陕西省西安市高考英语阅读理解和短文改错暑假选练5.doc

陕西省西安市2016高考英语阅读理解和短文改错暑假选练5阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。bill javis took over our villages news-agency at a time of life when most of us only wanted to relax. he just thought he would like something but not too much to do, and the news-agency was ready-made. the business produced little enough for him, but bill was a man who only wanted the simplicity and order and regularity of the job. he had been a long-serving sailor, and all his life had done everything by the clock.every day he opened his shop at 6:00 a. m. to catch the early trade; the papers arrived on his doorstep before that. many of bills customers were city workers, and the shop was convenient for the station. business was tailing off by 10 oclock, so at eleven sharp bill closed for lunch. it was hard luck on anybody who wanted a paper or magazine in the afternoon, for most likely bill would be down on the river bank, fishing, and his neatest competitor was five kilometers away. sometimes in the afternoon-, the evening paper landed on the doorway, and at 4 o clock bill reopened his shop. the evening rush lasted till seven, and it was worthwhile. he lived in a flat above the ship, alone. except in the very bad weather, you always knew where to find him in the afternoon, as i have said. once, on a sunny afternoon, i walked home along the river bank from a shopping trip to the village. by my watch it was three minutes past four, so i was astonished to see bill sitting there on his little chair with a line in the, water. he had no luck, i could, see, but he was making no effort to move.“whats wrong, bill?” i called out from the path.for answer, he put a hand in his jacket and took out a big, golden object. for a moment i had no idea what it could be, and then it suddenly went off with a noise like a fire engine. stopping the bell, bill held the thing up and called back, ten to four, you see, and this is dead right. i had never known anyone carrying a brass alarm clock round with him before.1. bill javis became a news-agent when _.a. he need the money. b. he decided to take things easyc. he was quite an old man d. he gave up clock-repairing2. bill opened the shop so early in the day because _.a. he liked to do as much as possible before he went to workb. the shop had to be open when the morning papers camec. he was never sure of timed. it was then that he did a lot of business3. on that sunny afternoon, the writer was surprised when he saw bill because _.a. he thought it was late for bill to be still fishingb. he thought bill was ill, since he was not moving at allc. bill had not caught anything, and that seemed stranged. bill stayed in his flat4. from the information given in the passage, who or what do you think was wrong?a. the bell was; it must have gone off at the wrong time.b. bill was; he had dropped off to sleep.c. the writers watch was fast.d. bills clock was wrong; it was old.【参考答案及解析】1. c 推断题。at a time of life when most of us only wanted to relax和he had been a long-serving sailor这两点说明他已上了年纪。2. d 推断题。第二段开头说他6点开门，报纸在这之前已送到，而且还可以catch the early trade。3. a 推断题。bill通常4点会重新开店，而那天作者的表已过4点，bill还没有离开的意思，所以他非常惊讶。4. c 细节题。a项中go off是爆发，产生很大声音；b项中drop off to sleep是不知不觉入睡；文章中倒数第二段最后一句话this is dead right 中dead是“非常，完全”的意思，可见，bill的clock没错。【阅读理解】skeptics are a strange lot.some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the enviroment, and they are tired of people who disagree with them.those people，say skeptics，spread nothing but bad news about the environment.the “ecoguilt”brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews.perhaps that explains why a new book by bjorn lomborg received so much publicity.that book ，the skeptical environmentalist, declares that it measures the “real state of the world”as fine. of course ，another explanation is the deep pockets of some big businesses with special interests. indeed, mr. lomborgs views are similar to those of some industryfunded organizations, which start huge activities through the media to confuse the public about issues like global warming.so it was strange to see mr. lomborgs book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions. one national newspaper in canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise, even with the conclusion that “after lomborg, the environmental movement will begin to die down.”such onesided views should have immediately been challenged. but only a different review appeared in nature, a respected science magazine with specific readership. the review remarked that mr. lomborgs “preference for unexamined materials is incredible(不可信的)”a critical (批判的)eye is valuable, and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions. unfortunately, that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests. people might become halfblind before a world partially exhibited by the media. thats a shame, because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.本文讲述了怀疑论者不承认人类活动对环境造成的危胁，认为地球状况是良好的，这迎合了一些追求利益的商业公司。但是关系地球健康的问题是相当重要的，人们一定要严肃对待。1. according to the passage, which of the following may be regarded as “skeptics”？a. people who agree on the popularity of “ecoguilt”b. people who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet.c. people who dislike the harmful effect of human activities.d. people who spread comforting news to protect our environment.答案：b。细节理解题。根据短文第一段可知，怀疑论者不承认人类活动对环境的影响。短文第二段第二句话中提到，他们认为世界的真正状态是好的，由此可知b项正确。2. which of the following can be a reason for the popularity of lomborgs book?asome big businesses intend to protect their own interests. bthe book challenges views about the fine state of the world.cthe author convinces people to seek comforting worldviews.dindustryfunded media present confusing information.答案：a。细节理解题。根据短文第二段最后一句话可知lomborg的观点与一些由工业资助的组织的观点是相似的。因此可知这些大的组织为了自己的利益也不会注重环保。3. the author mentioned the review in nature in order to _.a. voice a different opinionb. find fault with lomborgs book c. challenge the authority of the mediad. point out the value of scientific views答案：a。推理判断题。第三段提到加拿大的一家报纸对lomborg的书大加赞扬，第四段又提到这片面的观点应当受到挑战，然后说“nature”杂志上就有不同的评论。由此可知a项正确。4. what is the authors main purpose in writing the passage?a. to encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye.b. to warn the public of the danger of halfblindness with reviews.c. to blame the medias lack of responsibility in presenting information.d. to show the importance of presenting overall information by the media.答案：d。作者意图题。由短文最后一段第二句话可知，媒体应当提供全方位的信息，让人们在了解情况的前提下做出决定。由此可知d项正确。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。体裁：说明文话题：网络时代时间：6分钟think about how many ways there are for you to communicate today.you can send a letter or pick up the phone and make a call.but today，one of the most popular ways to communicate is called instant messaging(im)in any instant messaging system，you type a little text message on your computer，press the “send” button，and your message instantly shows up on your friends screen.but how does it work?actually，the whole process is very cool.in the 1980s，you could sit down at a computer at any big university.up to 100 people would be logged in and share the computer because these computers were very expensive.you could type a command to send an instant message to anyone logged in the same computer.it felt like everyone was connected together no matter where they were sitting.today，you can communicate with anyone in the world.all you need is an instant messaging program installed on your computer.there are many programs to choose from.aols instant messenger is probably the most popular right now.msn has one.google has google talk.when youre ready，you create an account.next，you need to figure out the im names your friends use.add their im names to your im program.click on the friend you want to talk to and then type away.when you click “send”，your friend gets the message instantly.but behind the scenes，amazing things are happening.your im program is communicating with a computer，called a server，which could be just down the road or even in some other city.all your friends computers are communicating with a server，too.your computer is constantly chatting with it to make everything happen.the network called the internet makes it all possible.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了目前网上最流行的交流方式即时通信。1what could be the best title of the passage?adifferent ways of communicationbthe easiest way to talk to a friendchow to send instant messagesddevelopment of communication解析主旨大意题。根据第一段的后两句及整篇文章的内容可知，该文介绍的是如何发送即时消息，所以选c项作标题最合适。答案c2why did so many people share a computer in the 1980s?abecause they wanted to be connected to each other.bbecause few people could afford to buy computers.cbecause few people knew how to use computers.dbecause computers at that time were too large.解析细节理解题。根据第二段的第三句“up to 100 people would be logged in and share the computer because these computers were very expensive.”可知，一百多个人使用一台电脑是因为电脑太贵，很少有人买得起。答案b3from the passage we can see that “google talk”_ais a kind of search enginebrefers to a computer companycis a famous websitedis an im program解析细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，要想进行即时聊天，你需要在电脑上装一个im程序，并且有很多这样的程序供你选择，故google talk是一个im程序。答案d4the underlined“it” in the last paragraph most probably refers to“_ ”aa server ban im programca computer dthe internet解析代词指代题。根据上文中的“your im program is communicating with a computer，called a server”以及“all your friends computers are communicating with a server，too.”可知，此处的it指的就是前面提到的a server。答案a1.短文改错（共10 小题； 每小题1分， 满分10分）要求： 增加： 在缺词处加一个漏词符号（）， 并在此符号下面写出该加的词。 删除： 把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改： 在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。dear jim, i am so exciting that you will come to china. i will free from december 18 and will have a plenty of time to be together with you. ill meet you at the airport and then you will take no.8 bus for my home. you worry about the weather here in your email. in fact, the weather here is quite different from it in your city. it isnt very cold, but you neednt bring many clothes with you. during your stay here, ill take you to some places of interests and you can taste some local snacks. i am sure we will have greatly fun together.im looking forward to meeting you soon.yours john【参考答案】1、【小题10】句意：我相信我们在一起可以玩的高兴。修饰名词fun，用形容词great . 考点：考查短文改2.短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线划掉。修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。dear mr. smith, im very much glad to hear that your shopping centre will build non-smoking supermarket. in my opinion, its a good idea to do so, for it can not only help the smokers to smoke less, and it can also do good to other customers health. since you had given up selling cigarettes, the customers dont like smoking are sure to support you. in addition, smoke in the shopping centre may