商务英语决赛试题动.doc

第一部分一、autarchy 闭关自守private sector 私营成分,私营部门economic balance 经济平衡holding company 控股公司infrastructure 基本建设stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气calling up of capital 催缴资本allocation of funds 资金分配endorsement 背书transfer 转让,转帐,过户foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券Japan-China Economic Association 日中经济协会Association for the Promotion of International Trade,Japan 日本国际贸易促进会British Council for the Promotion of International Trade 英国国际贸易促进委员会赤字 deficit经济好转 turnabout货币供应 money supply生产率 productivity劳动力 labor force实际工资 real wages成本推进式通货膨胀 cost-push inflation需求拉动式通货膨胀 demand-pull inflation双位数通货膨胀 double- digit inflation极度通货膨胀 hyperinflation长期通货膨胀 chronic inflation治理通货膨胀 to fight inflation二、free exchange rates 汇兑市场floating exchange rate 浮动汇率speculation 投机depreciation 减价,贬值devaluation （货币）贬值capital flight 资本外逃runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀securities business 证券市场stock exchange 贡市场stock exchange corporation 证券交易所quotation 报价,牌价China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, C.C.P.I.T. 中国国际贸易促进委员会National Council for US-China Trade 美中贸易全国理事会International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会最终目标 ultimate goal坏的影响 adverse effect担保 ensure贴现 discount萧条的 sluggish认购 subscribe to支票帐户 checking account货币控制工具 instruments of monetry control借据 IOUs（I owe you）本票 promissory notes货币总监 controller of the currency三、investment trust 投资信托maturity 到期日,偿还日amortization 摊销,摊还,分期偿付redemption 偿还insurance 保险mortgage 抵押allotment 拨款short term credit 短期信贷consolidated debt 合并债务funded debt 固定债务,长期债务floating debt 流动债务International Union of Marine Insurance 国际海洋运输保险协会International Alumina Association 国际铝矾土协会Universal Postal Union, UPU 万国邮政联盟拖收系统 collection system支票清算或结算 check clearing资金划拨 transfer of funds可以相信的证明 credentials被缠住 entangled货币联盟 Monetary Union精明的讨价还价交易 horse-trading公共债务 membership criteria汇率机制 REM储备货币 reserve currency劳动密集型 labor-intensive四、drawing 提款,提存expenditure开支,支出fixed costs 固定成本overhead costs 营业间接成本overheads 杂项开支,间接成本operating costs 生产费用,营业成本operating expenses 营业费用running expenses 日常费用,经营费用miscellaneous costs 杂项费用overhead expenses 间接费用,管理费用maintenance costs 维修费用,养护费用Customs Co-operation Council, CCC 关税合作理事会United Nations Trade and Development Board 联合国贸易与发展理事会Organization for Economic cooperation and Development, DECD 经济合作与开发组织贡交易所 bourse竞争领先 frontrun牛市 bull market非凡的牛市 a raging bull规模经济 scale economcies买方出价与卖方要价之间的差价 bid-ask spreads期货（贡） futures经济商行 brokerage firm回报率 rate of return违约 default现金外流 cash drains五、contingent expenses或有费用apportionment of expenses 分摊费用gross profit 毛利,总利润,利益毛额net income 纯收益,净收入,收益净额average income 平均收入national income 国收入profit earning capacity 利润率,赢利率yield 产量收益,收益率appreciation 增值,升值taxation system 税制taxation 征税,纳税European Economic Community, EEC, European Common Market 欧洲经济共同体European Free Trade Association, EFTA 欧洲贸易联盟European Free Trade Area, EFTA 欧洲贸易区经济人佣金 brokerage fee营业额 turnover资本市场 capital market经常帐户 current account套利者 arbitrager远期汇率 forward exchange rate即期汇率 spot rate实际利率 real interest rates货币政策工具 tools of monetary policy银行倒闭 bank failures跨国公司 MNC （ Multi-National Corporation）六、fiscal charges 财务税收progressive taxation 累进税制graduated tax 累进税value added tax 增值税income tax 所得税land tax 地租,地价税excise tax 特许权税basis of assessment 估税标准taxable income 须纳税的收入fiscality 检查tax exemption 免税Council for Mutual Economic Aid, CMEA 经济互助委员会United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD 联合国贸易与发展会议European Economic and Monetary Union 欧洲经济与货币同盟商业银行 commercial bank商业票据 comercial paper利润 profit本票，期票 promissory notes监督 to monitor佣金（经济人） commission brokers套期保值 hedge有价证券平衡理论 portfolio balance theory外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves固定汇率 fixed exchange rate浮动汇率 floating/flexible exchange rate第二部分（连线）一、货币选择权（期货） currency option交易 transaction充分需求 adequate demand短期外债 short term external debt空头卖跌 selling short通货紧缩 deflation贸易中的存货 inventory 国际储备 international reserve软通货 soft currency限制 restriction二、套利 arbitrage合约价 exercise price远期升水 forward premium赤字 deficit期货合同 commodity futures contract外汇交易市场 foreign exchange market利率 interest rate资产 assets 繁荣 boom可兑换性 convertibility三、债券 bond资本 captial资本支出 captial expenditures商品 commodities商品交易所 commodity exchange按市价订购贡 market order行政开支 administrative expenses联合大企业 conglomerate货币贬值 currency devaluation本国货币 domestic currency四、折旧 depreciation贴现率 discount rate归个人支配的收入 disposable personal income从业人员 employed person汇率 exchange rate财政年度 fiscal year企业 free enterprise国生产总值 gross antional product库存 inventory无形资产 intangible assets五、债务 liabilities市场经济 market economy合并 merger货币收入 money income跨国公司 Multinational Corproation个人收入 personal income信贷额度 credit line价格收益比率 price-earning ratio优惠贷款利率 pr