the cat. 6. Sitting at the kitchen table was the misbehaving child.7. Hidden in the cellar were several barrels of wine.8. Never have I seen such a mess.III.Choose the appropriate clause to complete the following paragraphs.1. B2. A3. B4. BIV. Put the words in the brackets in the right order.1. All our many2. The other ten3. the few next4. Few such5. all these five6. These next twoV. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined parts in your sentences.1. There is no telling what hell do. There is no mentioning the exact number of the victims in the accident.2. a) partial inversion Not for one minute do I think I have any hope of getting promoted. Visit our stores. Nowhere else will you find such magnificent bargains. Thus began an intricate minute between us and the Japanese. b) full inversion Bang! Bang! Bang! Came three reports of firecrackers and Philip suddenly felt his body become light. So dangerous were the avalanches that skiing had to be stopped. From the valley came a tinkling sound, a soothing moo, the lull of alien voices.Translation exercises (P256-257)I. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1. My whole mornings work has been put out of gear by that mishap. 2. By hiding himself among the bushes, he at last flung off his pursuers. 3. We must make every effort to wipe out the injustice in the system. 4. The soldiers held on to that isolated position until reinforcements arrived. 5. In front of all the facts, he was compelled to admit that he had stolen that confidential document. 6. His inability to speak English puts him at a disadvantage when he attends international conferences. 7. They are about to harness some of their most sensitive technologies against cancer. 8. At the beginning of May 1945, it was clear even to the most zealous of Hitlers followers that his “Thousand Year Reich” was doomed.II. Translate the following passage into Chinese.19世纪，南达科他州戴德伍德镇发现黄金， 吸引了许多心地善良或居心叵测，但都一心想发财的人，来到被称作是“胆小鬼决不敢动身前往，不中用的则死在途中”的地方。但是在戴德伍德镇最出名的歹徒一直是一样东西：火灾。小镇建筑在陡峭的山坡上，下面深谷蜿蜒。假如发生火灾，这山谷就成了烟囱，把火焰一直吸上房屋。 在我们这个时代，大货再一次威胁过这个小镇。有一些废纸在山谷脚下烧着了，然后大火就熊熊而起，不到一小时，火焰就穿过树顶。大风在森林中呼啸而过，几乎把火焰引到了小镇的边缘。惊慌失措的居民们准备离开，他们尽量多抓一些他们的财物，街头到处都是衣服堆得很高的卡车。风向在变化，卡车也被迫改变它们的撤退线路。 消防队员奋不顾身地与火搏斗了24小时，最后飞机也用上了。飞机开始用水“轰炸”大火，这样才阻止了大火的蔓延。大火开始减势，离开的人们回家了。他们看到山谷成了黑黑的一片，但他们的房屋依然存在。戴德伍德镇终于从它最险恶的敌人手中得救了。Exercises for integrated skills (P257)I. Dictation.The first time I was personally introduced to lightning, I was flying between Puerto Rico and the American continent. Had I not been in an airplane, I might not be alive now to describe the experience.We had just ridden through three minutes of violent storm. As I was beginning to wonder how much longer the wings of the airplane could stand the terrible tossing, suddenly it happened. The inside of the plane lit up like an electric light. The light lasted less than a thousandth of a second, yet huge green sparks jumped all over the room. The radioman was knocked to the floor, and the hair on the back of his head stood out stiffly.The lightning bolt had evidently struck the trailing wire of our radio and followed it to the tail of the airplane, then on to the radio itself, which was severely damaged.II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.1. exactly 2. from 3. Even 4. before/until 5. it 6. last 7. nature 8. ofListening exercises (P258-259)A Rare Solar EclipseB.1. Partial solar eclipse.2. Its timing on the calendar.3. Novice observers.4. Because sunglasses tend to cause the center of the eye to enlarge and allow in more intense light.5. In 2307, on the west coast of AfricaC.I.1. Dec.25,20002. a partial solar eclipse3. 30 times during the past 5000 years, last time in 1954II. 1. solar eclipse- the moon passes between the Earth and the sun, and the moons shadow covers part of the earth.2. partial solar eclipse-the moons shadow blocks out part of the sun3. total solar eclipse-the moons shadow blocks out the sun entirelyIII1. eclipse safety glasses2. telescope3. pinhole projectorIV1 when - in 23072 where - on the west coast of AfricaText II “Memories of the San Francisco Earthquake and Fire”Key to questions for discussion (P263)1. They are mutually supportive in the following ways:1) They tell us the same time for the outbreak of the earthquake, i.e. 5:15 a.m., a